Individual-Specific Neural Subspaces Reveal Reward Dysregulation and State Transition Vulnerabilities in Internet Gaming Disorder.

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a clinically heterogeneous condition, yet the underlying neurobiological subtypes remain to be elucidated. Investigating the sub-patterns of spontaneous neural activity and the state switching from individual to group patterns may provide deeper insights into the etiology of IGD.

Methods: Resting-state functional MRI data were collected from 519 participants (257 with IGD; 262 recreational game users, RGU).

The self-assessment of critical thinking disposition and the needs for training: a cross-sectional survey of clinical nurses.

Background: Critical thinking is essential for nurses' clinical decision-making and the delivery of safe, high-quality care, and is shaped by their critical thinking disposition. However, nurses demonstrate negative critical thinking dispositions, with limited evidence available on influencing factors and training needs.

Objective: This study aims to investigate nurses' critical thinking dispositions, identify influencing factors, and explore their relationship with training needs.

Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Reduction of Biaryl Dialdehydes via Bora-Brook Rearrangement.

The first enantioselective Bora-Brook rearrangement reaction catalyzed by a Cu/SOP system was established. In this protocol, the synthesis of axially chiral monoaldehydes has been achieved by the desymmetric reduction of prochiral dialdehydes. This reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions, affording the products in high yields (up to 91%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96:4 er) while exhibiting broad functional group compatibility.

Spectro-Electrochemical Insights into Electrocatalytic CO Reduction in Acidic Media through Model Catalyst Design.

Electrocatalytic CO reduction (eCOR) under acidic conditions is the game changer of resourceful CO utilization owing to the alleviated carbon loss but faces severe competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that greatly curtails the electric current efficiency. Leveraging the eCOR side of the teeterboard calls for a fundamental understanding of the triphasic electrode process involving a complex arrangement of electric double layers (EDLs). Herein, a series of model catalysts with tailored cavernous parameters are fabricated to geometrically and spectroscopically decipher the competing HER and eCOR processes that engage different proton sources.

High-Temperature Superconductivity of Thermodynamically Stable Fluorite-Type Hydrides at Ambient Pressure.

Hydride superconductors have attracted significant attention, yet achieving superconductivity at ambient pressure remains a key challenge. Here, a family of high-T (superconducting critical temperature, T) hydrides based on the fluorite-type AXH structure, exhibiting thermodynamic and dynamic stability at low to atmospheric pressure, is proposed. Through comprehensive screening of 150 ternary systems, eight stable hydrides below 35 GPa are identified.

Machine learning-based model identifies a novel cuproptosis-related mitochondrial gene signature with a key role in the prognosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers globally, making it critical to understand the mechanisms driving its progression and improve prognosis. Moreover, cuproptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in lung cancer. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify mitochondrial genes associated with cuproptosis to develop a prognostic model for patients with LUAD, with the potential to predict survival outcomes and responses to treatment.

Factors influencing sialorrhea in orally intubated patients: a lasso and logistic regression analysis.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sialorrhea in orally intubated patients and systematically analyze its influencing factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 15 to 31, 2025, involving 40 tertiary general hospitals across 10 prefecture-level cities in Sichuan Province, including Chengdu, Zigong, and Mianyang. The investigation assessed the current status of sialorrhea in patients undergoing oral endotracheal intubation.

Preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction using CT texture analysis combined with machine learning.

This study aims to construct a noninvasive preoperative prediction model for lymph node metastasis in adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) using computed tomography (CT) texture characterization and machine learning. We analyzed clinical and imaging data from 57 patients with preoperative CT enhancement scans and pathologically confirmed AEG. Lesions were delineated, and texture features were extracted from arterial phase and venous phase CT images using 3D-Slicer software.

Mechanistic insights into Shengxian Sanren granules' effects on chronic heart failure: A synergistic study of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic targets of Shengxian Sanren Granules in the treatment of Chronic heart failure (CHF), with particular emphasis on the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy signaling pathway.

Methods: The major blood-absorbed components of Shengxian Sanren Granules were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Network analysis was applied to predict potential targets and signaling pathways, revealing 37 core targets predominantly enriched in the PI3K-Akt and mTOR pathways.

Malnutrition, Psychological Conditions, and Their Effects on Older Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients.

Nutritional status and psychological health are common issues in older patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. This study aims to investigate the current status of malnutrition and its influencing factors in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors, the prevalence of anxiety and depression, and to analyze the interrelationship between the two, as well as their impacts on activity status, quality of life, and clinical outcomes. Furthermore, it explores whether necessary and reasonable nutritional and psychological interventions should be implemented in clinical practice to ensure maximum benefit for the patients.

Electron beam irradiation as a physical modification approach to enhance the functional potential of dietary fiber in wheat bran.

