Measuring the medication literacy level of community residents: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the current status and identify factors influencing the medication literacy level of community residents, providing a scientific basis to enhance medication literacy and effectively promote the safe use of medications.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2,008 community residents in Shenzhen, employing economic stratification and proportionate sampling methods. The analysis utilized various statistical methodologies, including T-tests, F-tests, multiple linear stepwise regression, and structural equation modeling to assess the current medication literacy status and the factors influencing it.

The association between Albumin-Corrected Anion Gap (ACAG) and the risk of acute kidney injury in patients with acute pancreatitis: A retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC-IV database.

Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common and severe complication of acute pancreatitis (AP), is significantly linked to patient prognosis. Albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) is a modified acid-base balance assessment metric with potential clinical significance in various critical illnesses. However, the role of ACAG in forecasting the risk of AKI in AP patients remains unclear.

DCAI: a dual cross-attention integration framework for benign-malignant classification of pulmonary nodules.

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and accurate early identification of malignant pulmonary nodules is critical for improving patient outcomes. Although artificial intelligence (AI) technology has shown promise in pulmonary nodule benign-malignant classification, existing methods struggle with modality heterogeneity and limited exploitation of complementary information across modalities. To address the above issues, we propose a novel multimodal framework, the Dual Cross-Attention Integration framework (DCAI), for benign-malignant classification of pulmonary nodules.

Investigation of Thermoelectric Properties in Altermagnet RuO.

An altermagnet, characterized by its distinctive magnetic properties, may hold potential applications in diverse fields such as magnetic materials, spintronics, data storage, and quantum computing. As a prototypical altermagnet, RuO exhibits spin polarization and demonstrates the advantageous characteristics of high electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity. These exceptional properties endow it with considerable promise in the emerging field of thermal spintronics.

Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Sponges Embedded with M2 Macrophages: An Adoptive Cell Therapy Strategy for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing.

Hydrogels possess advantages for providing a moist wound environment and enabling drug or cell delivery. Wound healing is a complex, multistage process where macrophages play a pivotal role; they influence inflammation resolution, anti-inflammatory cytokine production, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Combining hydrogel materials with adoptive M2 macrophages offers a promising adoptive cell therapy approach to accelerate healing.

Distinguishable-particle glassy crystal: The simplest molecular model of glass.

The nature of glassy dynamics and the glass transition is a long-standing problem under active debate. In the presence of a structural disorder widely believed to be an essential characteristic of structural glass, identifying and understanding key dynamical behaviors are very challenging. In this work, we demonstrate that an energetic disorder, which usually results from a structural disorder, is instead a more essential feature of glass.

Research on the use of a combination of virtual reality with 3D printing technology to address skull base fractures through precision nursing.

Background: The skull base exhibits a complex structure that contains numerous important nerves and blood vessels; furthermore, it is adjacent to important organs in the maxillofacial region. Skull base fractures are relatively common in cases involving traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Most skull base fractures are treated conservatively through absolute bed rest, which entails numerous challenges for nursing care.

Emerging Advancements in Metabolic Properties of Macrophages within Disease Microenvironment for Immune Therapy.

Background: As sentinel cells of innate immunity, macrophages exhibit microenvironment-driven functional plasticity critical for immune regulation and tissue homeostasis, yet maladaptive metabolic reprogramming-induced polarization dysregulation exacerbates disease progression by manifesting immune dysfunction.

Summary: This review systematically deciphers the metabolic signatures governing macrophage polarization - spanning amino acid metabolism, glycolytic flux, lipid dynamics, and iron homeostasis - while dissecting how pathological microenvironments (encompassing tumor niches, atherosclerotic plaques, and obese adipose tissue) co-opt these pathways to drive pathogenesis. Crucially, this analysis demonstrates that cellular metabolism dictates macrophage phenotypic/functional states across disease contexts, with comprehensive decoding of their metabolic networks emerging as imperative for developing next-generation immunotherapies.

A Universal 6iL/E4 Culture System for Deriving and Maintaining Embryonic Stem Cells Across Mammalian Species.

The derivation of authentic embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from diverse mammalian species offers valuable opportunities for advancing regenerative medicine, studying developmental biology, and enabling species conservation. Here, we report the development of a robust, serum-free culture system, termed 6iL/E4 that enables the derivation and long-term self-renewal of ESCs from multiple mammalian species, including mouse, rat, bovine, rabbit, and human. Using systematic signaling pathway analysis, we identified key regulators-including GSK3α, STAT3, PDGFR, BRAF, and LATS-critical for ESC maintenance across species.

Selective GSK3α Inhibition Promotes Self-Renewal Across Different Stem Cell States.

Pan-GSK3α/β inhibition promotes stem cell self-renewal through activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling, but its broad effects complicate the precise control of stem cell states. Here, we show that selective inhibition of GSK3α with BRD0705 supports the long-term self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), and neural stem cells (NSCs), independent of β-catenin signaling. When combined with the tankyrase inhibitor IWR1, BRD0705 broadly supports the maintenance of diverse pluripotent stem cell states, including ESCs, EpiSCs, and formative pluripotent stem cells.

Integrating differential privacy in deep reinforcement learning for sepsis treatment with pulmonary implications.

