Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation: Material Types, Structural Strategies, and Emerging Applications.

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) is an emerging eco-friendly and low-carbon technology and has been widely studied in the field of photothermal applications in recent years. With the attention and development of SDIE in innovation fields, new strategies, structures, and typical materials are gradually being developed and applied. Therefore, it is important to report on these latest developments.

Rap1a regulates CUMS-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction and emotional abnormalities in mice.

Rap1a is a member of the Ras family of proteins and first came into view as an immune modulator of cells, playing roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. It is widely distributed in various tissue cells and is closely related to multiple biological functions of cells, including immunity, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and angiogenesis. Homocysteine (HCY) is a sulfur-containing non-essential amino acid that does not participate in protein synthesis.

Dynamic Fe─F Coordination Triggered Structure-Adaptive Fe-N-C for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis.

The sustainable and widespread developments of fuel cells require material innovation toward the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Although iron and nitrogen co-doped carbon material (Fe-N-C) is a promising alternative to scarce and expensive platinum-based electrocatalysts, the linear scaling relationships among the intermediates' adsorption energy limit maximum performance. Herein, we propose a coordination-adaptive catalyst design to bypass the intrinsic scaling relations through incorporating quasi-covalent Fe─F bond.

DiffRaman: A conditional latent denoising diffusion probabilistic model for enhancing bacterial identification via Raman spectra generation under limited data.

Raman spectroscopy has attracted significant attention in various biochemical detection fields, especially in the rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria. The integration of this technology with deep learning to facilitate automated bacterial Raman spectroscopy diagnosis has emerged as a key focus in recent research. However, the diagnostic performance of existing deep learning methods largely depends on a sufficient dataset, and in scenarios where there is a limited availability of Raman spectroscopy data, it is inadequate to fully optimize the numerous parameters of deep neural networks.

spp. causing root rot of in Northeast China and its potential biocontrol by FS6.

Sclerotinia root rot is one of the most destructive soilborne diseases in ginseng (Asian ginseng) production regions in China. To identify the causal pathogens, 409 isolates were recovered from ginseng plants at 11 plantations in Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Liaoning Provinces in China from 2018 to 2021. Based on morphological characteristics, sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region and the beta-tubulin gene, as well as a phylogenetic analysis, the isolates were identified as ( = 268), ( = 114), and ( = 27).

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of the causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis.

This study aimed to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. While both conditions are characterized by persistent inflammation and immune dysregulation, the direction of causality remains unclear. We performed a 2-sample bidirectional MR analysis using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies for IBD and HT.

Needs Analysis of Supportive Care for Postoperative Wound Rehabilitation in Anal Fistula Patients Based on the Kano Model.

Objective: To qualitatively analyze the supportive care needs (including health education and nursing care) of anal fistula patients after fistulotomy using the Kano model.

Methods: A total of 183 anal fistula patients who underwent fistulotomy from December 2021 to December 2023 were selected via cluster sampling. Sociodemographic data were collected, and a self-designed questionnaire based on the Kano model (validated through two rounds of expert consultation and referring to the related literature) was used to assess patients' supportive care needs.

A comparative study on the cleaning efficacy of a pulsed vacuum cleaning and disinfection device on rigid endoscopic instruments in a hospital setting.

Objective: Given the increasing demand for rapid and reliable instrument reprocessing to support surgical schedules and minimize infection risks, this study aims to explore the cleaning efficacy of a pulsed vacuum cleaning and disinfection device on rigid endoscopic instruments in a comparative hospital setting.

Methods: A total of 800 rigid endoscopic instruments scheduled for post-operative cleaning in our hospital's sterilization supply room between July and December 2024 were included in the study. After pre-treatment, the instruments were divided into two groups, with 400 instruments in each group.

Impact of a nurse-led multidomain intervention on intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults in China: a cluster randomized trial.

Background: In China, community-dwelling older adults with intrinsic capacity (IC) impairments often turn first to primary care centers, where they face increasingly complex health needs. Given the high prevalence of IC impairment among older adults in Chinese communities, there is a pressing need to explore context-specific, nurse-led multi-domain interventions to support functional ability and healthy aging.

Design: A parallel-group, cluster randomized trial conducted in September 2023, involving 86 older adults from two distinct communities.

Significant spatiotemporal shifts of land cover over the Mongolian Plateau through the past three decades.

Land cover (LC) change is a crucial indicator reflecting the interaction between human activities and ecological environment. In semi-arid and arid regions like the Mongolian Plateau (MP), LC change analysis is particularly meaningful in shaping biodiversity, agricultural and grassland environment, and climate regulation, but long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of LC change in MP remain uncertain. This study employed an intensity analysis approach to investigate LC changes over the MP from 1990 to 2020 by using a fine-scale 30 m resolution land cover dataset generated from multi-source satellite images.

Association between indoor musty odors and cognitive impairment among older adults.

Indoor pollution has been a growing concern, especially about its potential effects on human health. Musty odors are a good indicator of indoor mold contamination and have been shown to be associated with numerous diseases, but their association with cognitive function in older adults is unclear. The study's data came from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.

Aligned d-orbital energy level of dual-atom sites catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in anion exchange membrane fuel cells.

The inherent scaling relationships between adsorption energies of oxygen-containing intermediates impose an intrinsic limitation on the maximum oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, which represents one of the bottlenecks for the practical application of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). To address this challenge, we align the 3dz orbital energy levels of Fe and Co to selectively customize the dissociative ORR pathway without the formation of OOH* intermediates, circumventing the conventional OH*-OOH* scaling relations. This rational design is achieved by atomic phosphorus(P) substitution, which not only optimizes orbital matching towards O-O cis-bridge adsorption, but also stabilizes the spontaneously adsorbed OH ligand as an electronic modifier.

