Gut-kidney axis modulation by viable and inactivated mitigates avian hyperuricemia through microbial-metabolic crosstalk.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) has become the fourth most important health-threatening risk factor after hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, but the efficacy of existing uric acid-lowering treatments (ULT) is poor, and there is an urgent need to explore novel ULT strategies. (), a next-generation probiotic, shows promise in promoting intestinal homeostasis and metabolic regulation. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential application of in ULT, but its specific mechanism has not been elucidated.

Histone lactylation-boosted AURKB facilitates colorectal cancer progression by inhibiting HNRNPM-mediated PSAT1 mRNA degradation.

Background: Aurora kinase B (AURKB), a key regulator of mitosis, is frequently upregulated in various malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC), and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the limited clinical efficacy of AURKB inhibitors suggests the existence of previously unrecognized oncogenic mechanisms that merit further investigation.

Methods: AURKB was prioritized through bioinformatic analysis, and its elevated expression in CRC was validated via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and western blot.

Bayesian Expectile Joint Model With Varying Coefficient for Longitudinal and Semi-Competing Risks Data.

In the realm of clinical medical research, semi-competing risks data are usually observed in practice, yet there are few studies on the joint models of longitudinal and semi-competing risks data. In this paper, a joint model for longitudinal and semi-competing risks data is proposed. Based on the expectile regression, a linear mixed-effects longitudinal sub-model is formulated, and a Cox proportional hazards survival sub-model is considered under the framework of semi-competing risks.

Construction of research feedback experimental teaching mode for medical undergraduate students and comparative study with traditional experimental teaching mode.

Objective: There were serious problems in the implementation process of basic medical experimental teaching, such as simple content and low innovation of experimental projects, which affected the cultivation of students' basic medical experimental skills and innovative abilities. Regarding the existing issues, we constructed the research feedback experimental teaching model (RFETM) and evaluated its teaching effectiveness.

Method: We reformed the traditional experimental teaching mode (TETM) and constructed RFETM.

PXMP2 inhibits tumor stemness and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma based on stemness risk.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease wherein cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in driving tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. This study sought to map the stemness landscape of HCC and identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.

Methods: A total of 26 stem cell gene sets were obtained from the StemChecker database.

The Influence of Several Polymer Oil Displacement Agents on the Stability of Produced Water and the Treatment Performance of Typical Nonionic Water Clarifier.

In this paper, first, the effects of four polymers, including partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide (HMPAM), surface-active polymer (SAP), and heavy oil activator (HOA), on the stability of produced water were studied, and then, the effects of the four polymers on the performance of a nonionic polyether water clarifier AE411 were compared. The results of turbiscan stability index and heart-shaped structure microfluidic chip experiments showed that the four polymers can enhance the stability of oil droplets, ranked as SAP > HMPAM > HOA > HPAM. They can increase the absolute value of oil droplet ζ-potential, the elastic modulus of the oil-water interface, and the repulsion force between oil droplets.

Correlation between ADGRV1 expression and clinical pathological and prognostic features in breast cancer.

Breast cancer, a leading global health threat with rising incidence, demands precision medicine guided by molecular subtyping. ADGRV1, an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor gene implicated in tumorigenesis but unexplored in breast cancer, was investigated using TCGA data (1,231 cases) and a local cohort (408 cases). While ADGRV1 showed no differential expression between tumors and normal tissues (P = 0.

Sclerostin in ankylosing spondylitis: A meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to assess circulating sclerostin levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: The databases of PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang Med Online Database (Wanfang), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) were used to collect all relevant published articles (up to 26 August 2024). The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by the random-effect model.

M6A Methylation Regulators METTL3 and ALKBH5 are Risk Factors for EGFR-Mutant NSCLC.

IntroductionNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for >85% of all lung cancers, is the most common solid malignant tumor, with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment is widely used clinically because the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the main driver gene of lung cancer; however, the development of drug resistance is inevitable. Epigenetic abnormalities can also lead to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance.

Orally Administered Functional Polyphenol-Nanozyme-Armored Probiotics for Enhanced Amelioration of Intestinal Inflammation and Microbiota Dysbiosis.

Maintaining microbiota balance and enhancing the antioxidant performance of nanozyme-based probiotic systems are crucial for effective inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy. Despite significant advancements, developing a green and safe coating technology that functionalizes probiotics with nanozymes while preserving the activity of both components remains a challenge. To address this, chitosan-modified epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG-CS, EC)is synthesized, leveraging the intrinsic adhesive and coordination properties of polyphenols to capture gold nanozymes (AuNPs), forming ECA complexes that enhance nanozyme activity.

LossLens: Diagnostics for Machine Learning Through Loss Landscape Visual Analytics.

Modern machine learning often relies on optimizing a neural network's parameters using a loss function to learn complex features. Beyond training, examining the loss function with respect to a network's parameters (i.e.

Global burden and trends in pre- and post-menopausal gynecological cancer from 1990 to 2019, with projections to 2040: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The global burden and trends in gynecological cancer (GC) by menopausal status worldwide remain unclear.

