Impact of schizophrenia-associated risk genes on brain functional networks and executive deficits: a study of individuals with schizophrenia and genetic high risk.

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) and genetic high-risk (GHR) individuals exhibit deficits in brain functional networks and cognitive function, potentially impacted by SCZ risk genes. This study aims to delineate these impairments in SCZ and GHR individuals, and further explore how risk genes affect brain networks and executive function.

Methods: A total sample size of 292 participants (100 SCZ, 68 GHR, and 124 healthy controls [HCs]) in the study.

Beyond 50 Gbps 100 m visible light laser communication single-transmitter-multi-receiver system utilizing triple branch neural network.

In the forthcoming 6 G communication era, traditional electromagnetic spectra are increasingly inadequate to meet growing demands. Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology offers a promising high-speed solution due to its flexible deployment and cost-effectiveness. However, long-distance VLC applications are challenged by factors such as atmospheric turbulence and nonlinear distortions.

Downregulation of AdipoR1 in the hippocampus impairs synaptic function and structure and causes depression-like behavior.

Previous studies have indicated that impaired synaptic plasticity is a main pathological alteration in depression. However, the mechanism underlying this pathological change has not been clarified. Adiponectin, an adipokine, crosses the blood‒brain barrier to function in specific brain regions.

Neurobiological subtypes of adolescent depression: a multimodal integration of morphometric similarity network and spatial transcriptomics.

Adolescent major depressive disorder (AMDD) is a heterogeneous condition with rising global prevalence and limited treatment efficacy. This study integrates morphometric similarity networks (MSN) and spatial transcriptomics to identify neurobiologically distinct AMDD subtypes and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Using the HYDRA algorithm, we delineate two subtypes: AMDD1, characterized by reduced MSN strength in frontoparietal networks, heightened impulsivity, and preserved cognition; and AMDD2, marked by elevated MSN strength in limbic-visual circuits, severe emotional dysregulation, and rumination.

TAF15 mediates ROP16-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in lung cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the interaction between ROP16 and TAF15 on apoptosis and cell cycle regulation in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Methods: Lentivirus-infected A549 cells which could overexpress type I, II, and III ROP16, along with an empty vector control group, were established. Potential interacting proteins with ROP16 were identified by using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

The impact of physical activity on subjective well-being in college students: the mediating role of rumination and the moderating role of behavioral activation/inhibition systems.

This study investigates how physical activity (PA) impacts subjective well-being (SWB) in college students, focusing on the novel mediating role of rumination and the moderating effects of the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS). A cross-sectional survey design was employed, with 1,079 college students participating. Using the SPSS PROCESS macro, the study analyzed the mediating effect of rumination and the moderating role of BAS and BIS.

An injectable triple-responsive chitosan-based hydrogel encapsulating QCT-Cu self-assembled nanoparticles accelerating diabetic wound healing via remodeling the local microenvironment.

The healing process of diabetic wounds is notably impeded due to reduced cellular functions, impaired vascularization, and persistent malignant inflammation, posing a significant obstacle in clinical management. Herein, a novel injectable multifunctional composite hydrogel (CMCSMF/QCT-Cu) with photo-/glucose-/ROS-responsivity was fabricated for enhancing diabetic wound healing which could be adapted to the local irregular anatomical shape as well as the microenvironment of high glucose and oxidative stress. Furthermore, experimental evidence has demonstrated that the CMCSMF/QCT-Cu composite hydrogel displays superior mechanical properties, with a storage modulus exceeding 700 Pa and an average adhesion strength of approximately 12.

The role of LINGO-1 in regulating CB1R/TrkB signalling and GABAergic interneurons in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.

Leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing nogo receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1) is a neuronal system-specific transmembrane protein that is highly expressed in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and our previous findings showed that LINGO-1 antagonism can improve cognitive function and protect hippocampal GABAergic interneurons in AD model mice. However, the specific mechanism underlying these effects is not clear. In this study, an adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to directly interfere with hippocampal LINGO-1 in vivo, and LINGO-1 antagonists, cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) agonists, and CB1R antagonists were used to treat mouse hippocampal neurons (HT22 neurons) in vitro.

miR-181a-5p mediates the effects of BMP4 on intestinal cell proliferation and differentiation.

The intestinal mucosa undergoes a dynamic process of continual proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Delineating the mechanisms involved in intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) differentiation is crucial to our understanding of not only normal gut adaptation but also aberrant intestinal growth. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is a pivotal regulator of intestinal proliferation and differentiation.

Predictive Value of Preoperative Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax) in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of preoperative maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and GLUT-1 expression in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Medical records of patients who were diagnosed with AGC between 2018 and 2020 at Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University (Shanghai, China) were retrospectively analyzed. Finally, 182 patients were enrolled, and for each patient, SUVmax was calculated for the primary lesion on PET/CT prior to curative surgery.

Voluntary wheel exercise improves learning and memory impairment caused by hippocampal Hb-α deficiency by reducing microglial activation and reversing synaptic damage.

Decreased hemoglobin (Hb) levels in peripheral blood may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hb-α is a monomeric form of Hb that exists in the central nervous system. Our previous RNA sequencing results revealed a decrease in the expression of the Hb-α gene in the hippocampus of AD model mice.

Multi-kilometer visible light communication utilizing nonlinearity-adaptive hybrid probabilistic-geometric shaping.

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a high rate-distance product visible light communication (VLC) system based on nonlinearity-adaptive hybrid probabilistic-geometric constellation shaping (NA-HCS) for multi-kilometer free space transmission. A pairwise optimization algorithm is employed within the probabilistic shaping (PS) to achieve NA-HCS for constellation according to the pre-estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the long-distance nonlinear channel, which proves its efficacy in channel capacity optimization. Using a modified physical free space optical communication equivalent link, the QAM based on NA-HCS technology can flexibly control the net data rate (NDR) to accommodate different intensities of nonlinear impairment within 1 km transmission channel, consistently outperforming PS-APSK and PS-QAM.

Associations between moral disengagement and prosocial and antisocial behavior in sport: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to summarize the available evidence on the extent of the association between moral disengagement (MD) and prosocial behavior (PB) and antisocial behavior (AB) in sport.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Seven databases were systematically searched and literature screening.

miR-27a-3p regulates intestinal cell proliferation and differentiation through Wnt/β-catenin signalling.

Intestinal stem cells differentiate into absorptive enterocytes, characterised by increased brush border enzymes such as intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), making up the majority (95%) of the terminally differentiated cells in the villus. Loss of integrity of the intestinal epithelium plays a key role in inflammatory diseases and gastrointestinal infection. Here, we show that the intestinal microRNA (miR)-27a-3p is an important regulator of intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and enterocyte differentiation.

The anticancer mechanisms of rhoptry protein 16 on lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. () Rhoptry protein 16 (ROP16) has been shown to quickly enter the nucleus, and through activate host cell signaling pathways by phosphorylation STAT3 and may affect the survival of tumor cells. This study constructed recombinant lentiviral expression vector of ROP16 I/II/III and stably transfected them into A549 cells, and the effects of ROP16 on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of A549 cells were explored by utilizing CCK-8, flow cytometry, qPCR, Western blotting, TUNEL, Transwell assay, and cell scratch assay, and these effects were confirmed in the primary human lung adenocarcinoma cells from postoperative cancer tissues of patients.

A five-in-one novel MOF-modified injectable hydrogel with thermo-sensitive and adhesive properties for promoting alveolar bone repair in periodontitis: Antibacterial, hemostasis, immune reprogramming, pro-osteo-/angiogenesis and recruitment.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by plaque that destroys the alveolar bone tissues, resulting in tooth loss. Poor eradication of pathogenic microorganisms, persistent malignant inflammation and impaired osteo-/angiogenesis are currently the primary challenges to control disease progression and rebuild damaged alveolar bone. However, existing treatments for periodontitis fail to comprehensively address these issues.

