Giardiavirus infection alleviates growth restriction and intestinal damage caused by the intestinal parasite Giardia duodenalis.

Background: Giardia duodenalis is a prevalent intestinal pathogen causing giardiasis, a condition characterized by diarrhea and frequently linked to malnutrition and growth impairments in children. The virulence of Giardiavirus (GLV) may efficiently clear Giardia parasites from infected patients. However, we have a limited understanding of GLV transmission among Giardia species and GLV-infected Giardia's impact on pathogenicity.

Establishment of an ultrasensitive and visual detection platform for Neospora caninum based-on the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a system.

Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes neosporosis in cattle, and leads to a high rate of abortion and severe financial losses. Rapid and accurate detection is particularly important for preventing and controlling neosporosis. In our research, a highly effective diagnostic technique based on the RPA-CRISPR/Cas system was created to successfully identify N.

Giardia VSPAS7 protein attenuates Giardia intestinalis-induced host macrophage pyroptosis.

Background: The unicellular protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis, which primarily infects humans and animals such as cattle and sheep, is having a major negative impact on public health. Giardia is able to evade the recognition and elimination of the host immune system because of the trophozoite surface and extracellular vesicles (EVs) covered by variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs). As key proteins for immune evasion, whether VSPs can regulate Giardia-induced pyroptosis and promote Giardia evasion of host immune responses has not been reported.

Prevalence of fish-borne zoonotic trematode infection in Jilin Province, China.

Fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZTs) are the most serious food-borne parasites in Asia and have become a burden to public health and a new challenge in food safety. In Jilin Province, China, the prevalence of FZTs in intermediate and definitive hosts has not been extensively explored. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of FZTs in Jilin Province, China.

Induces Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Mouse Macrophages TLR9-Mediated p38 and ERK Signaling Pathways.

, also known as or , is an important opportunistic, pathogenic, zoonotic, protozoan parasite that infects the small intestines of humans and animals, causing giardiasis. Several studies have demonstrated that innate immunity-associated Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical for the elimination of ; however, whether TLR9 has a role in innate immune responses against infection remains unknown. In the present study, various methods, including reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, inhibitor assays, and small-interfering RNA interference, were utilized to probe the role of TLR9 in mouse macrophage-mediated defenses against virus (GLV)-free or GLV-containing trophozoites.

Construction and evaluation of a fluorescence-based live attenuated Escherichia coli delivery system for generating oral vaccine candidate.

Enter toxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major pathogen of swine industry that can have a substantial impact on morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective vaccines for the prevention of ETEC infection. Live attenuated bacteria delivery system are effective tools for mucosal immunization.

Simultaneous oral immunization of mice with live attenuated Escherichia coli expressing LT192-STa 13 and LT 192-STb fusion immunogen, respectively, for polyvalent vaccine candidate.

Previous epidemiological study showed that most of the porcine enterotoxin Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains harbor multiple enterotoxins but lack any of the fimbriae or non-fimbrial adhesion genes. Therefore, effective ETEC vaccines need to aim directly at all the enterotoxin antigens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the simultaneous immune effect of two live attenuated E.

Generation of an attenuated strain oral vaccine candidate using a novel double selection platform in Escherichia coli.

Live attenuated bacteria delivered orally are interesting tools for mucosal immunization. The objective of this study was to construct a novel counter-selection platform based on an attenuated wild-type Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain and to utilize it for the delivery of LTR192G-STaA13Q fusion protein as an oral vaccine.