Altered neural reward activation predicts clinical depression improvement after a novel loving-kindness meditation: a multimodal neuroimaging study.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) has become the second largest risk factor affecting human health, with a progress in its treatment especially non-pharmacological therapies. The loving-kindness meditation (LKM) has been introduced to depression but is not popular due to requirement on awareness and concentration, and its utilization in clinical MDD is absent as well as exploration on neural mechanism. This study aims to develop a more feasible novel therapy-loving-kindness meditation integrating cognition and behavior (LKM-CB), examine its effect on clinical depression, and further explore its neural mechanism by multimodal neuroimaging.

Retinal proteomic analysis reveals ON/OFF visual stimulation-specific changes in a Guinea pig myopia model.

This study aimed to explore the effect of artificial dynamic ON/OFF stimulation on the development of myopia and associated retinal proteomic changes in guinea pigs, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Myopia was induced in one eye of guinea pigs using -4 diopters lenses, with the other eye used as the untreated control. 53 guinea pigs were randomly given balanced ON/OFF (natural control, NC), ON, or OFF stimulation for 7 days.

Designing an off-axis freeform imaging system with a wide field of view based on an equal optical path surface extension method.

An off-axis imaging system with a wide field of view (FOV) has significant applications and, combined with freeform surfaces, can achieve excellent optical performance. However, the initial structure of the off-axis freeform imaging system with a wide FOV is rare, and its optimization requires extensive experience, which brings a challenge to the system design. In this paper, a design method is proposed to effectively construct the initial structure of an off-axis freeform imaging system with a wide FOV.

Applied Machine Learning for Prediction of Energy-Efficient CO Desorption on Solid Acid Catalysts.

The development of solid acid catalysts (SACs) for energy-efficient CO desorption and amine regeneration is critical to carbon capture commercialization. To avoid the time-consuming and ineffective screening process, a predictive model correlating the physicochemical properties of SACs with catalytic performance is desired, but it remains a challenging task. Herein, four machine learning (ML) algorithms were integrated with virtual data augmentation (VDA) methods to develop the predictive model of catalytic performance of SACs based on 13 features associated with catalyst properties and reaction conditions.

Levels and predictors of PTSS in young children aged 3-12 years at the hardest-hit area of China during early COVID-19 outbreak.

Background: Public crisis has a profound impact on mental health, particularly among young children, since that they are often encountered with disrupted routine, restricted movement, school closure, caregiver illness or distress, greater likelihood of aversive or neglecting parenting etc. However, the mental distress of young children aged below 12 years-old has been less attended. Based on the Risk Factor Model, this study aims to observe the levels and predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in children aged 3-12 years at the hardest-hit area of China during the early stage of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak.

Community nurses' willingness to implement Advance Care Planning (ACP) and their attitudes toward death: current status and correlation analysis.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the current status of community nurses' willingness to implement Advance Care Planning (ACP) and their attitudes toward death, and to explore the correlation between these variables, providing a basis for improving ACP implementation strategies.

Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed to select 317 nurses from 15 community health service centers in Chengdu. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the ACP Implementation Willingness Scale, and the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R).

Functional analysis of a novel FOXL2 mutation in blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome type II and elucidation of the genotype-phenotype correlation.

Background: Blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by genetic mutations. However, the genotype-phenotype correlation remains unclear. This study aimed to identify mutations in a Chinese family with BPES and elucidate the genotype-phenotype relationship.

Effect of stressors on depressive mood among long-term high-altitude workers: a moderated mediation analysis.

Background: Diathesis-stress theory of depression is well known, which stresses that stressor is an inducing factor for depression in general population. High altitude, a combination of variety of stressors, is a special environment that may cultivate more depression. However, how different types of stressors contribute to depression and its underlying mechanisms in high-altitude populations remain unrevealed.

Dissipation patterns of trisiloxane ethoxylates in cucumber plants and field soils: Insights from different end-capping groups.

Trisiloxane ethoxylates (TSEOn) have been found in multiple agro-environmental media due to their pervasive application in agricultural production. While some studies suggested that the differences in the toxicological effects of TSEOn were closely related to their end-capping groups, the environmental behaviors and fate of TSEOn congeners with varying end-capping groups in agroecosystems remain underexplored. This study investigated the dissipation patterns of 39 oligomers across three TSEOn congeners in cucumber, leaves, and soils through field trials, including TSEOn-H (hydroxy, n = 2-14), TSEOn-CH (methoxy, n = 2-14), and TSEOn-COCH (acetoxy, n = 3-15).

Mifepristone achieves tumor suppression and ferroptosis through PR/p53/HO1/GPX4 axis in meningioma cells.

Purpose: This study explores the effects of mifepristone on the proliferation, motility, and invasion of malignant and benign meningioma cells, aiming to identify mifepristone-sensitive types and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: IOMM-Lee and HBL-52 meningioma cells were treated with 0, vehicle control (VC), 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μM of mifepristone for 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Proliferation was assessed via CCK8 assay, while motility and invasion were measured using wound scratch and transwell assays.

Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common and clinically significant comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and high-intensity inspiratory muscle training (H-IMT) has emerged as a promising intervention for improving arterial stiffness in individuals with COPD. Yet, there is limited evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the impact of H-IMT alone or in combination with exercise on reducing arterial stiffness in COPD.

LFformer: An improved Transformer model for wind power prediction.

