The comparison of the prognostic value of different inflammation-related indicators in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prognostic significance of inflammation markers for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and sought to analyze the reasons behind it and its value for clinical guidance.

Methods: This study enrolled 624 patients with OSCC who were surgically treated in our hospital. Clinical baseline data and peripheral blood routine/biochemical parameters were collected within 1 week before surgery.

A Novel CHRM3-Driven Preclinical Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder that significantly reduces patients' quality of life. However, current animal models have limitations in replicating the complex pathophysiology of IBS. In this study, we successfully developed a mouse model by mating intestinal epithelium-specific Cre tool mice with chemically modified human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 (hCHRM3) mice, resulting in specific expression of the hCHRM3 in the intestinal epithelial cells.

Multifunctional Sulfalene additive regulates crystallization dynamics toward inverted perovskite solar cells with enhanced efficiency and stability.

The uncontrolled rapid crystallization inherent in one-step solution process for perovskite films preparation often results in poor crystalline quality and compromised stability, presenting a major obstacle to achieving high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To overcome this challenge, we propose a multifunctional additive strategy employing Sulfalene (SL), a sulfonyl-based molecule with dual π-conjugated rings, to precisely regulate crystallization dynamics and produce a high-quality crystalline perovskite film. Experimental results show that the electron-rich oxygen atoms in SL form robust coordination bonds with undercoordinated Pb, effectively modulating crystallization dynamics and extending the crystallization process.

Pulse wave-driven machine learning for the non-invasive assessment of coronary artery calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis.

Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) represents a major cardiovascular risk in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Given that radial artery pulse waveforms can reflect vascular status, this study aimed to evaluate their utility in the non-invasive assessment of CAC severity.

Methods: 58 patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis were enrolled.

Neurodevelopmentally rooted epicenters in schizophrenia: sensorimotor-association spatial axis of cortical thickness alterations.

Pathological disturbances in schizophrenia have been suggested to propagate via the functional and structural connectome across the lifespan. However, how the connectome guides early cortical reorganization of developing schizophrenia remains unknown. Here, we used early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) as a neurodevelopmental disease model to investigate putative early pathologic origins propagating through the functional and structural connectome.

Broadband photon-counting dual-comb spectroscopy with attowatt sensitivity over turbulent optical paths.

Photon-counting dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) opens new possibilities for deploying DCS in scenarios previously constrained by limited detection sensitivity. However, inevitable optical path fluctuations hinder its practical implementation. Here, we propose a method to ensure the long-term stability of photon-counting DCS, overcoming turbulent optical paths, achieving attowatt-level detection sensitivity and quick acquisition times.

Effect of neoadjuvant targeted therapy on the tumor microenvironment in resectable lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Neoadjuvant targeted therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The analysis of the immune status of tumor microenvironment (TME) after targeted therapies is crucial for understanding the impact of targeted therapy on the TME and providing a basis for synergistic therapeutic approaches.

Methods: Forty-two patients with resectable lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were enrolled in this study, and multiplex immunofluorescence technology was used to explore the immune status of the TME after neoadjuvant targeted therapies.

Genetically modified CD19-targeting IL-15 secreting NK cells for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objectives: Given the efficacy of B-cell depletion therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treatment and the capacity of engineered natural killer (NK) cells in B-cell elimination, we explored the potential of genetically modified NK cells to target CD19 for the treatment of SLE.

Methods: Peripheral blood-derived NK cells were engineered with CAR.CD19/interleukin (IL)-15 (XB-19.

Associated transcription factors of allergic rhinitis: SP1 aggravates nasal epithelial barrier damage.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a respiratory airway disorder characterized by inflammation and barrier dysfunction. The transcription factor specificity protein 1 (SP1), a member of the Sp/Krüppel-like factor family, is known to be associated with inflammation. This study aimed to explore the impacts of SP1 on AR.

Development of Benchmark Curves to Early Detect Health-Related Productivity Deviations Using Production Indicators in Swine Nursery and Finishing Lots.

The nursery and finishing phases are critical for profitability and sustainability in swine production, but effective methods for early disease detection in these stages remain underdeveloped. This study used routinely collected production indicators from nursery (42-56 days postfarrowing) and finishing lots (115-120 days postfarrowing) to create production benchmark curves for anomaly detection. These curves were developed for farms without diagnosed health challenges and compared to those with diagnosed health issues, based on tissue submissions and diagnostic codes (Dx codes).

Comparative studies of the NO impacts on the photooxidation mechanisms of isomeric monoterpenes of β-pinene and limonene.

It is highly challenging to precisely compare the impacts of anthropogenic pollutants on the photooxidation of isomeric volatile organic compounds with respect to molecular compositions and particle number/mass concentrations of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). In this study, we conducted a series of well-defined indoor chamber experiments to compare the effects of NO (NO and NO) on the photooxidation of isomeric monoterpenes of β-pinene and limonene. For the photooxidation of β-pinene with NO, the increase of the initial concentrations of NO ([NO]) shows a monotonous suppression of the particle mass concentration, whereas the increase of [NO] shows a monotonous enhancement of the particle mass concentration.

Unlocking growth potential in Wenchang chickens: A 21 K genotyping array for trait-associated structural variations.

In recent years, the poultry industry has embraced genome-wide assisted breeding techniques for broiler production, focusing primarily on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, the potential of genomic structural variations (SVs) in broiler traits remains largely unexplored due to cost and technology limitations. We developed a new chicken 21 K SV genotyping array and assessed its performance on 303 Wenchang chickens.

Mechanism of CaCO3 efficiently promoting hydrogen production by Clostridium butyricum BJ-10.

Aims: This study aims to explore the effect of adding CaCO3 on the hydrogen production by the fermentation of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) BJ-10 and the mechanism of promoting hydrogen production by C. butyricum.