Pulmonary diseases, such as pneumonia and lung abscess, can trigger sepsis, while sepsis-induced immune dysfunction exacerbates Pulmonary tissue damage, creating a vicious cycle. Therefore, designing a safe and effective clinical treatment planning method for sepsis is critically significant. In recent years, deep reinforcement learning (DRL), as one of the artificial intelligence technologies, has achieved remarkable results in the field of sepsis treatment.

Changes in the prevalence of hepatitis B virus and its related factors in Inner Mongolia between 2006 and 2020.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in Inner Mongolia between 2006 and 2020.

Methods: The same sampling process was used in investigations conducted in 2006 and 2020. A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select subjects aged 1-60 years old from 12 cities in Inner Mongolia.

CKMT1 deficiency contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and promotes intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis via reverse electron transfer-derived ROS in colitis.

Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). As a mitochondrial isozyme of creatine kinases, which control energy metabolism, CKMT1 is thought to be a critical molecule in biological processes. However, the specific role of CKMT1 in intestinal inflammation remains largely unknown.

VTA dopaminergic neurons involved in chronic spared nerve injury pain-induced depressive-like behavior.

Affective disorders, such as depression, are commonly associated with the development of chronic pain, but the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. The dopaminergic system, located in the midbrain, is considered one of the regions where algesia and emotional processing overlap. This suggests a structural basis hypothesis for the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression, highlighting the interplay between nociceptive and affective processing.

Permeable polydimethylsiloxane microneedles for the delivery of traditional Chinese medicine elemene.

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Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns: New perspectives for mitochondria and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Mitochondria are key regulators of inflammatory responses and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to various inflammatory diseases. Increasing genetic and experimental evidence suggests that mitochondria play a critical role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the complex environment of the intestinal tract, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and their mitochondria possess unique phenotypic features, shaping each other and regulating intestinal homeostasis and inflammation through diverse mechanisms.

Labeling tumor-associated extracellular vesicles with antibody-DNA conjugates for quantitative analysis.

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) shed from tumor cells into peripheral circulation or other body fluids are promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis with enormously long circulation. Consequently, precise methods for differentiating normal and tumor-associated EVs (TAEs) are required.

Methods: This study used quantifiable antibody-DNA conjugate-assisted quantitative methods combined with proximity ligation technology to detect TAEs.

APOE Christchurch enhances a disease-associated microglial response to plaque but suppresses response to tau pathology.

Background: Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). A recent case report identified a rare variant in APOE, APOE3-R136S (Christchurch), proposed to confer resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether and how this variant exerts its protective effects.

FGF21 Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects by Promoting 5-HTR-FGFR1 Heteroreceptor Complexes and Triggering MEK-ERK Signaling Pathway.

Approaches of promoting a neural milieu permissive for plasticity and resilience against neuronal injury are important strategies for the treatment of a range of neurological disorders. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) which is known for its role as a potent regulator of glucose and energy metabolism has also proved to be neuroprotective against various mental diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive.

Observation on the therapeutic effect of probiotics on early oral feeding in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of probiotics and early oral feeding in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted involving 66 patients, who were randomly divided into a control group ( = 32) receiving standard enteral nutrition and an observation group ( = 34) receiving additional Bifidobacterium quadruplex live bacterial tablets. Serum inflammatory markers, including white blood cells (WBC), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP), were measured on days 1, 3, and 7 post-admission.

A Transformer-Based Image-Guided Depth-Completion Model with Dual-Attention Fusion Module.

Depth information is crucial for perceiving three-dimensional scenes. However, depth maps captured directly by depth sensors are often incomplete and noisy, our objective in the depth-completion task is to generate dense and accurate depth maps from sparse depth inputs by fusing guidance information from corresponding color images obtained from camera sensors. To address these challenges, we introduce transformer models, which have shown great promise in the field of vision, into the task of image-guided depth completion.

Exploring the role of Yuxuebi tablet in neuropathic pain with the method of similarity research of drug pharmacological effects based on unsupervised machine learning.

Introduction: Having multiple pharmacological effects is a characteristic of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Currently, there is a lack of suitable methods to explore and discover modern diseases suitable for TCM treatment using this characteristic. Unsupervised machine learning technology is an efficient strategy to predict the pharmacological activity of drugs.

Evaluation of prognostic risk factors of triple-negative breast cancer with F-FDG PET/CT parameters, clinical pathological features and biochemical indicators.

Introduction: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease comprising various molecular subtypes, including Luminal A, Luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) positive, and triple negative types, each with distinct biological characteristics and behaviors. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a particularly challenging subtype worldwide. Our study aims to evaluate whether Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) parameters, clinical pathological features, and biochemical indicators serve as prognostic risk factors for TNBC.

repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages with synergic nanoformulation to reverse immunosuppressive TME in mouse breast cancer for cancer therapy.

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Development of modern Chinese medicine guided by molecular compatibility theory.

Background: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has gained global attention, particularly after Professor Youyou Tu was awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin as a treatment for malaria. However, the theory behind TCM is often perceived as a "black-box" with complex components and an unclear structure and mechanism of action. This had hindered the development of TCM within the framework of modern medicine.