Remimazolam besylate versus propofol as sedative agents in cardiac surgery: A randomized noninferiority clinical trial.

Background: Remimazolam besylate, despite being widely used in various clinical settings, lacks evidence in cardiac anesthesia. This trial compared its efficacy with propofol in elective cardiac surgery.

Methods: A total of 320 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery via cardiopulmonary bypass between December 2024 and March 2025 were randomized 1:1 to either propofol (1 mg/kg for induction and 1-1.

Correction: Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal a stress-induced EMT-like epithelial subset driving immune activation in silica-injured lung.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) O-serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance profiles among the aging population in China: A longitudinal, multi-center study.

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a leading cause of community-acquired bacteremia and sepsis, which contributes to the substantial burden of invasive E. coli disease (IED) in older adults. This study aimed to estimate the O-serotype distribution of blood and sterile site ExPEC among older adults in China and the characteristics of antimicrobial resistance, O-serotypes, and O genotypes.

Early-life nutritional additives, household environment, and air pollution in relation to childhood food allergies: A multi-city mother-child study in China.

Background: Nutritional supplements and environments have been linked with food allergy (FA), but little research has explored their interactions on children's FA.

Objectives: To explore the associations between early-life nutritional supplements, household environmental factors (HEFs), and outdoor air pollutant (OAP) exposures, and their interactions on children's FAs.

Methods: We collected 20,730 surveyed questionnaires from five Chinese cities, covering data on individual characteristics, health outcomes, and HEFs.

Highly efficient stabilization of arsenic in the contaminated sediments of Jiehe River by schwertmannite to inhibit arsenic release into overlying water.

Arsenic (As) represents the most typical associated element in gold mines, with As pollution frequently observed in regions of intensive gold mining activities, especially in Zhaoyuan City, renowned as the "Gold Capital" of China. In this study, schwertmannite (Sch), an iron oxyhydroxysulfate mineral with unique channel structure renowned for its As adsorption and stabilization capabilities in aqueous and soil systems, was synthesized and applied to evaluate its efficacy in stabilizing As for gold mining-impacted sediments. Besides, the functional mechanisms of Sch in mediating the redistribution and persistent immobilization of As in the sediments of Jiehe River in Zhaoyuan city were also explored.

Factors influencing diagnostic delays in celiac disease.

Background: Celiac disease (CeD), an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion, is characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations such as fatigue, abdominal pain, and nutritional deficiencies, often leading to substantial diagnostic delays. Prolonged delays (≥ 2 years from symptom onset) are associated with increased risks of complications like osteoporosis, small intestinal lymphoma, and reduced quality of life.

Aim: To estimate diagnostic delay prevalence and identify risk factors in Chinese CeD patients.

ZmDof08, a zinc finger transcription factor, plays critical roles in photosynthesis in maize.

The gene ZmDof08, which underlies the yellow-green leaf mutant phenotype in maize, enhances the activity of key enzymes involved in C photosynthesis, leading to a significant improvement in photosynthetic efficiency. Improving the photosynthetic efficiency of maize to increase its yield has long been a key focus in global agricultural research. Maize possesses a rich resource of leaf color mutants, which serve as valuable materials for studying leaf photosynthesis.

Association of TIMP-2 Expression with Postoperative Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients and Development of a Predictive Model.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in postoperative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its relationship with prognosis, and to build a nomogram prediction model for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) based on TIMP-2 expression.

Patients And Methods: Expression profile data from HCC-related datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus to analyze the correlation between TIMP-2 and HCC survival and prognosis, and its relationship with the HCC tumor immune microenvironment. Overall, 118 patients who underwent radical surgery for HCC were included retrospectively.

Pancreatic hepatoid adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation and elevated AFP: a case report.

Background: Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) of the pancreas is a rare malignant tumor characterized by morphologic and immunophenotypic features resembling hepatocellular carcinoma. The tumor cells exhibit polygonal morphology with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm and large, irregular nuclei. Immunophenotypically, the tumor cells are positive for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and glypican-3.

