Pharmacogenomic analysis of low-density lipoprotein receptor 3' untranslated region genetic variants influencing rosuvastatin efficacy in Chinese dyslipidemia patients.

Objectives: Dyslipidemia is a crucial risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although rosuvastatin is widely used, treatment response varies significantly due to genetic variation. This study investigated the pharmacogenomic impact of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) 3' untranslated region (UTR) variants on rosuvastatin efficacy in a Chinese Han adult cohort with dyslipidemia.

Influence of Hip Prosthesis Position on Postoperative Gait After Primary THA in Patients With Unilateral Femoral Head Necrosis.

To investigate the effect of hip component position on gait after primary THA in patients with unilateral femoral head necrosis. A total of 40 patients underwent primary THA due to unilateral femoral head osteonecrosis were enrolled in this study. The gait data and CT images of the hip and knee joints were obtained before and 3 months after operation.

The role of psychological stress in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated dermatosis characterized by systemic inflammation and multifactorial pathogenesis. Among its many triggers, psychological stress has emerged as a pivotal yet underappreciated contributor to disease onset and exacerbation. Although the pathomechanisms by which psychological stress is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis are not clear, evidence suggests a regulatory role of psychologic stress in immune functions, including increasing expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and decreasing anti-inflammatory cytokines and the function of glucocorticoid receptors, possibly in part via activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-corticosteroids axis.

Safety and efficacy of GST-HG141, a novel HBV capsid assembly modulator, for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viremia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase II study.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major global health challenge with no curative therapies. Approximately 15-40% of patients treated with current standard-of-care antiviral therapies such as nucleos(t)ide analogs (NUCs), including entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir (TDF/TAF), fail to fully suppress serum HBV DNA, resulting in persistent low-level viremia (LLV), which is associated with increased risks of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. GST-HG141, a novel HBV capsid assembly modulator, previously demonstrated favorable safety and antiviral activity in a Phase Ib study, offering a promising approach for LLV management in CHB patients.

Association of microtubule-based processes gene expression with immune microenvironment and its predictive value for drug response in oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Objective: The development of acquired endocrine resistance and reduced chemosensitivity in oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer presents significant challenges. Microtubule-based process-related genes (MBPRGs) play essential biological roles in the cell cycle and the development of migration. This study aimed to establish a novel prognostic signature based on MBPRGs to improve patient outcomes and offer additional treatment options for those with ER+ breast cancer.

Preoperative Stand-Alone Intraosseous Cefuroxime in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Trial Demonstrating Superior Tissue Concentrations and Improved Efficiency.

Background: Intraosseous regional administration (IORA) of vancomycin for preventing infection in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) achieves high local tissue concentrations and enhances efficacy when combined with intravenous cephalosporins. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of standalone intraosseous cefuroxime for TKA infection prophylaxis and determined its optimal dose.

Methods: There were 30 primary TKA patients divided into three groups: intraosseous administration of 750 mg cefuroxime (C750 group), intraosseous administration of 1,500 mg cefuroxime (C1500 group), and intravenous administration of 1,500 mg cefuroxime (C1500 group).

Mid-Infrared Emission Dynamics of InAs Nanowire Lasers.

Picosecond mid-infrared (MIR) emissions from wurtzite indium arsenide (InAs) nanowire lasers were observed with time-resolved emission measurements based on a wavelength up-conversion technique. The nanowires exhibited an abrupt increase in the emission intensity at a pump fluence threshold of 53 μJ cm/pulse. Below the threshold, the MIR emissions were characterized by a broad spectrum with a center wavelength of 2.

Analysis of the Digestion Dynamics and Dietary Risk Assessment of Fluridone in Cotton Fields via QuEChERS Coupled with HPLC.

Fluridone is a pyrrolidone soil-sealing herbicide that has been widely used in cotton fields in Xinjiang in recent years. The purpose of this study was to establish a method for determining fluridone residues in cotton fields and to perform residue digestion tests, final residue analysis, and dietary risk assessment. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified with primary secondary amine (PSA) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Diabetes is causally associated with increased breast cancer mortality by inducing FIBCD1 to activate MCM5-mediated cell cycle arrest via modulating H3K27ac.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor worldwide and it has been recognized that up to one third of BC patients have co-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) (BC-DM). Although many observational studies have indicated an association between DM and BC, the causal relationship of DM and BC prognosis remained uncertain and the molecular mechanisms underlying BC-DM are largely unclear. In this study, we used causal inference methods, including g-computation (GC), inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE), and TMLE-super learner (TMLE-SL), to comprehensively analyze the association of DM with BC mortality in a cohort of 3386 BC patients.

Comparison of superior ophthalmic vein approach and inferior petrosal sinus recanalization in the treatment of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CS-DAVFs) present significant treatment challenges when the inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) is not opacified during cerebral angiography. The consistently visible superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) offers a promising alternative, though it has yet to be fully evaluated in large-scale studies.

Methods: This retrospective, case-control study was conducted between May 2017 and October 2024.

Pyridostigmine improves post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a rat model of ventricular fibrillation-induced cardiac arrest and resuscitation.

Background: Post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction is one of the major causes of death in post-cardiac arrest patients. Pyridostigmine (PYR) shows protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury following myocardial infarction and left heart failure by improving autonomic nervous function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose pyridostigmine on post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction.

