Modulated selectivity in oxygen reduction for FeMn-based melamine framework via differential pyrolysis.

Adjusting the selectivity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for energy technologies: the four-electron (4e) transfer enables the operation of fuel cells and metal-air batteries, while the two-electron (2e) reduction promotes the production of hydrogen peroxide (HO). However, achieving precise control over the catalytic ORR pathways remains a significant challenge. In this study, a feasible solution of tailoring differential pyrolysis was adopted to regulate the ORR selectivity of FeMn-based catalysts.

Molecular Assessment of Traditional Mongolian Medicine Tonglaga-5 in Lactulose Induced Diarrhea: An in vivo Study.

Propose: To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Tonglaga-5 (TLG5) in the treatment of chronic diarrhea.

Methods: The chemical compositions of TLG5 in both in vitro and systemic circulation were analyzed using UPLC-Q/TOF MS. Network pharmacology was applied to predict the therapeutic effects of TLG5 on chronic diarrhea.

Monitoring of the Physicochemical Properties and Aflatoxin of -Contaminated Peanut Kernels Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Learning.

This study explores the application of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with machine learning for the non-destructive detection of aflatoxin in peanuts contaminated by (). The key innovation lies in the development of an optimized spectral processing pipeline that effectively overcomes moisture interference while maintaining high sensitivity to low aflatoxin concentrations. NIR spectra were collected from peanut samples at different incubation times within the spectral range of 950 to 1650 nm.

Research on the use of a combination of virtual reality with 3D printing technology to address skull base fractures through precision nursing.

Background: The skull base exhibits a complex structure that contains numerous important nerves and blood vessels; furthermore, it is adjacent to important organs in the maxillofacial region. Skull base fractures are relatively common in cases involving traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Most skull base fractures are treated conservatively through absolute bed rest, which entails numerous challenges for nursing care.

Complementary effect of co-doping Mn and B in Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts on enhancing the oxygen reduction reaction performance.

With more flexible active sites and tunable electronic structures, electrocatalysts constructed based on doping have emerged as a frontier in various catalytic reactions. However, the mechanisms of some co-doped catalysts for the improved performance remain unclear. Herein, we report a distinctive Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst (SAC) co-doped with Mn and B, which displayed excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in an alkaline electrolyte, with a higher half-wave potential of 0.

The impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea after pulmonary vein isolation.

Background: While obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is recognized as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence following pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), the preventive efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains conflicting across studies, necessitating further validation.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis integrating data from Web of Science, PubMed, and OVID databases to evaluate the association between OSA and AF recurrence post-PVI, as well as the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

Results: OSA patients demonstrated a significantly elevated risk of AF recurrence compared to controls (RR = 1.

HELQ Maintains Genome Stability of Primordial Germ Cells by Inhibiting LINE-1 Expression.

The DNA helicase HELQ is involved in homologous recombination repair, interstrand cross-link repair, and replication stress response. Its functional defects are associated with infertility and abnormal gametogenesis. However, the specific mechanisms of HELQ in the development of germ cells remain to be elucidated.

Multi-omics analysis of gestational PM exposure induces abnormal cardiac metabolism and development in offspring.

Epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) during pregnancy may increase the risk of congenital heart disease; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gestational PM exposure on offspring cardiac development and to elucidate the potential mechanisms involved. Gestational exposure to PM significantly reduced litter size, birth weight, and offspring cardiac mass.

Quality and microbial community analysis of solid-state fermented feed with mixed bacteria from corn silage.

The efficacy of microbial fermented feeds (FF) is highly dependent on microbial composition, underscoring the need for locally sourced, cost-effective formulations to advance sustainable livestock production. In this study, bacteria from corn silage (CSB) were screened for the preparation of solid-state fermented feed (SFF). In addition, for the purpose of comparison, purchased marketed fermentation bacteria (PMB) for SFF were also tested using the same methodology.

Interaction between asthma and overweight/obesity on cancer results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018.

Asthma, overweight/obesity, and cancer are closely related major public health problems. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between asthma and overweight/obesity on the cancer risk. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018.

T-betCD8 T cells govern anti-PD-1 responses in microsatellite-stable gastric cancers.

More than 90% of advanced gastric cancers (GC) are microsatellite-stable (MSS). Compared to the high response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in microsatellite-instability-high (MSI-H) GCs, only 10% of unstratified MSS GCs respond to ICIs. In this study, we apply semi-supervised learning to stratify potential ICI responders in MSS GCs, achieving high accuracy, quantified by an area under the curve of 0.

Strategies for Altering Delivery Technologies to Optimize CAR Therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been proven to be an effective strategy for the treatment of hematological malignancies. At present, how to prepare CAR-T cells efficiently, quickly, and safely is one of the urgent problems to be solved. The durability and activity of engineered T cells in solid tumors need to be further improved, and the strategy of T cells penetrating the tumor microenvironment also needs to be improved.