Wind power forecasting has complex nonlinear features and behavioral patterns across time scales, which is a severe test for traditional forecasting techniques. To address the multi-scale problem in wind power forecasting, this paper innovatively proposes an ultra-short-term forecasting model LFformer based on Legendre-Fourier, which firstly focuses on the important information in the input sequences by using the encoder-decoder architecture, and then scales the range of the original data with the Devlin normalization method, and then utilizes the Legendre polynomials to The data sequence is projected into a bounded dimensional space, the historical data is compressed using feature representation, then feature selection is performed using the low-rank approximation method of Fourier Transform, the prediction is inputted into the multilayer perceptron through the multi-scale mixing mechanism, and finally the results are outputted after back-normalization. The experimental results show that compared with the existing prediction methods, the model realizes the improvement of prediction accuracy and stability, especially in the ultra-short-term prediction scenario, with obvious advantages.

Trend and predictive psychosocial factors of persistent depression/non-depression in Chinese adolescents: A three-year longitudinal study.

Background: Depressive symptoms are common in adolescents, while its prevalence trend in adolescents is seldom reported. In addition, few studies focus on adolescents without depressive symptoms. This study aimed to reveal the trend and predictors of persistent depression/non-depression among Chinese adolescents over three-year period.

Two flavors in adulterated sesame oil: discovery, confirmation, and content regularity study.

Exploring and accurately detecting new adulteration markers in sesame oil is an important measure for sesame oil adulteration monitoring. In this study, two endogenous flavors sulfurol and γ-nonalactone which can be used as potential adulteration markers were first discovered in sesame oil and accurately quantified. First, the two endogenous flavors were discovered using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and their structures were confirmed by comparing the mass spectrograms with the NIST spectral library.

Targeting necroptosis: a promising avenue for respiratory disease treatment.

Respiratory diseases are a growing concern in public health because of their potential to endanger the global community. Cell death contributes critically to the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases. Recent evidence indicates that necroptosis, a unique form of programmed cell death (PCD), plays a vital role in the molecular mechanisms underlying respiratory diseases, distinguishing it from apoptosis and conventional necrosis.

Amugulang virus, a novel hantavirus harboured by small rodents in Hulunbuir, China.

The Hulunbuir region, known for its diverse terrain and rich wildlife, is a hotspot for various natural epidemic diseases. Between 2021 and 2023, we collected 885 wild rodent samples from this area, representing three families, seven genera, and eleven species. Metagenomic analysis identified three complete nucleic acid sequences from the S, M, and L segments of the family, which were closely related to the Khabarovsk virus.

Resilience mediates the prediction of alienation towards parents on subjective well-being in rural left-behind children: a 12-month longitudinal study.

Objective: Parent-child relationship is critical for children's well-being. In China, the large number of left-behind children (LBC, one or both parents leaving for work for at least 6 months) raises public concern. Although LBC often report poor mental health status and higher alienation towards parents, the dynamic trend of subjective well-being in this population, as well as the prediction of alienation towards parents on LBC's subjective well-being, remain unrevealed.

A study on post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic growth among patients infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the physical and psychological conditions of hospitalized patients who were infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) scores and predictors.

Methods: The test group consisted of 102 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Wuhan between March 4, 2020 and April 5, 2020, whereas the control group comprised 168 healthy study participants. Relevant information of the study participants was obtained using online questionnaires, covering five aspects-general information, physical state, emotional state, PTSD, and PTG.

Synergetic Manipulation Mechanism of Single-Atom M-N and M-OH (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) Sites for Ozone Activation: Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Verification.

Carbon-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been gradually introduced in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO), but the interface mechanism of O activation on the catalyst surface is still ambiguous, especially the effect of a surface hydroxyl group (M-OH) at metal sites. Herein, we combined theoretical calculations with experimental verifications to comprehensively investigate the O activation mechanisms on a series of conventional SAC structures with N-doped nanocarbon substrates (MN-NCs, where M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni). The synergetic manipulation effect of the metal atom and M-OH on O activation pathways was paid particular attention.

Whole Exome Sequencing as an Effective Molecular Diagnosis Tool for Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia with Ocular Complications.

Purpose: To summarize the clinical manifestations of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) patients with ocular complications, and find effective methods to diagnose early.

Methods: Nine CFD patients with ocular complications, and their parents were recruited in this study. All patients underwent ocular and systemic examinations.

Composition and diversity analysis of the TCR CDR3 repertoire in patients with idiopathic orbital inflammation using high-throughput sequencing.

Background: Idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) is a nonspecific orbital inflammatory disease with the third highest prevalence among orbital diseases, and its pathogenesis is associated with T-cell-mediated immune responses. This study aimed to investigate the differences in T-cell receptor (TCR) expression between IOI patients and healthy subjects by high-throughput sequencing and to characterize TCR expression in patients with IOI and with respect to glucocorticoid response.

Methods: A total of 19 subjects were enrolled in this study and were divided into the idiopathic orbital inflammation group (IOI group, n = 13) and the healthy control group (HC group, n = 6), and within the IOI group were further divided into the glucocorticoid therapy sensitive group (IOI(EF) group, n = 6) and the glucocorticoid therapy ineffective group (IOI(IN) group, n = 7) based on the degree of effectiveness to glucocorticoid therapy.

The effects of art therapy on quality of life and psychosomatic symptoms in adults with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cancer-related psychological and physical disorders can mean stressful and painful experiences for patients. Art therapy, a form of complementary and alternative medicine, is an increasingly popular way to decrease emotional stress, alleviate somatic symptoms, and improve quality of life in patients with cancer. However, current systematic reviews have not explored the beneficial effects of art therapy.