Implicating Ultrasonication and Heat-Moisture Treatments as a Green and Eco-Friendly Approach for Dual Physical Modification of Starch to Improve Its Physico-Chemical and Functional Properties.

Dual-physical modification is an eco-friendly and waste-free approach for enhancing the functionality of native starches compared with a single modification. In the present study, the individual and combined interrelating effects of hydrothermal (heat moisture (HM) with 15%, 20%, and 25% moisture) and non-thermal (ultrasonication (US) with 200, 400, and 600 power (W)) on the physical modification of (Chinese water chestnut (CWCS)) starch were studied. Furthermore, their effects on the morphology, FTIR, XRD, crystallinity, thermal, pasting, swelling power, solubility, rheological characteristics, and in vitro digestibility of native and modified starches were investigated.

Identification of key genes and development of an identifying machine learning model for sepsis.

Objective And Design: This study aims to identify key genes of sepsis and construct a model for sepsis identification through integrated multi-organ single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and machine learning.

Material Or Subjects: Datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE207363, GSE207651, GSE185263, GSE69063 and GSE134347) were used.

Methods: ScRNA-seq data extracted from heart (GSE207363) and lung tissues (GSE207651) of septic mice were processed and analyzed using the Seurat package in R.

Unveiling immune mechanisms and potential biomarkers in intervertebral disc degeneration through integrated analysis.

Immune regulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, the mechanism of immune regulation in IDD is still unclear. All IDD data were downloaded from a public database.

Rogue waves: Theory, methods, and applications-30 years after the Draupner wave.

Rogue waves (RWs) are unexpectedly high-amplitude, transient displacements on top of an otherwise tranquil background. While oceanic RWs were known to sailors for nearly a century, the first scientific measurements occurred at an offshore platform in the North Sea in 1995 (the Draupner wave). In 2007, optical RWs were observed in optical fibers.

Optimizing nitrogen application frequency to enhance the post-flowering matter accumulation, yield and water/nitrogen use efficiency of densely planted and drip-irrigated maize.

Background: Maize yield stability is crucial for China's national food security. Conventional irrigation and nitrogen application methods have problems like low yield, inefficiency and environmental pollution. Optimizing water/fertilizer management is therefore imperative.

Leveraging GPT-4o for Automated Extraction of Neural Projections from Scientific Literature.

Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major cause of death for epilepsy patients having uncontrolled seizures. Understanding the complex neural circuits within the central nervous system is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying cardiorespiratory regulation, particularly in the context of SUDEP. This study explores the potential of GPT-4o, a cutting-edge language model, to automate the extraction of neural projections from scientific literature.

Antifungal activity and potential inhibition mechanism of 4-(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde against Rhizoctonia solani.

Rhizoctonia solani is a significant soil-borne pathogenic fungus that poses a significant threat to the economically important agricultural crops. 4-(Diethylamino)salicylaldehyde (DSA) is a secondary metabolite produced by Streptomyces sp. KN37, which has antifungal activity, meanwhile its inhibitory mechanism is still unclear.

Targeting USP47 enhances immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma by destabilizing PD-L1.

Background: Substantial clinical benefits have been achieved in the realm of immunotherapies for HCC by focusing on the interaction between PD-1/PD-L1. Nevertheless, just about 20 % of patients with HCC exhibited signs of measurable clinical improvement from PD-1 or PD-L1 blockade alone. Since the PD-L1 level is critical to influencing efficacy, it is urgent to gain an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms controlling PD-L1 protein expression promptly.

Effect of simple vs. extended cholecystectomy on prognosis of T1b gallbladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Extended cholecystectomy (EC) is recommended for T1b gallbladder cancer (GBC), but the optimal surgical procedure for T1b GBC remains controversial. This study aims to compare the prognosis of T1b GBC patients who underwent simple cholecystectomy (SC) vs. EC from a long-term survival perspective.

Regulation of proenzyme activation and metabolic engineering for protein-glutaminase production in Bacillus subtilis.

The protein-glutaminase (PG, EC 3.5.1.

Optimizing Medication Querying Using Ontology-Driven Approach with OMOP: with an application to a large-scale COVID-19 EHR dataset.

Efficient querying for medication information in Electronic Health Record (EHR) datasets is crucial for effective patient care and clinical research. To address the complexity and data volume challenges involved in efficient medication information retrieval, we propose an ontology-driven medication query (ODMQ) optimization approach, leveraging the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM). Integrating semantic ontology structures from the OMOP CDM can help enhance query accuracy and efficiency by broadening the scope of relevant medication terms like drug names, National Drug Codes, and generics, resulting in more comprehensive query outcomes than traditional methods.

A Web-based Interface for Visualizing and Documenting SEEG Strategic Planning (WISP): Development and Qualitative Evaluation.

WISP stands as an efficacious solution to the challenges associated with Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) strategic planning, offering lightweight and interactive web interfaces for rendering multiple brain views. These interfaces facilitate collaborative engagement among care team members across various disciplines during patient case conferences and SEEG strategic planning sessions. Moreover, WISP incorporates a collaborative electrode and electrode group library, serving as a standardized repository of knowledge.