The class A scavenger receptor member 3 (SCARA3) regulates cell apoptosis through X-linked apoptosis inhibitory protein (XIAP) in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.).

Class A scavenger receptor 3 (SCARA3), a macrophage scavenger receptor-like protein, plays important roles in inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In the present study, a SCARA3 gene of turbot (SmSCARA3) (Gene ID: 118289953) with an 1815 bp ORF encoding 604 amino acids was identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SmSCARA3 showed the closest relationship to that counterpart of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Kinetics of pIgR and IgM immune responses in snakehead (Channa argus) to inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila via immersion and intraperitoneal injection.

This research was intended to investigate the kinetics of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) and its ligand immunoglobulins (Ig) in snakehead (Channa argus) through different vaccine delivery methods. First, we employed Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing technology to acquire the snakehead fish's complete transcriptome, and the full coding sequence (CDS) of pIgR was identified and isolated through transcriptome sequencing named ChpIgR. The CDS sequence spanned 1251 base pairs, translating into a protein that consists of 416 amino acids and has a molecular weight of around 45.

Survey of gut microbial biogeography and their functional niche in the grow-finishing swine of ordinary feeding.

Background: Swine represent one of the most economically significant livestock worldwide, and their intestinal microbial communities are crucial for maintaining physiological development and regulating host metabolism. While extensive research has focused on the fecal microbiota of swine, investigations into microbial communities across different intestinal segments remain limited.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the intestinal microbiota of swine by analyzing luminal contents from different intestinal segments, including the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon.

Giardiavirus infection alleviates growth restriction and intestinal damage caused by the intestinal parasite Giardia duodenalis.

Background: Giardia duodenalis is a prevalent intestinal pathogen causing giardiasis, a condition characterized by diarrhea and frequently linked to malnutrition and growth impairments in children. The virulence of Giardiavirus (GLV) may efficiently clear Giardia parasites from infected patients. However, we have a limited understanding of GLV transmission among Giardia species and GLV-infected Giardia's impact on pathogenicity.

An RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-assisted method for nucleic acid detection of Haemonchus contortus in sheep.

Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus), a highly pathogenic and blood-feeding nematode, could cause haemonchosis，resulting in tens of billions of dollars in production losses and significantly impacting the development of sheep husbandry. Rapid and accurate detection methods were particularly important for the prevention and control of haemonchosis.

CRYAB is upregulated and predicts clinical prognosis in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most prevalent subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for 70% to 80% of all RCC cases. The CRYAB (αB-crystallin) gene is broadly expressed across various human tissues, yet its role in KIRC progression remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the function of CRYAB in KIRC progression and to assess its potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis, therapeutic targeting, and prognosis.

RAGE-mediated intestinal pro-inflammatory responses triggered by Giardia duodenalis.

Giardia duodenalis is a waterborne zoonotic protozoan that causes gastrointestinal inflammation. Giardiasis and metabolic illnesses share features such as chronic inflammation and intestinal symptoms. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) signaling plays a role in metabolic illnesses and intestinal inflammatory responses.

The Cu site in particulate methane monooxygenase may be used to produce hydrogen peroxide.

Particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is the most efficient of the two groups of enzymes that can hydroxylate methane. The enzyme is membrane bound and therefore hard to study experimentally. For that reason, there is still no consensus regarding the location and nature of the active site.

Specifying the Associations between PM Constituents and Gastrointestinal Cancer Incidence: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study in Beijing, China.

This study aimed to test the association between PM and the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, and further to detect the primary constituents on this association. A sum of 142,982 participants without GI cancer at baseline were derived from the National Urban Cancer Screening Program in Beijing (2013-2019). The 5 year averaged concentrations of PM mass and its five constituents, namely, black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH), nitrate (NO), organic matter (OM), and inorganic sulfate (SO), were estimated by using a hybrid machine learning model.

MST1, a novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease, regulates mitochondrial homeostasis by mediating mitochondrial DNA transcription and the PI3K-Akt-ROS pathway.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent irreversible neurodegenerative condition marked by gradual cognitive deterioration and neuronal loss. The mammalian Ste20-like kinase (MST1)-Hippo pathway is pivotal in regulating cell apoptosis, immune response, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress. However, the association between MST1 and mitochondrial function in AD remains unknown.

Facial Artery Branch Thrombolysis for Nasal Vascular Embolism Induced by Hyaluronic Acid Injection.

Background: Vascular embolism is a severe complication following hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections, with hyaluronidase injection being the most effective treatment. The nasal region, including the nose and nasolabial fold, is the most common site of vascular embolism after facial HA injections. Currently, there is insufficient clinical evidence regarding the benefits of facial artery thrombolysis.