Integrating experiential learning theory with innovation and entrepreneurship education: a qualitative study on Chinese medical students.

Background: Traditional medical education models emphasizing didactic knowledge transmission inadequately prepare healthcare professionals for complex challenges in modern medicine. Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education (IEE) offers opportunities for fostering innovative thinking, yet limited research systematically examines how medical students experience entrepreneurial learning processes. Accordingly, this study applies Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) to examine how medical students engage with IEE and develop entrepreneurial competencies within healthcare contexts.

Boosting Electrochemical CO Reduction to Formate over La-Doped SnO via Pinning Effect and Water Activation.

Electrochemical reduction of CO to formate over Sn-based catalysts offers an effective carbon-neutral approach for chemical production and renewable energy storage. However, poor selectivity under high current densities persists, primarily due to the instability of Sn-O active sites and slow water dissociation. In this work, a La-doped SnO catalyst is synthesized for efficient CO conversion to formate.

Unraveling tumor cell‑tumor microenvironment crosstalk through antibody array technologies (Review).

The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of tumor cells, stromal cells, infiltrating immune cells and non‑cellular components such as extracellular matrix, blood vessels and a wide variety of secreted proteins. Evidence shows that beyond supporting tumor growth, the TME also promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion and contributes to treatment resistance, ultimately affecting patient prognosis. Cell‑to‑cell communication within the TME is driven by secreted proteins such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and interferons, which are produced not only by tumor cells but also by various stromal cells and immune cells.

Gastrodin from the Gastrodia elata Blume alleviates neuronal inflammation and injury via regulates NOX2/Nrf2 balance.

Background: Epilepsy is a serious recurrent neurological dysfunction, and its incidence is increasing sharply, often causing social dysfunction in patients and causing heavy economic and caregiving burdens to families and society. At present, most drugs used in the clinical treatment of epilepsy have serious side effects, such as liver and kidney function damage, psychological and physiological damage, and drug dependence.

Methods: The antiepileptic effect of gastrodin (GAS, a natural compound isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume) was studied in a PTZ-induced epilepsy rat model.

Amino acid transporters mediate autonomous delivery of nanoparticle vehicles into living plants.

Presence of the cell wall and the lack of streamlined pathways for cellular delivery of external agents into plants is a core challenge of plant biotechnology and crop engineering development. However, both viral and bacterial transmission have their own restrictions and the few non-heavy metal nanodelivery platforms require external forces for tissue penetration. Such dependency limits any high-throughput application considering the large plant numbers to be treated in the field or even laboratory exercises.

Differential Cortical Responses of Functional and Sensory Electrical Stimulation in Closed-Loop Tremor Suppression for Parkinson's Disease.

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) and sensory electrical stimulation (SES) are widely used in tremor suppression for Parkinson's disease (PD), however, their therapeutic efficacy varies significantly across individuals. This study investigated the differential cortical effects of FES and SES during closed-loop tremor suppression in PD patient, aiming to identify neurophysiological biomarkers for guiding personalized neuro modulation strategies. We developed an inertial based closed-loop tremor suppression system that delivers out-of-phase FES and continuous SES based on real-time tremor detection.

Placental epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulation in type I selective fetal growth restriction.

Objective: To elucidate the epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms underlying Type I selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) in monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies.

Methods: Placental tissues from nine MCDA twin pairs diagnosed with Type I sFGR were analyzed using an integrative multi-omics approach, including chromatin accessibility profiling (ATAC-seq), DNA methylation microarray, and RNA sequencing. Differential analyses between the smaller (sFGR-S) and larger (sFGR-L) twin placentas were performed, and functional enrichment analyses were applied to identify key regulatory pathways and genes.

The Ultrasound and Genetic Characteristics of Fetuses With Laterality Defects-A Prenatal Cohort in Asian Population.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of laterality defects in fetuses, including situs inversus totalis (SIT) and situs ambiguous (SA), and to explore the potential genetic etiology of these laterality defects.

Methods: Detailed fetal echocardiography and extracardiac structural evaluations were performed. Genetic testing, including chromosomal microarray analysis, and trio exome sequencing was conducted to identify potential genetic variants.