Safety and efficacy of GST-HG141, a novel HBV capsid assembly modulator, for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viremia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase II study.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major global health challenge with no curative therapies. Approximately 15-40% of patients treated with current standard-of-care antiviral therapies such as nucleos(t)ide analogs (NUCs), including entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir (TDF/TAF), fail to fully suppress serum HBV DNA, resulting in persistent low-level viremia (LLV), which is associated with increased risks of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. GST-HG141, a novel HBV capsid assembly modulator, previously demonstrated favorable safety and antiviral activity in a Phase Ib study, offering a promising approach for LLV management in CHB patients.

Trehalose supplementation ameliorates heat stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress and modulating gut microbiota in mice.

Heat stress (HS) compromises intestinal barrier integrity and microbiota homeostasis. Trehalose, a nonreducing disaccharide, is well known as a molecular chaperone to prevent protein misfolding under stress. However, whether trehalose supplementation can affect intestinal barrier integrity and microbiota under HS remains unknown.

34.3 W, 172 µJ, 1342 nm picosecond master oscillator power amplifier.

A high-power, high-energy 1342 nm picosecond Nd:YVO master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) laser system was demonstrated, comprising a SESAM mode-locked oscillator, a regenerative amplifier, and four main amplification stages consisting of two double-pass amplifiers and two single-pass amplifiers. Low-doping Nd:YVO crystals with undoped end caps, combined with 880 nm laser diode in-band pumping technique, were used to mitigate thermal effects. A pulse energy as high as 710 µJ at 10 kHz was obtained from the regenerative amplifier.

Genome-wide identification of family genes in sweet potato ( L.) and their expression patterns under abiotic stress.

GATAs, a type of zinc finger protein transcription factors, can bind to DNA regulatory regions to control the expression of target genes, thereby affecting plant growth and development under normal conditions or environmental stress. However, the gene family has not been identified in sweet potato. In this study, a total of 35, 33, 34, 39, 63, and 56 genes were identified in sweet potato, , , , , and , respectively.

A colorimetric DNAzyme biosensor based on G-triplex/hemin for detecting ofloxacin in food.

Ofloxacin, a synthetic antimicrobial drug, exhibits significant therapeutic potential in combating various bacterial infections. The exploration of ofloxacin's antimicrobial properties and the unique catalytic activity of G-triplex(G3) DNAzymes demonstrate the continuous efforts to develop cutting-edge biosensors for bacterial detection. G3 outperforms G4 due to a short, easily generated and dissociated sequence, which allows G3 multimeric sequences to fold more accurately than G4 ones of equivalent length, resulting in higher activity for the formed G3/hemin.

Creating Extrinsic Self-Trapped Excitons by Isoelectronic Doping for Lead-Free High-Efficiency Light Emission and High-Performance X-ray Scintillators.

Metal-ion doping has been widely employed to enhance light emission from self-trapped excitons (STEs) in metal halide perovskites. However, the literature often fails to clearly differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic STEs. In this work, we demonstrate an exemplary extrinsic STE and identify its characteristics through experimental signatures and first-principles calculations.

Mitigating organophosphate nerve agent, soman (GD), induced long-term neurotoxicity: Saracatinib, a Src Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, as a potential countermeasure.

Background: Acute exposure to soman (GD), an organophosphate nerve agent (OPNA), irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE), induces seizures, and could be fatal if not treated immediately. Existing medical countermeasures (MCMs- atropine, oximes, and benzodiazepines) mitigate the acute life-threatening cholinergic symptoms but have limited protection against long-term neurological consequences in survivors. This indicates a need for an effective adjunct therapy to mitigate cognitive, behavioral, and brain pathology associated with OPNA exposure.

Plumbagin Triggers Cuproptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) via the DNA-Methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)/microRNA-302a-3p (miR-302a-3p)/ATPase Copper Transporting Beta (ATP7B) Axis.

Induction of cuproptosis in tumor cells is an emerging direction for cancer drug development. Plumbagin (PLB), a natural biological molecule, has anticancer activities, partially via copper-dependent mechanisms. But it remains unclear if PLB can induce cuproptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Lipidomic analyses reveal the dysregulation of oxidized fatty acids (OxFAs) and acyl-carnitines (CARs) in major depressive disorder: a case-control study.

Background: Growing data indicated that individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) had widespread inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysregulation. The objective of our study was to detect alterations in lipids of individuals with MDD, with the ultimate aim of developing potential biomarkers that may contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of MDD.

Methods: The current study was a single-center cross-sectional case-control design.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 inhibits sugar and anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry fruit.

Light strongly affects strawberry fruit quality. The ubiquitin E3 ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) negatively regulates light signaling. However, its role in fruit quality remains unclear.

Targeted subcellular localization of a novel fungicidal compound N-(naphthalen-1-yl) phenazine-1-carboxamide inhibiting Rhizoctonia solani.

N-(naphthalen-1-yl) phenazine-1-carboxamide (NNPCN) is a novel phenazine derivative that can inhibit Rhizoctonia solani. However, the molecular target of NNPCN is unclear. We constructed a fluorescent marker and a polyclonal antibody for NNPCN and used fluorescent labeling, immune fluorescence, and an immune colloidal gold technique to conduct subcellular localization of the target of NNPCN on R.

Dual Cross-image Semantic Consistency with Self-aware Pseudo Labeling for Semi-supervised Medical Image Segmentation.

Semi-supervised learning has proven highly effective in tackling the challenge of limited labeled training data in medical image segmentation. In general, current approaches, which rely on intra-image pixel-wise consistency training via pseudo-labeling, overlook the consistency at more comprehensive semantic levels (e.g.