Integrative blood transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling reveals biomarkers of natural heat tolerance in Holstein cows.

Heat stress poses a major threat to dairy cattle productivity, particularly in high-producing Holstein cows. To identify robust biomarkers of thermotolerance, we employed an integrative strategy combining physiological phenotyping, blood metabolite profiling, and transcriptomic analysis. A total of 120 lactating Holstein cows were evaluated under natural summer heat conditions using rectal temperature, respiratory rate, salivation index, serum HSP70, cortisol, potassium levels, and milk production.

Impact of the Gut Microbiota-Metabolite Axis on Intestinal Fatty Acid Absorption in Huainan Pigs.

The gut microbiota critically influences lipid metabolism and fat deposition in pigs, processes that underpin pork quality preferences and differentiate the meat traits of Chinese indigenous breeds (fat-type) from those of Western commercial breeds (lean-type). To explore the mechanisms underlying breed-specific fatty acid absorption, we compared the rectal and colonic microbiota and metabolite profiles of Huainan and Large White pigs using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. HN pigs exhibited enriched and , along with a significantly higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.

The impact of bundled payment on the economic burden and satisfaction of patients in Close-Knit County Medical Community in China.

Background: China is setting up a Close-Knit County Medical Community (CCMC) to connect county hospitals, township health centers, and village clinics. The medical insurance agency will count the number of insured people in the CCMC area and distribute funds to the community as a whole. Then, the county hospital will work with local health facilities to decide how to use these funds.

Layer-Dependent Effect of Aβ-Pathology on Cortical Microstructure With Ex Vivo Human Brain Diffusion MRI at 7 Tesla.

The laminar-specific distributions of Aβ and Tau deposition in the neocortex of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been established. However, direct evidence about the effect of AD pathology on cortical microstructure is lacking in human studies. We performed high-resolution T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) on 15 ex vivo whole-hemisphere specimens, including eight cases with low AD neuropathologic change, three cases with primary age-related tauopathy (PART), and four healthy controls (HCs).

Urinary formic acid is associated with cerebral amyloid deposition and glucose metabolism in memory clinic patients.

Background: Urinary formic acid (FA) has been reported to be a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the association between FA and pathological changes in memory clinic patients is currently unclear.

Objective: This study aims to investigate associations between FA and pathological changes across different cognitive statuses in memory clinic patients.

Comparative effect of saxagliptin and glimepiride with a composite endpoint of adequate glycaemic control without hypoglycaemia and without weight gain in patients uncontrolled with metformin therapy: Results from the SPECIFY study, a 48-week, multi-centre, randomized, controlled trial.

Aims: To compare the efficacy and safety of saxagliptin and glimepiride in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients who are inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy.

Materials And Methods: In this 48-week, multi-centre, open-label, randomized, parallel trial (NCT02280486, clinicaltrials.gov), a total of 388 T2D patients were randomized 1:1 to saxagliptin or glimepiride groups.

Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Is an Independent Risk Factor for Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the association between cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: 315 type 2 diabetes patients from inpatients of Drum Tower Hospital were included and classified into no CAN (NCAN), possible CAN (PCAN), and definite CAN (DCAN) based on cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests. The left ventricular diastolic function was assessed by tissue Doppler imaging echocardiography.

M2 macrophages induce EMT through the TGF-β/Smad2 signaling pathway.

IPF is characterized by fibroblast accumulation, collagen deposition, and ECM remodeling, with myofibroblasts believed to be the effector cell type. Myofibroblasts develop due to EMT of lung alveolar epithelial cells, which can be induced by TGF-β. M2 macrophages, a macrophage subpopulation, secrete large amounts of TGF-β.