Formoterol, a Clinically Approved Drug, Inhibits Ferroptosis by Suppressing Lipid Peroxidation and Attenuates APAP-Induced Acute Liver Injury.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by lethal lipid peroxidation and implicated in various human diseases. Despite intensive research, clinically applicable ferroptosis inhibitors remain unavailable. In this study, we identify formoterol, a β-adrenergic agonist widely used to treat asthma and COPD, as a potent and selective ferroptosis inhibitor through scaffold-based screening of FDA-approved drugs.

Biocarrier-driven enhancement of caproate production via microbial chain elongation: Linking metabolic redirection and microbiome assembly.

This study investigated the effects of five representative biocarriers-biochar (BC), activated carbon (AC), nano-magnetite (NM), zero-valent iron (ZVI), and polyurethane sponge (PUS)-on chain elongation (CE) from ethanol/acetate in anaerobic systems. All carriers enhanced CE to varying extents. BC and NM significantly increased caproate yields (6032.

Weakly hydrophobic antibiotics leaching in an alpine soil of the Tibetan Plateau in responding to macropore flow.

In alpine meadow regions, macropore flow is a critical but inadequately understood pathway for antibiotic transport. The complex relationship between macropore structure, flow dynamics, and solute properties presents a significant research gap. Methodological limitations hinder the accurate characterization of solute migration mechanisms due to complex macropore structures.

Acute isolation is associated with increased reward seeking and reward learning in human adolescents.

Social connection, a basic human need, is vital during adolescence. How a lack of connection impacts adolescent behaviour is unclear. To address this question, we employed experimental short-term isolation with and without access to virtual social interactions (iso total; iso with media; order counterbalanced, both compared to a separate baseline session).

Fxyd5 downregulation protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing myocardial inflammation.

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of death. FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator-5 (Fxyd5) is a type I membrane protein that plays a significant role in mediating cellular functions. However, the expression and function of Fxyd5 in myocardial I/R injury remain unclear.

Integrative blood transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling reveals biomarkers of natural heat tolerance in Holstein cows.

Heat stress poses a major threat to dairy cattle productivity, particularly in high-producing Holstein cows. To identify robust biomarkers of thermotolerance, we employed an integrative strategy combining physiological phenotyping, blood metabolite profiling, and transcriptomic analysis. A total of 120 lactating Holstein cows were evaluated under natural summer heat conditions using rectal temperature, respiratory rate, salivation index, serum HSP70, cortisol, potassium levels, and milk production.

Machine Learning-Driven Exploration of Composition- and Temperature-Dependent Transport and Thermodynamic Properties in LiF-NaF-KF Molten Salts for Nuclear Applications.

This study developed a high-precision deep potential (DP) model based on density functional theory (DFT) and the DP-GEN workflow to efficiently simulate the microscopic structures and thermophysical properties of LiF-NaF-KF molten salt systems with varying compositions. Through iterative optimization of the training data set using the DP-GEN active learning strategy, our DP model demonstrated excellent agreement with DFT calculations in predicting energies, forces, and stresses. Leveraging this model, we systematically investigated the local structures and properties of 22 FLiNaK molten salt compositions, including radial distribution functions (RDFs), coordination numbers (CNs), density (ρ), heat capacity (), self-diffusion coefficients (SDCs), electrical conductivity, and shear viscosity.

Clinical characterisation of human metapneumovirus infection in 525 patients with respiratory tract infections in Jilin province.

Background: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common cause of acute respiratory infections. The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic characteristics and treatment outcomes of HMPV virus infection in Jilin province.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with respiratory tract infections between September 2023 and February 2024 in the Lequn Campus of the First Hospital of Jilin University, using tNGS sequencing.

Case Report: spontaneous mutation in a familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patient with a complex heterozygous mutation in .

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 (FHL2), caused by perforin 1 (PRF 1), is a rare and fatal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a hyperinflammatory syndrome and the accumulation of activated T lymphocytes and histiocytes in the reticuloendothelial system. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is an autoimmune disease that typically presents in children with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and cytopenias or lymphomas. We report a case of a 9-year-old boy who was newly diagnosed with FHL, carrying a new type of compound heterozygous mutations (c.

Macrophage Nogo-B drives liver fibrosis.

Background & Aims: Liver fibrosis is characterized by sustained injury stress, chronic inflammation, and repeated cell death and repair, all of which promote the progression of end-stage liver diseases (e.g., liver cirrhosis and carcinoma).

The Orofacial Somatosensory Changes of Edentulous Mandible After Full Arch Implant Surgery-A Six-Month Follow Up.

Aims: To evaluate somatosensory function changes and recovery time in patients with mandibular edentulous jaw after full arch flap implant surgery using a standardized quantitative sensory testing (QST) protocol.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients with edentulous mandibles underwent full-arch alveolar flap implant surgery, with three to four implants placed in each case. A QST battery including cold detection threshold (CDT), warmth detection threshold (WDT), thermal sensory limen (TSL), paradoxical heat sensation (PHS), cold pain threshold (CPT), heat pain threshold (HPT), mechanical detection threshold (MDT), mechanical pain threshold (MPT), wind-up ratio (WUR), vibration detection threshold (VDT), and pressure pain threshold (PPT) was performed at skin of mental region and keratinized gingiva of right canine.

Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Quality of Recovery and Electroencephalogram in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Anesthesia management strategies in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are critical to the postoperative quality of recovery (QoR), and changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) associated with anesthesia drugs may play an important role in this process. This study aimed to determine the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on postoperative QoR in elderly TKA patients, and whether there is a correlation with specific EEG changes.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) undergoing elective TKA were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to 0.

Research on calibration transfer methods in coal quality spectral analysis across instruments and coal types.

Background: In coal quality analysis, spectroscopic techniques such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) offer rapid and non-destructive measurements, but differences between instruments and coal types may lead to the failure of established models. Given the complexity of coal, it is important to systematically evaluate the applicability of traditional calibration transfer methods, such as the Slope/Bias (S/B) method and Piecewise Direct Standardization (PDS). Meanwhile, machine learning algorithm such as Domain-Adversarial Neural Networks (DANN), have shown great potential in addressing data distribution differences between source and target domains, offering new possibilities for calibration transfer.

Histone deacetylase 6: a potential therapeutic target for drug development.

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in drug discovery. Aberrant expression of HDAC6 is associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and pathological autoimmune responses. Inhibition of HDAC6 has been extensively investigated for the treatment of multiple diseases, particularly cancer.

The emotional equation: how psychosocial support boosts safety practices in the context of construction 5.0.

Background: Construction 5.0, which emphasizes human-centric technologies and improved collaboration between humans and machines in intelligent construction ecosystems, introduces distinct safety management challenges that necessitate effective emotional resource allocation strategies. This study utilizes job demands-resources theory to investigate how emotional resources are allocated for safety management by examining the relationships among safety practice, psychosocial support, safety participation, and leadership safety behavior.

Visual Congruency of Performers' Movements Enhances Vocal Music Reward through Mu Entrainment.

There is emerging evidence that a performer's body movements may enhance music-induced pleasure. However, the neural mechanism underlying such modulation remains largely unexplored. This study utilized behavioral, psychophysiological and electroencephalographic data collected from 32 listeners (analyzed sample = 31) as they watched and listened to vocal (Mandarin lyrics) and violin performances of pop music videos.

[Early clinical observation of the efficacy of a three-stage traditional Chinese medicine external treatment plan for talus Bone bruises caused by acute ankle sprain].

Objective: To explore the early clinical efficacy of a three-stage external treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of talar bone contusion caused by acute ankle sprain.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 360 patients with primary lateral ankle sprain admitted from September 2021 to July 2024. Patients with talar bone contusion were selected based on MRI examination, and 73 cases were finally included.

Investigation of the toxic mechanism of aspartame on female infertility using network toxicology and molecular docking approaches.

Aspartame is a nonnutritive sweetener derived from phenylalanine and is widely used in food and beverages globally. In recent years, its safety, particularly the potential carcinogenic risks, has garnered significant attention; however, there has been relatively less focus on its potential infertility risks. This study employed network toxicology methods to construct an interaction network of aspartame and infertility-related targets and identify key targets and pathways.

Lipid overload meets S-palmitoylation: a metabolic signalling nexus driving cardiovascular and heart disease.

S-palmitoylation has emerged as a critical integrator of lipid overload and cardiovascular dysfunction. Disordered lipid metabolism inundates endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages with triglyceriderich lipoproteins, oxidized LDL and saturated fatty acids, expanding the intracellular palmitoylCoA pool and perturbing redox balance. Protein Spalmitoylation, the reversible attachment of palmitate to cysteine residues, converts excess palmitoylCoA into broad alterations in signalling and membrane dynamics.

Association between sarcopenia and falls, fractures, hospital readmission, and all-cause mortality in older adults with endocrine disorders: a longitudinal study of aging in China.

Background: To explore whether older adults with sarcopenia are at greater risk for falls, fractures, hospital readmissions, and all-cause mortality compared to those without sarcopenia.

Methods: An elderly population discharged from June 2020 to January 2022 from the Department of Endocrinology of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital was collected. The cohort included patients with various endocrine disorders, primarily type 2 diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction (hypo- and hyperthyroidism), adrenal insufficiency, and metabolic syndrome.

Gene augmentation therapy restores vision and preserves photoreceptors in a mouse model of CNGA1-retinitis pigmentosa.

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a leading cause of blindness affecting 2 million people worldwide. Mutations in cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1 (CNGA1) account for 2-8% of autosomal recessive RP with no available treatment. Here we further evaluate our previously developed Cnga1 mouse model.

Projecting Global Trends and Inequalities in Adult Overweight and Obesity, 2023-2040: Findings From the NCD-RisC Database.

Objective: This study quantifies the global burden of overweight and obesity, projects future trends, and examines associated health inequalities.

Methods: Overweight and obesity burden data were obtained from the NCD-RisC database. Trends from 1990 to 2022 were analyzed, and a Bayesian model was used to project changes for 2023-2040.

Dose-optimised recombinant human thrombopoietin eltrombopag in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: a multicenter, randomised controlled trial (The TE-ITP Study).

Background: Recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) at a fixed dose of 300 U/kg/day for 2 weeks has demonstrated good efficacy and safety in adults with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). This trial aimed to develop a flexible and personalized rhTPO regimen that ensures efficacy and safety beyond previous fixed dose, with eltrombopag as an active comparator.

Methods: The TE-ITP trial was conducted in 12 centers across China.