Culture, emotion, and cognition: Understanding the psychological dynamics of Chinese sports with emotional regulation skills and cognitive reappraisal.

This study illuminates the complex relationship between cultural orientation towards collectivism, emotional regulation skills, cognitive reappraisal ability, sports engagement, perceived coach support, and sports self-efficacy in Chinese athletes' performance satisfaction. Seven hundred and fifty athletes from Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Sichuan completed 5-point Likert scale assessments. The study employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze variable connections.

Quercetin-Loaded Bioglass Injectable Hydrogel Promotes m6A Alteration of Per1 to Alleviate Oxidative Stress for Periodontal Bone Defects.

Periodontal disease ranks third among noncommunicable illnesses, behind cancer and cardiovascular disease, and is closely related to the occurrence and progression of various systemic diseases. However, elucidating the processes of periodontal disease and promoting periodontal bone regeneration remains a challenge. Here, quercetin is demonstrated to reduce the oxidative stress state of orofacial mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) in vitro and to affect the osteogenic growth of OMSCs through molecular mechanisms that mediate the m6A change in Per1.

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characterization of Xanthomatous Giant Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas: Further Support for a Close Morphologic Spectrum to Eosinophilic Solid and Cystic Renal Cell Carcinomas.

A recent study described a rare subtype of tuberous sclerosis complex ( TSC )-mutated renal cell carcinoma primarily characterized by Xanthomatous giant cell morphology. Only 2 cases in young individuals have been reported so far, making the correct diagnosis challenging from a pathological perspective. It remains unknown whether this tumor represents an independent subtype or belongs to other TSC -mutated tumors.

Understanding Sorption of Aqueous Electrolytes in Porous Carbon by NMR Spectroscopy.

Ion adsorption at solid-water interfaces is crucial for many electrochemical processes involving aqueous electrolytes including energy storage, electrochemical separations, and electrocatalysis. However, the impact of the hydronium (HO) and hydroxide (OH) ions on the ion adsorption and surface charge distributions remains poorly understood. Many fundamental studies of supercapacitors focus on non-aqueous electrolytes to avoid addressing the role of functional groups and electrolyte pH in altering ion uptake.

Quercetin-loaded mesoporous nano-delivery system remodels osteoimmune microenvironment to regenerate alveolar bone in periodontitis via the miR-21a-5p/PDCD4/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Impaired osteo-/angiogenesis, excessive inflammation, and imbalance of the osteoimmune homeostasis are involved in the pathogenesis of the alveolar bone defect caused by periodontitis. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of ideal therapeutic strategies for periodontitis that can regenerate the alveolar bone while remodeling the osteoimmune microenvironment. Quercetin, as a monomeric flavonoid, has multiple pharmacological activities, such as pro-regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.

Running exercise alleviates hippocampal neuroinflammation and shifts the balance of microglial M1/M2 polarization through adiponectin/AdipoR1 pathway activation in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress.

Running exercise has been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms. However, the mechanism underlying the antidepressant effects of running exercise is not fully understood. The imbalance of M1/M2 microglia phenotype/polarization and concomitant dysregulation of neuroinflammation play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of depression.

A xonotlite nanofiber bioactive 3D-printed hydrogel scaffold based on osteo-/angiogenesis and osteoimmune microenvironment remodeling accelerates vascularized bone regeneration.

Background: Coordination between osteo-/angiogenesis and the osteoimmune microenvironment is essential for effective bone repair with biomaterials. As a highly personalized and precise biomaterial suitable for repairing complex bone defects in clinical practice, it is essential to endow 3D-printed scaffold the above key capabilities.

Results: Herein, by introducing xonotlite nanofiber (Ca(SiO) (OH), CS) into the 3D-printed silk fibroin/gelatin basal scaffold, a novel bone repair system named SGC was fabricated.