[Research progress in pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetics of geniposidic acid].

Geniposidic acid(GA), a natural iridoid, exists in the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, bark, fruits, and seeds of medicinal plants of Rubiaceae, Eucommiaceae, and Plantaginaceae. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed that GA has multiple pharmacological activities, including organ-protective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-osteoporosis, anti-neurodegenerative, and anti-cardiovascular effects. GA can enhance cell/organism defenses by upregulating key anti-inflammatory and antioxidant cytokines, while downregulating key node proteins in pro-inflammatory signaling pathways such as AhR and TLR4/MyD88, thereby exerting pharmacological effects such as organ protection.

Pulse wave-driven machine learning for the non-invasive assessment of coronary artery calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis.

Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) represents a major cardiovascular risk in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Given that radial artery pulse waveforms can reflect vascular status, this study aimed to evaluate their utility in the non-invasive assessment of CAC severity.

Methods: 58 patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis were enrolled.

Study on the Influence of Ultrafast Laser Welding Parameters on Glass Bonding Performance.

Glass enjoys a wide range of applications thanks to its superior optical properties and chemical stability. Conventional glass bonding techniques suffer from low efficiency, limited precision, and high cost. Moreover, for multilayer glass bonding, repeated alignment is often required, further complicating the process.

Retinal proteomic analysis reveals ON/OFF visual stimulation-specific changes in a Guinea pig myopia model.

This study aimed to explore the effect of artificial dynamic ON/OFF stimulation on the development of myopia and associated retinal proteomic changes in guinea pigs, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Myopia was induced in one eye of guinea pigs using -4 diopters lenses, with the other eye used as the untreated control. 53 guinea pigs were randomly given balanced ON/OFF (natural control, NC), ON, or OFF stimulation for 7 days.

Magnetic Proximity Induced Giant Enhancement of Valley Polarization and Zeeman Splitting in WS/FeGaTe Heterostructures.

Substrate engineering offers a powerful approach to tailoring quasiparticle interactions in two-dimensional (2D) materials for valley-quantum devices. Here, a significantly enhanced valley polarization of 67% has been observed in a WS monolayer on a thin FeGaTe (FGT) layer under far-off resonant excitation at 10 K, which is much higher than that of 16% detected from WS monolayer. This enhancement is attributed to the magnetic proximity effect, which leads to a shorter exciton lifetime in the heterostructure without affecting the valley scattering time.

Elastic-Plastic Analysis of Asperity Based on Wave Function.

This paper proposes an improved wave function asperity elastic-plastic model. A cosine function that could better fit the geometric morphology was selected to construct the asperity, the elastic phase was controlled by the Hertz contact theory, the elastoplastic transition phase was corrected by the hyperbolic tangent function, and the fully plastic phase was improved by the projected area theory. The model broke through the limitations of the spherical assumption and was able to capture the stress concentration and plastic flow phenomena.

Across ice-water-air visible light communications.

Visible light communication (VLC) technology has gained significant attention due to its abundant spectrum resources and high channel capacity for future LiFi and underwater optical wireless communication applications in the 6 G era. Aiming at ubiquitous wireless communication, the study of VLC across different media becomes an important research topic. In particular, the optical wireless communication in ice remains limited.

Beyond 50 Gbps 100 m visible light laser communication single-transmitter-multi-receiver system utilizing triple branch neural network.

In the forthcoming 6 G communication era, traditional electromagnetic spectra are increasingly inadequate to meet growing demands. Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology offers a promising high-speed solution due to its flexible deployment and cost-effectiveness. However, long-distance VLC applications are challenged by factors such as atmospheric turbulence and nonlinear distortions.

Optimizing whey isolate protein/mung bean protein ratios in emulsion gels for enhanced dihydroquercetin delivery: Gel properties, stability, and bioaccessibility insights.