New perspectives on polycystic ovary syndrome: hypothalamic-sympathetic-adipose tissue interaction.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder among women of reproductive age. Although the traditional mechanistic framework has focused on dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (HPOA), emerging evidence suggests that PCOS-associated metabolic disturbances predominantly originate from dysregulation of the hypothalamic-sympathetic nerve-adipose tissue axis (HSF axis). This article systematically reviews the mechanisms by which hypothalamic nuclei (including the arcuate nucleus and paraventricular nucleus) regulate adipose tissue metabolism through sympathetic neural pathways.

Streamlining diagnosis of bloodstream infections with high-throughput microfluidic isolation and aptamer-based detection strategies.

Bloodstream infections have high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, the gold standard for diagnosing bloodstream infections involves re-culturing bacteria from positive culture bottles for mass spectrometry and drug resistance analysis. However, this process incurs a delay of at least a day, which can lead to a 7.

Rapid Discovery of Celastrol Derivatives as Potent and Selective PRDX1 Inhibitors via Microplate-Based Parallel Compound Library and In Situ Screening.

Celastrol has been identified as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevator that reduces cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting peroxiredoxin (PRDX) activity, albeit with poor selectivity. We describe a semiautomated and microplate-based parallel compound library approach leading to the rapid discovery of celastrol derivatives that are potent and selective PRDX1 inhibitors. Amide coupling and the urea bond forming reactions were used to construct a 2720-member celastrol derivative library, followed by PRDX1 enzyme inhibition assay screening, leading to the rapid identification of a series of celastrol derivatives demonstrating promising PRDX1 inhibition activity.

Point-of-care detection of prostate cancer through surface protein profiling on extracellular vesicles using colorimetric 3D paper-based analytical devices.

Surface proteins on tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are frequently associated with tumorigenesis and progression. The effective evaluation of surface protein profiles on plasma EVs provides a reliable method for cancer diagnosis due to their high abundance (>10 particles/mL) and sustainable availability. However, quantifying the protein population on EVs is hampered by the difficulty of isolation, and the limited sensitivity of current EVs protein assays.

Oral delivery of GLP-1 peptide using recombinant for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an effective therapeutic peptide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we constructed an effective probiotic-based oral GLP-1 delivery system by engineering the probiotic strain of () to secrete GLP-1 fusion peptide, which combines GLP-1 with protein transduction domain (PTD) and a serum albumin binding peptide (ABP), GLP-1-PTD-ABP (GPA). The supernatants of cultures significantly upregulated the expression of PDX-1 and stimulated insulin release in Min6 cells.

Suitable Planting Area Prediction for Two Species: An Analysis Based on Habitat and Phytochemical Suitability.

The distribution of suitable habitats for medicinal plants is affected by climate, soil, land use, and other factors. , an important traditional Chinese medicinal resource in Xinjiang, includes (Royle) I. M.

Protein kinase ROCK1 activates mitochondrial fission linking to oxidative stress and muscle atrophy.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with protein-energy wasting, characterized by a reduction in muscle mass and strength. Although mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathogenesis of muscle wasting, underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: Here, we used transcriptomic analysis, metabolomics analyses, and mouse gene manipulation to investigate the effects of mitochondrial plasticity and oxidative stress on muscle wasting the subtotal nephrectomy mouse models of CKD.

Brain-clinical biotyping in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder.

Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its clinical heterogeneity remains underexplored. This study aimed to identify novel brain-clinical biotypes in iRBD by integrating structural MRI and clinical assessments. We included 172 patients with video-polysomnography-confirmed iRBD and 126 controls who underwent multimodal MRI and clinical evaluation.

Dual energy CT-based Radiomics for identification of myocardial focal scar and artificial beam-hardening.

Background: Computed tomography is an inadequate method for detecting myocardial focal scar (MFS) due to its moderate density resolution, which is insufficient for distinguishing MFS from artificial beam-hardening (BH). Virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) of dual-energy coronary computed tomography angiography (DECCTA) provide a variety of diagnostic information with significant potential for detecting myocardial lesions. The aim of this study was to assess whether radiomics analysis in VMIs of DECCTA can help distinguish MFS from BH.

