Knockout of the SfVipR1 gene confers high-level resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa toxin in Spodoptera frugiperda.

Background: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins, including crystalline (Cry) proteins and vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips), are extensively used in transgenic crops due to their efficacy, low environmental impact, and safety. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, has evolved practical resistance to Cry1Fa, yet no practical resistance to Vip3Aa has been documented. However, both laboratory selection and field screen studies indicate a high potential for this pest to evolve resistance to Vip3Aa, making it crucial to evaluate potential resistance genes.

A national survey on how to improve the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and artificial intelligence: Attitudes and perceptions from medical staff.

Background: With the significant development of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years, the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) urgently require the help of AI technology. The present study was to evaluate the attitudes and perceptions of medical staff towards the integration of TCM and AI development.

Methods: A cross-sectional national survey was conducted at 13 medical institutions across China.

A national survey on the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and artificial intelligence: attitudes and perceptions from the individuals with health needs.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an indispensable role in the healthcare system. Artificial intelligence (AI) opens a new pathway for TCM modernization, while also addressing critical healthcare challenges. The present national survey was conducted to assess the attitudes and perceptions of individuals with health needs regarding the integration of TCM with AI.

Analysis of melatonin simulated metabolism based on electrochemistry coupled online with high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Online electrochemistry coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (EC-HPLC-MS) technology has emerged as a powerful tool for simulating biological metabolism and pollutant degradation research due to its unique complementary advantages. This study focuses on melatonin, an important endogenous neuroendocrine hormone characterized by its indole ring structure, as a model compound to investigate electrochemical metabolic simulation. The metabolic process of melatonin was mimicked through linear sweep or constant-potential electrolysis, with the resulting electrolysis products directly transferred to an MS or HPLC-MS system for real-time separation and detection.

Waste-to-resource: Utilization of carbon dots derived from proliferating Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh for fluorescent detection of levofloxacin.

The recurrent proliferation and blooms of Sargassum have emerged as a major environmental challenge in tropical and temperate coastal regions, with profound implications for ecological balance, economic stability, and societal well-being. Levofloxacin (LVF), a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is physiologically toxic and its residues and accumulation in the aquatic environment have become a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. This work presents a novel approach for the fluorescent detection of LVF, a common antibiotic in environmental waters, using carbon dots derived from the abundant invasive seaweed Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C.

Garnering sensitivity: A horseradish peroxidase and MoS@black phosphorene based electrochemical biosensor for glyphosate detection.

Glyphosate (GLY) is one of the most widely used herbicides, and the presence of its residues in food samples poses a threat to human health. Developing a monitoring system could help address food safety concerns. This study presents an innovative electrochemical sensing platform to detect GLY, which employs molybdenum disulfide (MoS) and black phosphorene (BP) nanocomposites (MoS@BP) with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for the working electrode modification.

A Resident-Led Quality Improvement Initiative to Increase End-of-Life Planning in Primary Care.

Despite many benefits of end-of-life (EOL) planning, only 1 in 3 adults has EOL documentation, with low rates in resident primary care clinics as well. To increase clinic completion of life-sustaining treatment (LST) notes and advance directives (AD) for veterans at highest risk for death. The setting was a Veterans Affairs (VA) internal medicine primary care clinic.

Preoperative parent education and postoperative nurse-led care for boys versus routine hospital care for urethroplasty for hypospadias in Western China: a retrospective study.

Background/aim: Urethroplasty is the preferred treatment for hypospadias but is affected by the severity of anomalies, making it a complex procedure with potential postoperative complications. Following surgery, parents receive instructions and recommendations, whether from nurses or physicians, regardless of complication rates. However, nurses play a crucial role in educating caregivers before surgery and providing postoperative care during follow-up.

Portable wireless electrochemical sensing of breviscapine using core-shell ZIFs-derived Co nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon nanotube polyhedra-modified electrode.

A core-shell ZIF-67@ZIF-8-derived Co nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon nanotube polyhedra (Co/C-NCNP) hybrid nanostructure was prepared by a pyrolysis method. The synthesized Co/C-NCNP was modified on the screen-printed carbon electrode and used for the portable wireless sensitive determination of breviscapine (BVC) by differential pulse voltammetry. The Co/C-NCNP had a large surface area and excellent catalytic activity with increasing Co sites to combine with BVC for selective determination, which led to the improvement of the sensitivity of the electrochemical sensor.

Skin characterization of diabetes mellitus revealed by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography imaging.

Significance: Diabetes can lead to the glycation of proteins and dysfunction of skin collagen. Skin lesions are a prevalent clinical symptom of diabetes mellitus (DM). Early diagnosis and assessing the efficacy of treatment for DM are crucial for patient health management.

Preparation of electrochemical horseradish peroxidase biosensor with black phosphorene-zinc oxide nanocomposite and their applications.

In this work, a novel and sensitive electrochemical biosensor was constructed based on a black phosphorene (BP) and nanosized zinc oxide (ZnO@BP) nanocomposite as a modifier, which was used for the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on a carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE). The ZnO@BP nanocomposite was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method with stripped black phosphorus nanoplates and ZnO. The ZnO@BP and HRP-modified electrode was developed by a casting method.

Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Horseradish Peroxidase and Black Phosphorene Quantum Dot Modified Electrode.

Black phosphorene quantum dots (BPQDs) were prepared by ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation and centrifugation with morphologies proved by TEM results. Furthermore, an electrochemical enzyme sensor was prepared by co-modification of BPQDs with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on the surface of a carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) for the first time. The direct electrochemical behavior of HRP was studied with a pair of well-shaped voltammetric peaks that appeared, indicating that the existence of BPQDs was beneficial to accelerate the electron transfer rate between HRP and the electrode surface.