Wheat bran (WB) is a fiber-rich byproduct with limited functionality due to its compact structure and low bioavailability of bioactive compounds. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) is a clean, non-thermal technology with potential to enhance the structural and functional properties of WB. This study investigated the effects of EBI (5-25 kGy) on the structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of WB.

Prevalence and clinical correlates of focal choroidal excavation in a large cohort of Chinese patients with choroidal osteoma.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence and clinical characteristics of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) in a large cohort of Chinese patients with choroidal osteoma (CO).

Methods: One hundred and thirty-two eyes of 110 Chinese patients diagnosed with CO were enrolled. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of FCE were studied.

Metabolic versatility enables acetogens to colonize ruminants with diet-driven niche partitioning.

Enteric methane emissions are energy losses from farmed ruminants and contribute to global warming. Diverting electrons and H2 flow toward beneficial fermentation products would mitigate ruminal methane emissions while improving feed efficiency. Acetogens can direct H2 and electrons to acetate production via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, but methanogens have more competitive H2 affinities.

Effect of GLP-1RA on coronary progression and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetic patients after PCI: a prospective cohort study.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) reduce incidence of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. Yet, the impact of GLP-1RAs on coronary lesion progression and cardiovascular outcomes after coronary stent implantation remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of GLP-1RAs on coronary lesion progression and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Urban soil health improves with green infrastructure and reduced pathogen risks.

Urban land-use change significantly alters soil microbial communities, with consequences for ecosystem functionality and public health. However, the ecological and health-related outcomes of converting cropland into urban green infrastructure remain poorly characterized. In this study, we examined how three land-use types, afforestation, constructed wetlands, and urban infrastructure, affect soil bacterial diversity, community assembly, and pathogen risk over a three-year period (2019-2023).

Promoted selectivity in lignin CC bonds cleavage by anodic oxidation with coupled reactive oxygen species through a simultaneous oxygen cathodic reduction.

Lignin is the primary renewable source of aromatic compounds in nature, and efficiently valorizing lignin can potentially help address the conflict between energy resources supply and demand. Electrochemical oxidation, when combined with extra oxidizing mediums, would be considered as a more powerful and environmentally friendly tool for lignin depolymerization. However, possible mechanisms of these combined oxidation processes lack to be fully elucidated.

Plant-Derived Vesicle-like Nanoparticles: Pioneering Sustainable and Effective Approaches for Tissue Repair and Regeneration.

Plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) are bioactive nanovesicles secreted by plant cells, emerging as a novel therapeutic tool for tissue repair and regeneration due to their low immunogenicity, intrinsic bioactivity, and potential as drug delivery carriers. This review examines PDVLNs' biogenesis mechanisms, isolation techniques, and compositional diversity, emphasizing their roles in promoting essential regenerative processes-cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, immune modulation, and angiogenesis. We explore their therapeutic applications across multiple tissue types, including skin, bone, neural, liver, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and dental tissues, using both natural and engineered PDVLNs in various disease models.

Boosting Electrochemical CO Reduction to Formate over La-Doped SnO via Pinning Effect and Water Activation.

Electrochemical reduction of CO to formate over Sn-based catalysts offers an effective carbon-neutral approach for chemical production and renewable energy storage. However, poor selectivity under high current densities persists, primarily due to the instability of Sn-O active sites and slow water dissociation. In this work, a La-doped SnO catalyst is synthesized for efficient CO conversion to formate.

Evaluating F-Florzolotau tau PET for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis with F-Flortaucipir as reference.

Introduction: Tau protein aggregation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Semi-quantitative analysis using regions of interest (ROIs)-based standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) serves as a major Tau positron emission tomography (PET) biomarker for AD diagnosis and staging. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the second-generation tau tracer F-Florzolotau, including the impact of semi-quantitative reference region and ROIs methodology and partial volume error (PVE) correction.

Retinal proteomic analysis reveals ON/OFF visual stimulation-specific changes in a Guinea pig myopia model.

This study aimed to explore the effect of artificial dynamic ON/OFF stimulation on the development of myopia and associated retinal proteomic changes in guinea pigs, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Myopia was induced in one eye of guinea pigs using -4 diopters lenses, with the other eye used as the untreated control. 53 guinea pigs were randomly given balanced ON/OFF (natural control, NC), ON, or OFF stimulation for 7 days.

Pertussis risk assessment in children: a retrospective study of blood parameters from two medical centers.

Objectives: Pertussis is an important contributor to respiratory morbidity and mortality and remains underdiagnosed since pertussis re-emergence becomes a global public health concern in recent years. This multi-center retrospective observational study aimed to develop a diagnostic prediction model based on laboratory blood parameters to identify children with pertussis.

Methods: A total of 545 children with suspected pertussis from the hospital between January 2024 and June 2024 were identified and randomly split into training ( = 381), and validation group ( = 164).