Methods: Data on the number of incident cases and deaths, as well as age-standardized rates (ASR) and risk factors for GC in pre- and post-menopausal women were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The estimated annual percent change was calculated to quantify the temporal trend of GC burden by menopausal status between 1990 and 2019.

Clinical application of targeted next-generation sequencing in severe pneumonia: a retrospective review.

Background: The precise identification of the underlying causes of infectious diseases, such as severe pneumonia, is essential, and the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enhanced the effectiveness of pathogen detection. However, there is limited information on the systematic assessment of the clinical use of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) in cases of severe pneumonia.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 130 patients with severe pneumonia treated in the ICU from June 2022 to June 2023.

Sucrose Stearates Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsions: Gastrointestinal Fate, Cell Cytotoxicity and Proinflammatory Effects after Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion.

Different structural composition ratios of sucrose stearates with hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance (HLB) values ranging from 1 to 16 on lipolysis in emulsion were investigated using a simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Results showed a direct correlation between the HLB values of sucrose stearates and the lipolysis rate of emulsions, and a lower HLB value led to diminished lipolysis in the GIT simulation model. Mechanism study indicated that poor emulsifying capacity of sucrose stearates and lipolysis of sucrose stearates with lower HLB value inhibited the digestive behavior of oil.

Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus metabolic relationships and reaction mechanisms in SBBR processes in the plateau habitat.

In this study, two laboratory-scale SBBR reactors were established in a plateau habitat. Using high flux sequencing, the SBBR process was compared by natural sediment and autotrophic sludge to characterize the functional modules and functional genes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus metabolism under different working conditions and to analyze the reaction mechanism. The results showed that all the functional modules of carbon metabolism and nitrogen metabolism were found in the SBBR process, except for methane metabolism, which occurred at 25 °C in tank 2, the functional modules related to methane metabolism are enhanced at all working conditions.

Highly anisotropic and elastic cellulosic scaffold guiding cell orientation and osteogenic differentiation via topological and mechanical cues.

Inspired by the similarity of anisotropic channels in wood to the canals of bone, the elastic wood-derived (EW) scaffolds with anisotropic channels were prepared via simple delignification treatment of natural wood (NW). We hypothesize that the degree of delignification will lead to differences in mechanical properties of scaffolds, which in turn directly affect the behaviors and fate of stem cells. The delignification process did not destroy the anisotropic channel structure of the scaffolds, but endowed the scaffolds with good elasticity and rapid stress relaxation.

Semiparametric multivariate joint model for skewed-longitudinal and survival data: A Bayesian approach.

Joint models and statistical inference for longitudinal and survival data have been an active area of statistical research and have mostly coupled a longitudinal biomarker-based mixed-effects model with normal distribution and an event time-based survival model. In practice, however, the following issues may standout: (i) Normality of model error in longitudinal models is a routine assumption, but it may be unrealistically violating data features of subject variations. (ii) Data collected are often featured by the mixed types of multiple longitudinal outcomes which are significantly correlated, ignoring their correlation may lead to biased estimation.

Body mass index and carpal tunnel syndrome: A case-control study.

To investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and to evaluate the relationship between electrophysiological indexes and body mass index (BMI). In the analysis of 153 hospitalized patients with CTS, the median motor conduction velocity, motor conduction amplitude, motor conduction latency, sensor conduction velocity, sensor conduction amplitude and median sensory latency were analyzed. BMI was calculated.

Susceptibility Analysis of Glacier Debris Flow Based on Remote Sensing Imagery and Deep Learning: A Case Study along the G318 Linzhi Section.

Glacial debris flow is a common natural disaster, and its frequency has been increasing in recent years due to the continuous retreat of glaciers caused by global warming. To reduce the damage caused by glacial debris flows to human and physical properties, glacier susceptibility assessment analysis is needed. Most research efforts consider the effect of existing glacier area and ignore the effect of glacier ablation volume change.

Comparative efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: A network meta-analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 4 weekly formulations of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on glycemic control, including glycemic control, by using a network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception until June 10, 2022. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) enrolling participants with diabetes mellitus type 2 and a follow-up of at least 12 weeks were included, for which 4 eligible GLP-1RAs Exenatide, Dulaglutide, Semaglutide, Loxenatide were compared with either each other or placebo.

Highly Elastic and Anisotropic Wood-Derived Composite Scaffold with Antibacterial and Angiogenic Activities for Bone Repair.

Scaffold-based tissue engineering is a promising strategy to address the rapidly growing demand for bone implants, but developing scaffolds with bone extracellular matrix-like structures, suitable mechanical properties, and multiple biological activities remains a huge challenge. Here, it is aimed to develop a wood-derived composite scaffold with an anisotropic porous structure, high elasticity, and good antibacterial, osteogenic, and angiogenic activities. First, natural wood is treated with an alkaline solution to obtain a wood-derived scaffold with an oriented cellulose skeleton and high elasticity, which can not only simulate collagen fiber skeleton in bone tissue but also greatly improve the convenience of clinical implantation.