Nanomedicine Targeting the Warburg Effect: Advanced Strategies for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer remains the foremost cause of mortality globally, characterized by un-controlled cellular proliferation driven by oncogenic mutations and other factors. These mutations disrupt cellular homeostasis, leading to a spectrum of adverse physiological responses. A key feature of cellular metabolism in cancer is the Warburg effect, in which cancer cells preferentially rely on glycolysis for ATP production, even in the presence of oxygen, to meet their elevated metabolic demands.

Retinal proteomic analysis reveals ON/OFF visual stimulation-specific changes in a Guinea pig myopia model.

This study aimed to explore the effect of artificial dynamic ON/OFF stimulation on the development of myopia and associated retinal proteomic changes in guinea pigs, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Myopia was induced in one eye of guinea pigs using -4 diopters lenses, with the other eye used as the untreated control. 53 guinea pigs were randomly given balanced ON/OFF (natural control, NC), ON, or OFF stimulation for 7 days.

Behavior of unsaturated sandy loess under high-frequency unilateral cyclic loading.

Sandy loess, which is distinguished by its granular composition dominated by sand particles and minimal clay, is vulnerable to structural destabilization under cyclic loading. This report focuses on recurrent geotechnical failures in the hydrocarbon extraction zones of China's Loess Plateau. The investigation employs cyclic triaxial testing to evaluate the moisture-dependent and frequency-governed mechanical behaviors of unsaturated sandy loess, particularly in the context of the Maliancheng Village landslide event.

Functional analysis of a novel FOXL2 mutation in blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome type II and elucidation of the genotype-phenotype correlation.

Background: Blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by genetic mutations. However, the genotype-phenotype correlation remains unclear. This study aimed to identify mutations in a Chinese family with BPES and elucidate the genotype-phenotype relationship.

Mifepristone achieves tumor suppression and ferroptosis through PR/p53/HO1/GPX4 axis in meningioma cells.

Purpose: This study explores the effects of mifepristone on the proliferation, motility, and invasion of malignant and benign meningioma cells, aiming to identify mifepristone-sensitive types and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: IOMM-Lee and HBL-52 meningioma cells were treated with 0, vehicle control (VC), 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μM of mifepristone for 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Proliferation was assessed via CCK8 assay, while motility and invasion were measured using wound scratch and transwell assays.

Whole Exome Sequencing as an Effective Molecular Diagnosis Tool for Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia with Ocular Complications.

Purpose: To summarize the clinical manifestations of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) patients with ocular complications, and find effective methods to diagnose early.

Methods: Nine CFD patients with ocular complications, and their parents were recruited in this study. All patients underwent ocular and systemic examinations.

Composition and diversity analysis of the TCR CDR3 repertoire in patients with idiopathic orbital inflammation using high-throughput sequencing.

Background: Idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) is a nonspecific orbital inflammatory disease with the third highest prevalence among orbital diseases, and its pathogenesis is associated with T-cell-mediated immune responses. This study aimed to investigate the differences in T-cell receptor (TCR) expression between IOI patients and healthy subjects by high-throughput sequencing and to characterize TCR expression in patients with IOI and with respect to glucocorticoid response.

Methods: A total of 19 subjects were enrolled in this study and were divided into the idiopathic orbital inflammation group (IOI group, n = 13) and the healthy control group (HC group, n = 6), and within the IOI group were further divided into the glucocorticoid therapy sensitive group (IOI(EF) group, n = 6) and the glucocorticoid therapy ineffective group (IOI(IN) group, n = 7) based on the degree of effectiveness to glucocorticoid therapy.

Schwann cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a potential therapy for retinal ganglion cell degeneration.

Optic neuropathy is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Several studies have demonstrated that transplantation of Schwann cells (SCs) is a promising candidate therapy for optic neuropathy and that intravitreally transplanted cells exert their effect via paracrine actions. Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based therapies are increasingly recognized as a potential strategy for cell replacement therapy.

Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor: new advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment.

Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (OIP) is a benign, non-specific inflammatory disorder that commonly occurs in middle-aged adults and is usually unilateral but can occur bilaterally. Its clinical manifestations have tremendous clinical heterogeneity and vary according to the site of infiltration and the degree of lesions, including orbital pain, swelling, diplopia, proptosis, restricted eye movement, and decreased visual acuity. Clinical features, Image characteristics and pathological examinations often need to be evaluated to confirm the diagnosis.

Goats with low levels of AAV antibody may serve as candidates for large animal gene therapy.

AAV vector-mediated gene therapy has been proposed as a feasible strategy for several eye diseases. However, AAV antibodies in the serum prior to treatment hinder the transduction efficiency and thus the therapeutic effect. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate AAV antibodies in the serum before gene therapy.

Long-term Outcomes Following Endoscopic Transnasal Surgery for Optic Neuropathy Due to Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of endoscopic transnasal optic canal decompression (ETOCD) guided by a navigation surgical system (NSS) for vision recovery in patients with compressive optic neuropathy (CON) caused by craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD), and to explore the underlying cause of visual impairment.

Methods: All patients underwent unilateral NSS-guided ETOCD and were followed up periodically for at least six months. Paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation analyses were used to compare continuous variables of the visual outcomes at the final review.

Experimental Study of the Influences of Temperature on the Properties of Particles in a Gasifier during Coal-Water Slurry Gasification.

Studies were made on the influence of temperature and oxygen to carbon ratio (the O/C ratio) on the properties of particles during water coal slurry gasification by taking a new-type coal-water slurry gasifier as the thermal experiment platform, coal-water slurry as a gasification material, and oxygen as the oxidant. The results show that the higher the gasification temperature, the more spherical particles are generated, the higher the content of Na, Fe, and S on the particle surface, and the greater the mass percentage of fine particles. With increase in the O/C ratio, the production of fine particles also increases, while the carbon content of the particles decreases.