To address the low bioavailability of dihydroquercetin (DHQ) and environmental burden of animal-derived proteins, this study prepared a novel dual-protein emulsion gel system combining whey protein isolate (WPI) and mung bean protein (MBP) for improved DHQ delivery. Different WPI/MBP ratios (100/0 to 0/100) were investigated for gel properties, stability, and DHQ bioaccessibility. Increasing WPI enhanced gel elasticity, water holding capacity, viscosity, and network density.

The association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and prognostic nutritional index with the development to chronic critical illness and their prognosis.

Background: The association between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and chronic critical illness (CCI) is unclear. We aimed to explore the association between NLR and PNI with CCI and whether it could be used as a tool for risk stratification in such patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database.

Enhanced Production of Santalols by Engineering the Cytochrome P450 Enzyme to the Peroxisomal Surface in Yeast.

Cytochrome P450 enzymes are crucial for producing complex plant natural products (PNPs), but their expression and activity in heterologous systems are often limited. This study explores subcellular engineering to improve PNPs production by synthesizing (Z)-santalols─high-value components of sandalwood oil─in GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) . By directing the mevalonate pathway and sandalwood oil biosynthesis enzymes to peroxisomes using the ePTS1 peptide, we increased total santalene and (Z)-santalol titer by 5.

Engineered red blood cell extracellular vesicles for delivery of Dox and siIDO1 enhance targeted chemo-immunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: As a malignancy of hematopoietic origin, the standard-of-care cytoreductive chemotherapy can not provide satisfactory treatment effect for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Immunotherapy has received increasing attention in leukemia treatment. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment and low cancer immunogenicity of AML blasts create major obstacles to effectively inducing immune responses.

Machine learning-based risk prediction models for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a high-altitude cohort study.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a significant cause of morbidity in preterm infants, yet its development and severity at high altitudes (>1500 m) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify altitude-specific risk factors and develop robust, interpretable predictive models for BPD in this unique population.

Methods: In this retrospective matched cohort study, 378 preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation, <1500 g birth weight) admitted to a high-altitude (1500 m) NICU(Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) between 2019 and 2023 were analysed.

Effects of protein fortifiers on physicochemical and sensory properties of set yogurt supplemented with ginseng extract.

The combination of ginseng and dairy products offers promising potential for novel functional foods. This study aimed to investigate the effects of whey protein isolate (WPI) and sodium caseinate (SC) on the physicochemical and sensory properties of set yogurt supplemented with ginseng extract (GE) at different concentrations (0.25%-1%, wt/vol).

-Phosphinoylaminophthalimide: a phosphinoyl radical precursor applied in phosphinoyl-substituted phenanthridine and ketone synthesis.

A new phosphinoyl radical precursor, -phosphinoylaminophthalimide (PAPI), was developed. The precursor exhibits several practical advantages: facile synthesis from commercially available starting materials, cost-effectiveness at scale, and excellent air and moisture stability under ambient storage conditions. Phosphinoyl radical was generated under basic and oxidative conditions, and captured by isonitrile and olefin, yielding phosphinoyl-substituted phenanthridines and α-phosphinoyl ketones, respectively.

Synthesis of Furan-Tethered Benzocyclobutenes via Protonic Acid-Catalyzed 1,4-Sulfinate Migration-Annulation.

A protonic acid-catalyzed cascade of conjugated enynones was realized for synthesizing multisubstituted furans containing benzocyclobutene with high yields and simple procedures. Employing inexpensive sulfanilic acid as a catalyst, this method features a key 1,4-sulfinate migration and avoids the use of transition metal catalysts. Substrates that are unreactive under metal-mediated catalysis are applicable due to proton transfer processes.

Seamless optical cloud computing across edge-metro network for generative AI.

The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years has profoundly reshaped modern lifestyles, necessitating a revolutionary architecture to support the growing demands for computational power. Cloud computing has become the driving force behind this transformation. However, it consumes significant power and faces computation security risks due to the reliance on extensive data centers and servers in the cloud.