E3 ligase RAD18 targets phosphorylated IRF3 to terminate IFNB1 transcription.

The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) initiates type I interferon transcription, which is required for host defense. Here, we identify RAD18 as a central E3 ubiquitin ligase that selectively targets phosphorylated IRF3 (p-IRF3) for autophagic degradation. RAD18 specifically promotes the dissociation of p-IRF3 from the IFNB promoter and in turn terminates its transcriptional activity.

An ultrasmall structure-optimized vanadium oxides integrated into nitrogen-doped bead-chain-like hollow carbon nanofibers for advanced flexible cathode of zinc ion batteries.

With the rapid advancement of science and technology, rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) has garnered increasing attention in consideration of security, chemical stability and cost-effectiveness. Vanadium-based oxides have emerged as a promising high-performance electrode materials for AZIBs, owing to their high energy density, rich crystal configurations, and simple preparation process. However, the practical application of vanadium oxides is hindered by their low ion/electron transfer rate and significant capacity fading during electrochemical reactions.

Language-Driven Cross-Attention for Visible-Infrared Image Fusion Using CLIP.

Language-guided multimodal fusion, which integrates information from both visible and infrared images, has shown strong performance in image fusion tasks. In low-light or complex environments, a single modality often fails to fully capture scene features, whereas fused images enable robots to obtain multidimensional scene understanding for navigation, localization, and environmental perception. This capability is particularly important in applications such as autonomous driving, intelligent surveillance, and search-and-rescue operations, where accurate recognition and efficient decision-making are critical.

Gut-kidney axis modulation by viable and inactivated mitigates avian hyperuricemia through microbial-metabolic crosstalk.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) has become the fourth most important health-threatening risk factor after hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, but the efficacy of existing uric acid-lowering treatments (ULT) is poor, and there is an urgent need to explore novel ULT strategies. (), a next-generation probiotic, shows promise in promoting intestinal homeostasis and metabolic regulation. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential application of in ULT, but its specific mechanism has not been elucidated.

Application of metal-organic framework-based reactive oxygen species therapy in cancer.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) hold significant therapeutic potential in cancer treatment, with metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanocarriers showing considerable promise for ROS-mediated therapies. This review systematically explores the advantages of MOFs in cancer treatment, focusing on their synthesis, structure, and biological applications. It further focuses on the efficacy of MOFs in ROS therapy, emphasizing their role in modulating the tumor microenvironment through Fenton/Fenton-like reactions and enzyme-like activity.

Independent and joint associations of vision and hearing impairments with arthritis: Findings from a population-based study.

Aim: Sensory impairments (SIs), encompassing both vision impairment (VI) and hearing impairment (HI), frequently co-occur in middle-aged and older adults and are linked to various neurodegenerative conditions. This study aimed to explore both the independent and joint associations of VI and HI with the prevalence and incidence of arthritis in this population.

Methods: A total of 17 154 individuals were included in the cross-sectional analysis, with 6946 having 10-year longitudinal data available.

Boosting Electrochemical CO Reduction to Formate over La-Doped SnO via Pinning Effect and Water Activation.

Electrochemical reduction of CO to formate over Sn-based catalysts offers an effective carbon-neutral approach for chemical production and renewable energy storage. However, poor selectivity under high current densities persists, primarily due to the instability of Sn-O active sites and slow water dissociation. In this work, a La-doped SnO catalyst is synthesized for efficient CO conversion to formate.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asthma in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in children through a meta-analysis.

Data Sources: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively retrieved for studies on the prevalence and risk factors of childhood asthma (CA) published between January 1, 2015, and July 8, 2024. Studies were screened and selected based on predefined eligibility criteria, and pertinent data were extracted.

Self-Driven, Stretchable Drug Delivery Electronics for Acne Treatment.

Acne is a common skin condition caused by the blockage of hair follicles, which is often associated with adolescents. Beyond physical discomfort and potential scarring, acne can also result in mental health issues including low self-esteem and anxiety. Among all available medical treatments, topical antibiotics are effective for acne treatment due to their rapid action, anti-inflammatory properties, minimal side effects, and accessibility.

Near-Field Energy Transmission Mechanism of Switchable Quasi-Dipole Distribution in Triboelectric Interface.

Near-field energy transmission is important for wireless power supply in separated or isolated space. Electrostatic energy generated by triboelectrification is typically confined to the triboelectric interface and is hard to transmit in distance due to limited understanding of tribo-charge distribution and transfer behavior. Here, it is found that positive and negative tribo-charges spontaneously form a switchable quasi-dipole distribution at the dynamic triboelectric interface.

Exploring Cuproptosis-Related Prognostic Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Bioinformatics and In Vitro Analyses.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Cuproptosis, a newly identified form of programmed cell death, holds potential prognostic value in cancers, but its significance in HCC remains limited.

Methods: Differentially expressed cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) were identified.

Corrigendum to "Identification of gene regulatory networks associated with breast cancer patient survival using an interpretable deep neural network model" [Expert Syst. Appl. 262 (2025) 125632].

[This corrects the article PMC11643596.].

SHR-2005, an FcγR-Dependent CD40 Agonistic Antibody with Potent Antitumor Activities and Favorable Safety Profile.

Activation of CD40, a pivotal component of immune oncology, could facilitate the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment. In this investigation, we characterized SHR-2005, a second-generation CD40 agonistic mAb, as a potential candidate for cancer immune therapy. Our results showed that SHR-2005 possessed high affinity in binding to both human and rhesus CD40 and could effectively compete with CD40L for CD40 binding.