Salicylic acid reduces ELF3 phase separation and suppresses thermomorphogenic growth in Arabidopsis.

Salicylic acid (SA), a long-characterized defense hormone, is increasingly recognized for its roles in plant growth and development. However, its involvement in mediating plant growth responses to environmental cues remains less understood. Here, we show that SA negatively affects thermomorphogenic growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Synergistic modification of chestnut powder via Lactobacillus plantarum and pullulanase: Promotion of resistant starch formation and structural-functional enhancement.

Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) is a nutritionally dense food, notably rich in starch, making it an important natural source of carbohydrates and energy for human diets. However, its high content of rapidly digestible starch (RDS) limits its use in low-glycemic-index (GI) food products. This study developed a synergistic bioprocess combining Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation and pullulanase-catalyzed debranching to enhance the nutritional and structural characteristics of chestnut powder.

Piezo knockdown reduces 5‑hydroxytryptamine release from enterochromaffin cells and exacerbates intestinal dyskinesia in mice with functional constipation.

Enterochromaffin (EC) cell dysfunction decreases 5‑hydroxytryptamine (5‑HT) secretion, contributing to functional constipation (FC). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Piezo ion channels mediate 5‑HT release from EC cells.

N-acetylcarnosine attenuates age-associated declines in multi-organ systems to improve survival.

Histidine containing dipeptides (HCDs) such as N-acetylcarnosine are endogenous metabolites that are ergogenic and mitigate metabolic dysfunction. We previously demonstrated that short-term N-acetylcarnosine treatment is highly efficacious in protecting muscle atrophy induced by disuse. Here we demonstrate that a 6-months treatment of N-acetylcarnosine attenuates a broad spectrum of age-associated maladies and improved survival by ∼50% in female mice.

Lactylation formation, gene regulation, biological functions, and clinical relevance.

Lactate, as an end-product of glycolysis, has been considered as a metabolic waste that participates in a few physiological functions. Recently, a novel study by Zhao's laboratory reported that lactate can serve as an epigenetic modification substrate, causing histone or nonhistone lysine residues to undergo lactylation, which then regulates gene transcription, translation, and protein function. Subsequent studies confirmed that lactylation plays an important role in a series of physiological and pathological processes, such as inflammation, cancer, and other biological processes.

Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Capacity, and α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effects of 29 Faba Bean ( L.) Varieties from China.

Faba bean ( L.), a nutrient-rich legume beneficial to human health, is valued for its high L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and phenolic content. This study investigated phytochemical diversity and bioactivity across 29 Chinese faba bean varieties.

1+1>2: Synergistic Integration and Biomedical Applications of Nanozyme@Hydrogel Platforms.

Nanozyme-based therapies have shown substantial promise in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer applications. The success of nanozymes in these areas largely depends on strategies such as chemical modification, ligand coupling, or carrier encapsulation, which enhance their in vivo stability and catalytic activity. Hydrogels, characterized by their soft, water-swollen three-dimensional (3D) networks, possess unique features such as biodegradability, tunable physicochemical properties, and injectability.

Role of LPC 18:1 in the Lipid Metabolic Response to Combined Vitamin D and Resistance Exercise for Protecting Diabetic Skeletal Muscle Function.

Purpose: We have previously found that vitamin D and resistance exercise synergistically improve type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related skeletal muscle atrophy. This study aims to investigate the impact of varying exercise intensity on synergistic effects of vitamin D and resistance exercise on their efficacy in improving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced myopathy, and further elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Methods: We compared the effects of vitamin D combined with low-, moderate- and high-intensity resistance exercise on metabolic status and skeletal muscle function.

Colorectal mucosal exposure area assessment based on artificial intelligence: a multi-center, prospective, observational study.

Background: This study proposed a new quality control indicator, cumulative colorectal mucosal exposure area (CCMEA) for colonoscopy to assess mucosal exposure, constructed CCMEA system based on deep learning. and validated the indicator in a multi-center prospective observational study.

Methods: The CCMEA system worked based on ResNet50 and UNet++.

Automatic detection and prediction of epileptic EEG signals based on nonlinear dynamics and deep learning: a review.

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting ~50 million patients worldwide (30% refractory cases) with complex dynamical behavior governed by nonlinear differential equations. Seizures severely impact patients' quality of life and may lead to serious complications. As a primary diagnostic tool, electroencephalography (EEG) captures brain dynamics through non-stationary time series with measurable chaotic and fractal properties.

Contribution of S1pr1-featured astrocyte subpopulation to cisplatin-induced neuropathic pain in male mice.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy accompanied by neuropathic pain (CIPN) is a major neurotoxicity of cisplatin, a platinum-based drug widely used for lung, ovarian, and testicular cancer treatment. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy accompanied by neuropathic pain causes drug discontinuation and severely affects life quality with no FDA-approved interventions. We previously reported that platinum-based drugs increase levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in the spinal cord and drive CIPN through activating the S1P receptor subtype 1 (S1PR1).

[Treatment strategies for immature permanent teeth under general anesthesia].

Immature permanent teeth refer to those that have erupted but have not yet formed and matured in terms of shape and structure. The characteristics of their disease onset and treatment methods are different from those of ordinary permanent teeth. Children with special healthcare needs often lack the capacity to cooperate during routine dental procedures, making treatment under general anesthesia (GA) the preferred option.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis amplifies thiram hepatotoxicity via a mitochondrial-autophagy-apoptosis nexus orchestrated by the gut-liver axis.

