Lactate-Modulating Nanoreactors Facilitate Self-Amplifying Pyroptosis and the cGAS-STING Cascade for Potentiated Catalytic-Immunotherapy.

The strategic induction of pyroptosis, coupled with the targeted potentiation of cGAS-STING activation, represents a promising immunostimulatory approach. Herein, an intelligent lactate-depleting LOCoF nanoreactor system is developed that orchestrated self-amplifying pyroptosis induction and cGAS-STING signaling potentiation for enhanced catalytic immunotherapy. This nanoplatform integrated cobalt fluoride (CoF) nanoparticles with lactate oxidase (LOx), endowing it with dual enzymatic capabilities.

Correction: Atomate2: modular workflows for materials science.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D5DD00019J.].

MAFF mitigates oxidative stress and pyroptosis in cardiopulmonary bypass-induced myocardium injury.

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains an indispensable technique for open-heart surgery; however, it induces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to myocardial cell damage and compromised prognosis. Optimizing myocardial protection during CPB remains a critical objective. This study aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for myocardial protection during CPB.

Upconversion optical fiber microsphere sensor designed for precise measurement of FPGA temperature.

In the realm of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) design, temperature emerges as a pivotal parameter that critically impacts system stability, reliability, energy efficiency, and fault diagnosis capabilities. Despite continuous advancements in temperature measurement technologies, real-time, rapid, and high-precision monitoring of FPGA surface temperature remains a central challenge in ensuring stable system operation, urgently requiring effective solutions. In this work, a fiber-optic temperature sensor for monitoring the surface temperature of an FPGA has been developed, featuring an upconversion luminescence-enhanced fiber microsphere structure consisting of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), ensuring high-precision temperature measurement capability.

Metabolic modulation-driven self-reinforcing pyroptosis-STING nanoadjuvant for potentiated metalloimmunotherapy.

Pyroptosis is a critical process that triggers inflammatory responses and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release, thereby activating the cGAS-STING pathway. However, tumor metabolism, particularly glycolysis, often suppresses immune activation. To address this, we developed GOCoF, a self-amplifying pyroptosis-STING nanoadjuvant that integrates glucose oxidase (GOx) with cobalt fluoride (CoF) nanoenzymes.

Integrated multi-omics analysis and machine learning identify G protein-coupled receptor-related signatures for diagnosis and clinical benefits in soft tissue sarcoma.

Background: G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) are associated with tumor development and prognosis. However, there were fewer reports of GPR-related signatures (GPRSs) in soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), and we aim to combine GPR-related genes with cellular landscape to construct diagnostic and prognostic models in STSs.

Methods: Based on AddModuleScore, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), GPR-related genes (GPRs) were screened at both the single-cell and bulk RNA-seq levels based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.

Near-infrared-triggered copper-doped carbon nitride nanocomposite inducing domino effect for synergistic tumor therapy and immune microenvironment reprogramming.

Multimodal targeted combination therapies harnessing synergistic interactions have emerged as a transformative paradigm in oncology, gradually superseding conventional monotherapies. We herein report a near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered multifunctional nanocomposite based on copper-doped graphitic-phase carbon nitride (named CNCu@HA), which efficiently eliminates tumors by inducing apoptosis, cuproptosis, and immunogenic cell death (ICD) while initiating robust immune responses. Specifically, the incorporation of copper ions enhances NIR photoabsorption and effectively separates the electron-hole pairs.

Risk factor for gametocyte carriage and gametocytemia in Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.

Background: Understanding Plasmodium sexual differentiation is crucial for blocking transmission. This study identified risk factors for gametocyte carriage and gametocytemia in P. vivax and P.

Comprehensive high-throughput sequencing analysis and verification of miRNAs isolated from bronchial epithelial cells undergoing radiation-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) constitutes a significant complication in radiotherapy for various cancers, often severely limiting its efficacy. Recent studies suggest that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of RIPF. Elucidating the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in EMT could provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying RIPF and potentially reveal therapeutic targets.

The Synergy Between In Situ Gradient Polymerization and Phase Separation Enables Practical Solid-State Ni-Rich Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional safety property. However, most of the previously reported SPEs cannot well match with high-loading and high-voltage cathodes due to their low ionic conductivity and limited anodic stability. Herein, a SPE with superior compatibility with high-loading Ni-rich cathodes is generated by in situ gradient polymerization of a deep eutectic electrolyte.

Alterations in whole-brain white matter fiber networks in individuals with autism spectrum disorder after social skills training.

Social skills training (SST) has demonstrated efficacy in improving social deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated alterations in whole-brain white matter network topology after SST in ASD individuals and explored potential correlation with improvements in social interaction deficits. 38 ASD patients aged 12 - 30 years were recruited, including 19 who completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and social responsiveness scale (SRS) assessments at both baseline and the endpoint of a 14-week SST (training group) and 19 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched patients who underwent MRI scans and SRS assessment at the same time points but did not receive SST (control group).

Atomate2: modular workflows for materials science.

High-throughput density functional theory (DFT) calculations have become a vital element of computational materials science, enabling materials screening, property database generation, and training of "universal" machine learning models. While several software frameworks have emerged to support these computational efforts, new developments such as machine learned force fields have increased demands for more flexible and programmable workflow solutions. This manuscript introduces atomate2, a comprehensive evolution of our original atomate framework, designed to address existing limitations in computational materials research infrastructure.

Effects of cilostazol for in-stent restenosis after carotid artery stenting: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: There is some controversy regarding drug therapy to prevent in-stent restenosis (ISR) after carotid artery stenting. In recent years, cilostazol has received increasing research attention. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of cilostazol on the outcome of ISR after carotid stenting.

High-resolution SAR optoelectronic processor based on sensor-less adaptive optics.