Paravertebral Block Under Direct Vision Versus Local Anesthetic Infiltration for Pediatric Thoracoscopic Surgery.

For children with congenital lung malformations (CLMs), there is insufficient evidence of the efficacy of direct visual paravertebral block (PVB). We aimed to evaluate its effectiveness and safety by comparing it with local anesthetic infiltration (LAI). This was a nonrandomized control study of CLMs in children younger than 3 years of age who underwent thoracoscopic surgery in our hospital from January to December 2020.

An optical clearing imaging window: Realization of mouse brain imaging and manipulation through scalp and skull.

Cortical visualization is essential to understand the dynamic changes in brain microenvironment under physiopathological conditions. However, the turbid scalp and skull severely limit the imaging depth and resolution. Existing cranial windows require invasive scalp excision and various subsequent skull treatments.

A Portable Wireless Intelligent Nanosensor for 6,7-Dihydroxycoumarin Analysis with A Black Phosphorene and Nano-Diamond Nanocomposite-Modified Electrode.

In this work, a novel portable and wireless intelligent electrochemical nanosensor was developed for the detection of 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (6,7-DHC) using a modified screen-printed electrode (SPE). Black phosphorene (BP) nanosheets were prepared via exfoliation of black phosphorus nanoplates. The BP nanosheets were then mixed with nano-diamond (ND) to prepare ND@BP nanocomposites using the self-assembly method, achieving high environmental stability.

Systematic analysis of brain and skull ischemic injury expression profiles reveals associations of the tumor immune microenvironment and cell death with ischemic stroke.

Background: Previous studies have shown that stroke is a potential first sign of neoplasia, but the relationship between stroke and cancer remains unclear. As a complex brain disease, ischemic stroke involves cell death and immunity. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the association of the tumor immune microenvironment and cell death with ischemic stroke.

Students Can (Mostly) Recognize Effective Learning, So Why Do They Not Do It?

Cognitive psychology research has emphasized that the strategies that are effective and efficient for fostering long-term retention (e.g., interleaved study, retrieval practice) are often not recognized as effective by students and are infrequently used.

Preparation and Application of Electrochemical Horseradish Peroxidase Sensor Based on a Black Phosphorene and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposite.

To design a new electrochemical horseradish peroxidase (HRP) biosensor with excellent analytical performance, black phosphorene (BP) nanosheets and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) nanocomposites were used as the modifier, with a carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) as the substrate electrode. The SWCNTs-BP nanocomposite was synthesized by a simple in situ mixing procedure and modified on the CILE surface by the direct casting method. Then HRP was immobilized on the modified electrode with Nafion film.

In-situ growth of nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dots on black phosphorus for electrochemical DNA biosensor of Escherichia coli O157: H7.

Sensitive and accurate detection technology for pathogenic bacteria is of great social and economic significance in foodborne disease and food safety. In this paper, a novel portable electrochemical DNA biosensor for the detection of specific DNA sequence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157: H7 was constructed.

The pharmacokinetics of oral trazpiroben (TAK-906) after organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1/1B3 inhibition: A phase I, randomized study.

Trazpiroben is a dopamine D /D receptor antagonist under development for the treatment of gastroparesis. This phase I, open-label, randomized, two-way crossover study (NCT04121078) evaluated the effect of single-dose intravenous rifampin, a potent inhibitor of the organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) 1B1 and 1B3, on the pharmacokinetics and safety of trazpiroben in healthy adults. The utility of coproporphyrin (CP) I and CPIII as biomarkers of OATP inhibition was also assessed.

Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of trazpiroben (TAK-906) in the presence and absence of the proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole.

Trazpiroben, a dopamine D /D receptor antagonist under development to treat gastroparesis, displays decreasing solubility with increasing pH. This single-sequence, open-label, two-period, crossover study evaluated the effect of esomeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor that raises gastric pH, on the single-dose pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of trazpiroben in healthy adults (NCT03849690). In total, 12 participants were enrolled and entered period 1 (days 1-3), receiving a single oral dose of trazpiroben 25 mg on day 1.

The Regulation of let-7c-5p on the Biological Characteristics of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Targeting AURKB.

To study the modulatory mechanism of let-7c-5p on the biological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells by targeting AURKB. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by bioinformatics analysis. CCK-8, colony formation, scratch healing, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays were employed to test biological functions of LUAD cells.

A histone H3K4me1-specific binding protein is required for siRNA accumulation and DNA methylation at a subset of loci targeted by RNA-directed DNA methylation.

In plants, RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is a well-known de novo DNA methylation pathway that involves two plant-specific RNA polymerases, Pol IV and Pol V. In this study, we discovered and characterized an RdDM factor, RDM15. Through DNA methylome and genome-wide siRNA analyses, we show that RDM15 is required for RdDM-dependent DNA methylation and siRNA accumulation at a subset of RdDM target loci.

Organic pollutants in sedimentary microplastics from eastern Guangdong: Spatial distribution and source identification.

Microplastics have a strong affinity for potentially toxic organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Since 2005, the International Pellet Watch used plastic pellets to monitor hydrophobic organic contaminants in marine environments. We examined the spatial distribution and sources of 16 PAHs and eight OCPs on microplastics (pellets, fragments, and foam) collected from eastern Guangdong beaches with the goal of evaluating the feasibility of exclusively using pellets in global monitoring of hydrophobic organic contaminants.