Pathogenic mutations disrupt stress granules assembly in patients with DDX3X neurodevelopmental disorder.

DDX3X neurodevelopmental disorder (DDX3X-NDD) represents a recently identified genetic syndrome characterized by intellectual disability (ID) and developmental delays, primarily caused by pathogenic variants in the DDX3X gene. The physiological ramifications of these mutations remain largely unexplored. In this study, we reported 21 DDX3X variants from 22 Chinese patients with DDX3X-NDD by whole exome sequencing.

Genetic analysis of 25 Chinese pedigrees with neurofibromatosis type 1 and genotype-phenotype study from an extended cohort.

Background: To identify the genetic variants underlying neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and to investigate genotype-phenotype correlations.

Methods: Thirty-three patients from 27 Chinese pedigrees with suspected NF1 phenotypes underwent genetic analysis. The impact of splicing variant on NF1 mRNA processing was determined by cDNA direct sequencing.

Multi-omics analysis and experiments uncover the link between cancer intrinsic drivers, stemness, and immunotherapy in ovarian cancer with validation in a pan-cancer census.

Background: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent a substantial breakthrough in cancer treatment, it is crucial to acknowledge that their efficacy is limited to a subset of patients. The heterogeneity and stemness of cancer render its response to immunotherapy variable, warranting the identification of robust biomarkers for evaluation.

Methods: Publicly available Ovarian Cancer (OV) single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequence dataset was collected and analyzed to elucidate the intrinsic driver gene of OV cancer cells.

Causal Associations Between Pre-Pregnancy Diabetes Mellitus and Pre-Eclampsia Risk: Insights from a Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background And Objectives: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication defined by the onset of hypertension and multi-organ dysfunction occurring after 20 weeks of gestation. Studies have indicated the correlation between diabetes mellitus (DM) and PE, but the causal relationship remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: The two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, including the inverse variance weighted random effects (IVW-RE) model and the traditional sensitivity model, was employed to assess the causal effects of pre-pregnancy type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) on PE using summary-level data obtained from genome-wide association studies.

Metabolic disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome: from gut microbiota biodiversity to clinical intervention.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent gynecologic endocrine disorder characterized by menstrual irregularities, elevated androgen levels, and ovulatory dysfunction. Its etiology is multifactorial. Emerging evidence indicates that PCOS patients exhibit diminished gut microbiota (GM) diversity and altered microbial ratios, contributing to the metabolic derangements observed in these individuals.

Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Cypripedium: Assessing the Roles of SSRs and TRs in the Non-Coding Regions of LSC in Shaping Chloroplast Genome Size.

is renowned for its high morphological diversity and complex genetic and evolutionary characteristics. The chloroplast genome serves as a valuable tool for investigating phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes in plants. Currently, research on the evolution of the chloroplast genome within the genus is limited due to insufficient large-scale sampling and a lack of comprehensive understanding.

Impaired Respiratory Function as an Auxiliary Marker for Disease Progression in Different Motor Subtypes of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: The mechanisms underlying respiratory function impairments in different motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) remain poorly understood.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the differences in respiratory function between the two main PD motor subtypes, tremor-dominant (TD) and postural instability gait difficulty (PIGD), and investigate their associations with disease severity.

Methods: A total of 106 PD patients (59 TD and 47 PIGD) and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled.

Effects of Various Transfer Strategies of Frozen-Thawed Cleavage-Stage and Blastocyst Embryos on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in Different Age Groups.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of different embryo transfer strategies, focusing on cleavage-stage embryos and blastocysts, on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles among women < 35 years old and ≥ 35 years old.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of 3,065 FET cycles performed between April 2015 and October 2022 categorized patients into seven groups by embryo morphology, quality, and quantity: single/double high-quality cleavage (A/B), single/double high-quality blastocyst (C/D), single/double poor-quality blastocyst (E/F), and mixed-quality blastocyst (G). Stratified by age (<35/≥35 years), outcomes (clinical pregnancy, live birth, multiple pregnancy, preterm birth) were analyzed using non-parametric tests and chi-square.