Studying phase error is central to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) research. Phase error due to the real motion status of the SAR platform and propagation effects can reduce the utility of high-resolution SAR images even with theoretical estimation-based phase error correction. Adaptive optics (AO) can be used to correct optical aberrations.

Shenzhuo formulation ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by regulating cytochrome P450-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes, marked by progressive renal damage and an inflammatory response. Although research has investigated the pathological mechanisms underlying DN, effective treatment options remain limited.

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic impact of Shenzhuo formulation (SZF) on a DN mouse model and to examine its potential molecular mechanisms using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches.

Midterm Outcomes of Castor Stent Graft in Treatment of Type B Aortic Dissection Involving Left Subclavian Artery: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Objective: For type B aortic dissection (TBAD) involving the left subclavian artery (LSA), to secure sufficient proximal landing zones, the LSA can be intentionally covered during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). This study aimed to evaluate the midterm clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment for TBAD involving the LSA using the Castor single-branched stent graft.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the midterm efficacy and safety of Cator stent graft in the treatment of type B aortic dissection involving left subclavian artery.

GSK3α negatively regulates GSK3β by decreasing its protein levels and enzymatic activity in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a crucial regulator of cellular processes, including stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Although the roles of the two GSK3 isozymes, GSK3α and GSK3β, are well documented, their specific interactions remain less understood. In this study, we explored the regulatory interplay between GSK3α and GSK3β in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs).

A Universal 6iL/E4 Culture System for Deriving and Maintaining Embryonic Stem Cells Across Mammalian Species.

The derivation of authentic embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from diverse mammalian species offers valuable opportunities for advancing regenerative medicine, studying developmental biology, and enabling species conservation. Here, we report the development of a robust, serum-free culture system, termed 6iL/E4 that enables the derivation and long-term self-renewal of ESCs from multiple mammalian species, including mouse, rat, bovine, rabbit, and human. Using systematic signaling pathway analysis, we identified key regulators-including GSK3α, STAT3, PDGFR, BRAF, and LATS-critical for ESC maintenance across species.

Selective GSK3α Inhibition Promotes Self-Renewal Across Different Stem Cell States.

Pan-GSK3α/β inhibition promotes stem cell self-renewal through activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling, but its broad effects complicate the precise control of stem cell states. Here, we show that selective inhibition of GSK3α with BRD0705 supports the long-term self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), and neural stem cells (NSCs), independent of β-catenin signaling. When combined with the tankyrase inhibitor IWR1, BRD0705 broadly supports the maintenance of diverse pluripotent stem cell states, including ESCs, EpiSCs, and formative pluripotent stem cells.

ATRX ADD domain is a versatile module for recognizing macroH2A, H3, and beyond.

Alpha Thalassemia/Mental developmental retardation, X-linked (ATRX) is an important heterochromatin regulator, frequent mutated in ATR-X syndrome and various cancers. ATRX binds a histone variant macroH2A, forming a functional axis crucial for transcription regulation and genome stability. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the ATRX-macroH2A interaction remains obscure.

Cloning, Expression, and Bioinformatics Analysis of the Gene in Lour.

As a perennial medicinal plant in the genus, Lour. faces agricultural challenges due to its prolonged vegetative and reproductive growth phases, which hinder efficient pollination and delay fruiting. To address this limitation, the present study aimed to identify the gene involved in regulating flowering in to provide a basis for research on the molecular mechanisms of early fruiting cultivars.

Consecutive wet deposition of nitrogen along half of China's coastal cities induced by Super Typhoon Muifa (2022) with multiple landfalls.

The extraordinary Super Typhoon (STY) Muifa (2022) made landfall four times and had a significant impact on the coastal regions from south to north of China. Although previous studies have demonstrated the 'pumping effect' of typhoons on the enhancement of reactive nitrogen (N) wet deposition over the ocean, it is uncertain how N deposition is influenced by typhoons that make prolonged mechanism due to multiple landfalls. In this study, the N wet deposition induced by STY Muifa was investigated from the perspective of in- and below-cloud processes based on the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System with an online tracer-tagging module.

Investigating the shared genetic architecture between obesity and depression: a large-scale genomewide cross-trait analysis.

Introduction: Increasing evidence suggests that individuals with obesity are at a higher risk of developing depression, and conversely, depression can contribute to the onset of obesity, creating a detrimental cycle. This study aims to investigate the potential shared biological pathways between obesity and depression by examining genetic correlations, identifying common polymorphisms, and conducting cross-trait genetic analyses.

Methods: We assessed the genetic correlation between obesity and depression using linkage disequilibrium score regression and high-density lipoprotein levels.

Micro-nano bubble hydrogen water irrigation improves the Cd tolerance of Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.: Rhizosphere micro-biotas modulation and oxidative stress alleviation.

The application of exogenous hydrogen has been found to be beneficial for plant resistance to cadmium (Cd) stress; however, it is difficult to apply hydrogen-rich water for long-term application in agriculture due to the low solubility and rapid fugacity of H in water. The integration of micro-nano bubble hydrogen (MNBH) water with subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) technology could address such problems. However, the adaptation and response mechanisms of plants and soil to MNBH are still poorly understood.

Bimetallic Ca/Zn Nanoagonist Remould the Immunosuppressive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Microenvironment Following Incomplete Microwave Ablation via Pyroptosis and the STING Signaling Pathway.

During the treatment of solid tumors, local therapeutic approaches carry the risk of incomplete radical cure, which may lead to rapid tumor growth. Incomplete microwave ablation (iMWA) can induce tumors to exhibit highly invasive and uncontrollable growth, which is related to the immunosuppressive microenvironment. A multifunctional bimetallic Ca/Zn nanoagonist (PZH/Zn@CaNA) with a biomimetic liposome-modified surface to tumor tissues after iMWA is developed.