Tailored Extracellular Vesicles from Dental Stem Cells: Advances in Specific Modifications for Enhanced Therapeutic Applications.

Extracellular vesicles(EVs) derived from dental stem cells have emerged as a key focus in regenerative medicine, owing to their remarkable ability to promote tissue repair and regeneration. Recent advancements revealed that targeted modifications can significantly boost their functional properties, creating new possibilities for the regeneration field. This article provides an overview of the most recent progress in EVs derived from dental stem cells research, with a particular emphasis on diverse engineering strategies such as genetic, chemical, and physical techniques, and their role in enhancing therapeutic performance.

Periplocin induces necroptosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma through DR4 mediated RIPK3 and MLKL signaling.

Periplocin, a tumor-inhibitory compound derived from Cortex periploca, was investigated for its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential against human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation. BCPAP/TPC-1 cells were treated with periplocin ± necrostatin-1 (a necroptosis inhibitor) or Z-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone (an apoptosis inhibitor). Cell proliferation was assessed using the cell counting kit 8/real-time cell analysis assay.

A PHR transcription factor-directed gene network reveals key regulators of phosphate metabolism and starvation responses in tomato.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plants, and its scarcity, especially in the form of soluble phosphate (Pi), induces phosphate starvation responses (PSRs). Our research delves into the molecular mechanisms that regulate tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant adaptation to Pi deficiency, highlighting the role of 2 PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE (PHR) transcription factors, SlPHR3 and SlPHR4, as central regulators of Pi metabolism and related developmental/physiological processes, particularly PSRs. Notably, our investigation into the SlPHR3- and SlPHR4-regulated transcriptional network led to the discovery of 3 previously unidentified regulators of Pi metabolism and PSRs: SlGRAS47, SlBHLH48, and SlMYB28.

Dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to local anesthetic mixture in erector spinae plane block combined with serratus anterior plane block for thoracoscopic surgery: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine in erector spinae plane block combined with serratus anterior plane block for thoracoscopic postoperative analgesia.

Methods: Ninety-six patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery were randomly divided into group R (0.375% ropivacaine + saline diluted to 40 mL), group RS (0.

NRF2 maintains redox balance via ME1 and NRF2 inhibitor synergizes with venetoclax in NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutations represents a distinct subtype of leukemia. Emerging evidence suggests that regulation of redox metabolism contributes to tumorigenesis and reveals a metabolic vulnerability in anti-tumor therapies. However, the role of redox homeostasis between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant systems plays in NPM1-mutated AML has not been fully elucidated.

Solvent-Mediated Synthesis of Small-Sized Perovskite Quantum Dots for a Color-Enhanced Micro-LED Display.

Perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) have garnered significant attention as new-generation color-conversion materials for potential applications in microlight-emitting-diode (micro-LED)-based display devices. However, they still face challenges in achieving uniform size synthesis and ultrahigh color conversion efficiency. Here, all-inorganic PeQDs with uniform size and excellent stability were achieved through an optimized solvent-mediated synthesis using dodecyl acrylate (DA).

Precise nanoscale fabrication technologies, the "last mile" of medicinal development.

Nanotechnologies seek to overcome inherent deficiencies of conventional diagnosis and treatment, which attracted sustained attention and a limited number of nanomedicines approved by the FDA. However, the critical gaps in clinical translation remain, and nanomedicines that were initially heralded as magic bullets have yet to reach their realistic potential. The major obstacles of fabrication technologies may be overlooked in the nanoparticles' journey.

A comprehensive examination of the impact of environmental pollution on lung cancer: A review.

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with environmental factors playing critical roles in its development and progression. Respirable and food-borne contaminants are major contributors to lung cancer onset, influencing various physiological pathways that lead to lung injury and tumor formation.

Aim Of Review: This review aims to examine the effects of common environmental pollutants on lung cancer development, highlighting the role of specific contaminants, such as PM2.