Chronic Waterborne Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics Induces Kupffer Cell Polarization Imbalance and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation.

Microplastics (MPs), particles under 5 mm, are widespread environmental contaminants. Polystyrene (PS), used in many household items, degrades into polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs), which accumulate in the environment. Chronic exposure to waterborne PS-MPs was found to disrupt hepatic lipid metabolism in C57BL/6N mice through inflammatory Kupffer cell polarization and IL-17/NF-κB signaling pathways.

Propolis-derived components act against Klebsiella pneumoniae by inhibiting growth and disrupting biofilms.

Aims: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), a multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen implicated in pneumonia and nosocomial infections, employs biofilm formation to evade antimicrobial therapies.

Methods: This study investigates how propolis and its key bioactive constituents-naringenin, taxifolin, syringic acid, and gallic acid-disrupt biofilm development and stability in K.

Dissecting the genetic architecture of yield-related traits by QTL mapping in maize.

Introduction: Maize is a cornerstone of global agriculture, essential for ensuring food security, driving economic development, and meeting growing food demands. Yet, how to achieve optimal yield remains a multifaceted challenge influenced by biotic, environmental, and genetic factors whose comprehensive understanding is still evolving.

Methods: QTL mapping of eight essential yield traits was conducted across four environments - Sanya (SY) in 2021, and Yangling (YaL), Yulin (YuL), and Weinan (WN) in 2022 - using two types of populations: a KA105/KB024 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and two immortalized backcross populations (IB1 and IB2) derived from the RILs by crossing with their respective parents.

METTL14 Hinders DCM Progression via Mediating the m6A Methylation of NRG4 in HG-Induced H9C2 Cells.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common form of cardiomyopathy that affects the cardiac muscle. It can lead to heart failure and threaten the life of human. Neuregulin 4 (NRG4) is a novel adipose factor released from brown adipose tissues and is considered to play an important role in metabolism, and affects the diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Oriented porous microtubules combined with CNTF-delivery directional guide axonal regeneration after traumatic optic neuropathy.

Neuroinflammation microenvironment and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis are two critical barriers to axonal regeneration following traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). To overcome these challenges, we developed an innovative dual drug delivery strategy utilizing oriented porous nanofiber (OF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)-loaded delivery systems, aiming to promote axonal regeneration and restore RGC survival. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (Ce NPs) were physically mixed with poly(L-lactic acid)/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) solution to prepare oriented porous nanofibers (OF-Ce) via electrospinning and solvent evaporation techniques.

Muscle Visualization and Evaluation Methods for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myositis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have fundamentally transformed the landscape of cancer therapy, yet their administration frequently correlates with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), amongst which myositis, an inflammatory disorder affecting the muscles, stands out. The prompt identification and thorough assessment of myositis associated with ICIs are imperative for effective therapeutic management and the enhancement of patient prognoses. In this report, we present a detailed evaluation of muscle function aimed at accurately diagnosing and appraising ICI-related myositis.

Predicting futile recanalization before mechanical thrombectomy: the added value of CT imaging markers.

Purpose: To evaluate the incremental value of computed tomography (CT) imaging markers beyond clinical factors in predicting futile recanalization (FR) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT), and to develop an integrated clinical-imaging nomogram for FR risk stratification.

Methods: We enrolled 342 AIS patients who achieved successful recanalization-definded as a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade ≥ 2b after MT-between October 2019 and December 2023. FR was defined as a poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 3-6) despite successful recanalization.

Exploring protein-mediated quality control mechanisms in Rice cooking behavior: from static protein content to dynamic architecture.

Rice proteins significantly influence cooking properties and eating quality, yet their dynamic roles during thermal processing remain unclear. This study systematically investigated protein-mediated mechanisms in rice cooking through in-situ structural analysis (SEM, CLSM) and enzymatic hydrolysis. Three rice cultivars with a common genetic background but differing in protein content were used (NJ > LSS-1 > LSS-2: 6.