Thiram, an environmentally persistent pesticide, poses significant hepatotoxic risks through oral exposure. However, the mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis to hepatic cell death remain unclear. Using a 5-week thiram exposure mouse model, we demonstrate that thiram-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis amplifies hepatotoxicity by disrupting the mitochondrial-autophagy-apoptosis axis via the gut-liver axis.

A national survey on the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and artificial intelligence: attitudes and perceptions from the individuals with health needs.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an indispensable role in the healthcare system. Artificial intelligence (AI) opens a new pathway for TCM modernization, while also addressing critical healthcare challenges. The present national survey was conducted to assess the attitudes and perceptions of individuals with health needs regarding the integration of TCM with AI.

In vivo Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Palbociclib and Rivaroxaban or Apixaban: Implications for Increased Drug Exposure and Dose Adjustments.

Background: Apixaban and rivaroxaban are oral direct factor Xa inhibitors, primarily eliminated through CYP3A4-mediated metabolism and direct intestinal excretion. Previous studies suggest that palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, may increase the systemic exposure of these anticoagulants; however, the specific pharmacokinetic mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effects of palbociclib on the pharmacokinetics of apixaban and rivaroxaban using a rat model to optimize combined drug regimens.

The deglycosylated metabolite of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D- glucoside contributes to immune-mediated hepatotoxicity induced by Polygonum multiflorum.

Polygonum multiflorum (PM) has been reported to cause immune-mediated idiosyncratic liver injury. 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG) has been identified as a hepatotoxic constituent responsible for PM-induced hepatotoxicity. Covalent protein modification by reactive metabolites plays a crucial role in herb and drug-induced liver injury.

Early thelarche, reproductive hormones, and MRI-based breast density: a prospective study in China.

Background: The age of thelarche in girls has declined globally. While earlier menarche has been linked to higher breast density - a known risk factor for breast cancer - the association between earlier thelarche and breast density remains unclear.

Methods: 114 Girls presenting with idiopathic central precocious puberty without medication (ICPP), early thelarche (ET), and normal age at thelarche (NT) were recruited from pediatric endocrine clinics of three hospitals during the year of 2020-2021 in Hefei, Anhui Province, China and were followed up for 3-5 years.

Differential placebo effect of sham acupuncture for chronic pain: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The clinical effects of acupuncture are often underestimated due to the placebo effect of sham acupuncture. While multiple sham acupuncture methods have been used in clinical practice, it is challenging to select the appropriate sham acupuncture technique due to the lack of head-to-head trials.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the differential placebo effects of diverse sham acupuncture interventions, providing evidence-based guidance for selecting optimal placebo controls in clinical practice.

Long-read sequencing identifies ATXN3 repeat expansions, and transcriptomics reveals disease progression biomarkers and druggable targets for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

Background: Hereditary ataxias (HAs) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive cerebellar degeneration, with autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) representing the most prevalent subtype. SCA3, the most common form worldwide, is caused by CAG repeat expansions in ATXN3, resulting in pathogenic ataxin-3 aggregation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving disease progression remain incompletely understood.

Ultrahigh pressure compaction-resistant thin film crosslinked composite reverse osmosis membranes.

In this study, we present a class of thin-film crosslinked (TFX) composite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes that resist physical compaction at ultrahigh pressures (up to 200 bar). Since RO membranes experience compaction at virtually all pressure ranges, the ability to resist compaction has widespread implications for RO membrane technology. The process described herein involves crosslinking a phase inverted porous polyimide (PI) support membrane followed by interfacial polymerization of a polyamide layer, thereby forming a fully thermoset composite membrane structure.

The Impact of Different Sports on Reducing Mobile Phone Addiction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

This study employed network meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of several exercise interventions on mobile phone addiction. The aim is to determine the most effective exercise intervention measures and establish a reference for future intervention measures to improve mobile phone addiction. We systematically searched the relevant literature on the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge, Wanfang and other domestic and foreign databases.

Apyrase in horticultural crops: insights into growth, stress adaptation and quality regulation.

Apyrases are a kind of nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases that catalyze the removal of the terminal phosphate group from nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) or nucleoside diphosphate (NDP). They also function either intracellularly or extracellularly in mediating the NTP/NDP homeostasis critical for plant growth, development, senescence, stress response and adaptation. Initial studies elucidated the biochemistry, structure and function of plant apyrases, while the recent progresses include the crystallography, newly discovered interaction partners and downstream targets for diverse apyrases.

Potential role of immune-related LncRNAs in prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: an integrative study.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global health concern with persistently high incidence and mortality rates. Immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC, yet their precise mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated.

Objective: This study aims to explore the potential roles of immune-related lncRNAs in HCC patients through systematic biological approaches, integrating clinical data with bioinformatics analysis, and to construct a COX regression model for predicting patient survival.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inhibition Alleviates Tourniquet-Induced Limb Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Tourniquet-induced limb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can cause significant skeletal muscle damage, yet the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in this context remains poorly understood. In this study, a mouse model of hindlimb I/R injury was established by applying an orthodontic rubber band for 4 h, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. To investigate the involvement of ER stress and the therapeutic potential of sodium 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), a clinically available ER stress inhibitor, mice were pretreated with 4-PBA (40 or 100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) before ischemia.

Comparison of the accuracy of predictive models in early detection of clinically relevant posthepatectomy liver failure.

Background: Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a leading cause of perioperative mortality following liver resection. Early detection and prediction of clinically relevant post-hepatectomy liver failure (CR-PHLF) remain critical but challenging. Lactate has shown promise as a biomarker, but its predictive power when combined with other factors remains unclear.