Enhanced enzyme stability at the interphase of water-oil for continuous-flow olefin epoxidation.

The practical applications of enzymes often require their immobilization for multiple recycling or long-term running. However, practically efficient enzyme immobilization methods are lacking. Herein, we present an enzyme immobilization approach by engineering a porous "interphase" between water and oil around the surfaces of Pickering emulsion droplets.

Spatial isotope deep tracing deciphers inter-tissue metabolic crosstalk.

Organs collaborate to maintain metabolic homeostasis in mammals. Spatial metabolomics makes strides in profiling the metabolic landscape, yet can not directly inspect the metabolic crosstalk between tissues. Here, we introduce an approach to comprehensively trace the metabolic fate of C-nutrients within the body and present a robust computational tool, MSITracer, to deep-probe metabolic activity in a spatial manner.

Decoding the role of fungal functional groups in dissolved organic matter transformation and humification during co-composting.

Fungal communities play a vital role in composting by transforming organic waste into eco-friendly products. However, little is known about how their functional traits relate to the dissolved organic matter (DOM) transformation and humification. This study investigated the fungal taxonomic and functional groups succession during co-composting of green waste and sewage sludge under five raw material ratios ranging from 1:1 to 1:3, comparing their associations with DOM transformation.

Identifying priority control factors for heavy metal pollution in urban agricultural soils of the Chengdu Plain: An integrated multi-model approach.

Heavy metal (HM) contamination in urban and peri-urban agricultural soils presents a critical threat to environmental integrity and public health, yet the contributions of specific pollution sources to these risks remain insufficiently quantified. This study investigates urban and peri-urban agricultural soils in the Chengdu Plain, China, through an integrated framework combining Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF), GIS-based mapping of factor contribution, Random Forest (RF), Geo-Big data, Potential Ecological Risk Assessment (PERA), and Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA). Four major sources of HMs were identified: 30.

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Action of Food-Derived ACE-Inhibitory Peptides.

Hypertension is a major pathogenic contributor to cardiovascular diseases, primarily mediated through activation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) system. Food-derived ACE-inhibitory peptides represent a promising alternative to synthetic drugs due to their favorable safety profile and minimal side effects. ACE-inhibitory peptides have been extensively identified from various foods, with their antihypertensive activity and molecular mechanisms comprehensively characterized through in vitro and in vivo studies.

OsMATE7-mediated flavonol accumulation regulates pollen tube growth in rice.

Flavonols have been implicated in male sterility and pollen tube growth for over three decades; however, the molecular mechanisms mediating their accumulation in pollen grains remain poorly understood. In this study, a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporter, OsMATE7, was identified as a key regulator of flavonol accumulation in mature pollen grains, thereby promoting pollen tube growth in rice (Oryza sativa). Mutation of OsMATE7 resulted in a significant reduction in seed setting rates.

The shared genetic etiology of autoimmune disorders and interstitial lung disease: insights from large-scale genome-wide cross-trait analysis.

Autoimmune diseases often co-occur with interstitial lung disease (ILD), and ILD is associated with patient prognosis. Research has demonstrated a relationship between autoimmune diseases and ILD; however, the genetic basis underlying this connection is frequently overlooked. Linkage disequilibrium score regression and high-definition likelihood methods were applied to large-scale genome-wide association studies summary-level data sets to assess genetic correlations between 17 autoimmune disorders and ILD.

Recent advances in the antimicrobial application of the pyrrolo[2,3-]pyrimidine scaffold: innovative synthetic strategies, structural diversification, and bioactivity evaluation.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a critical global health challenge, necessitating urgent development of novel antimicrobial agents. Pyrrolo[2,3-]pyrimidine derivatives have garnered substantial research interest in pharmaceutical chemistry owing to their structural diversity, synthetic accessibility, and broad-spectrum bioactivity. This comprehensive review presents and discusses recent advancements in pyrrolo[2,3-]pyrimidine research, focusing on methodological innovations in scaffold construction.