Changes in environmental conditions regulate the biodiversity of planktonic microeukaryotes mediated by the dispersal-selection relationships in river: an example of the Beipan River, Guizhou, China.

River planktonic microeukaryotes (phytoplankton and zooplankton) underpin aquatic ecosystem function, yet how environmental change regulates their biodiversity via assembly mechanisms remains poorly understood. Using eDNA metabarcoding along China's Beipan River, partitioned by a barrier dam into environmentally heterogeneous upstream and stable downstream regions, we assessed plankton diversity and the roles of dispersal and environmental selection. Phytoplankton exhibited higher alpha- and beta-diversity than zooplankton, attributed to stronger dispersal but weaker selection.

Uncovering Low-Dimensional Manifolds of Neural Dynamics for Motor-Imagery Based Stroke Rehabilitation: An EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interface Study.

Stroke rehabilitation aims to repair neural circuits and dynamics through the remapping of neuronal functions. However, there is currently a gap in understanding the alteration of neural population dynamics-the fundamental computational unit driving functions-under clinical settings. In this study, we introduced a novel method to identify stable low-dimensional structures of neural population dynamics in stroke patients during motor tasks.

Achieving 766.5 Wh kg Electrode-Level Energy Density via Solid-State Cathode Integrating Ultrahigh Nickel Oxide and Lithium Iron Chloride.

Coupling chloride solid electrolytes (SEs) with ultrahigh-nickel oxide cathodes (LiNiCoMnO, > 0.9) exhibits higher interfacial stability and better safety than traditional sulfide SE-based cathodes. However, the inevitable ∼30 wt% addition of inactive chloride SEs for sufficient Li percolation sacrifices the electrode-level energy density.

Determination of intramolecular isotope effects in the Be+(2P3/2) + HD reaction.

Isotope effects in the Be+(2P3/2) + HD reaction were investigated using an integrated ion trap and high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer at a collision energy of 285 K (Ecoll/kB). The total rate constant was measured to be (1.4 ± 0.

Improved Bayesian optimization of laser-driven plasma surface high harmonic generation.

Plasma surface high-order harmonics generation (SHHG) driven by intense laser pulses on plasma targets enables a high-quality extreme ultraviolet (EUV) source with high pulse energy and outstanding spatiotemporal coherence. Optimizing the performance of SHHG is important for its applications in single-shot imaging and EUV absorption spectroscopy. In this work, we demonstrate the optimization of laser-driven SHHG by an improved Bayesian strategy.

High dynamic range fringe projection profilometry with binary fringes differencing demodulation.

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) using gray-scale patterns like sinusoidal stripes often encounters challenges for high dynamic range (HDR) applications. These challenges arise due to the presence of shiny surfaces or abrupt changes in reflectivity, leading to either reconstruction failure or substantial errors. We present a robust modulation and reconstruction method that divides the grayscale sinusoidal fringe into eight binary fringes and employs a differencing approach to mitigate HDR surface interference and enable demodulation, significantly reducing vulnerability to reflectivity fluctuations.

Large depth-of-field 3D measurement with multi-view fusion in MEMS-based structured light field.

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is widely used in industrial metrology and 3D scanning. However, relying on traditional lens-based imaging mechanism, existing FPP systems face challenges in achieving high-precision measurement over large depth range. To overcome this limitation, this paper presents an approach integrating micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) projection with light field imaging (LFI).

Growth factor independence 1 ameliorates osteoarthritis by inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis via inactivation of MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease, characterized by cartilage deterioration, which is closely associated with chondrocyte ferroptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of previously unexplored gene, growth factor independence 1 () in chondrocyte ferroptosis, in order to provide a new therapeutic target for OA.

Methods: The expression of ferroptotic hallmarks and Gfi1 were analyzed in human and mice OA cartilages and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced primary chondrocytes.

Metagenomic analysis reveals Northwest Pacific Ocean as a reservoir and evolutionary hub of antibiotic resistance genes.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were identified as a novel type of environmental contaminants. Ocean is thought to be one of the ultimate environments where ARGs gathered. Marine ecosystems represent vast reservoirs of ARGs, yet their dynamics in open-ocean environments remain poorly characterized.

Nrf2 Drives Epigenetic Reprogramming and Acts as the Master Regulator of KLF4 Expression and Activity in Arsenic-Induced Transformation.

Emerging evidence suggests that Nrf2 plays a pro-carcinogenic role in multiple cancers. Previous studies have shown that arsenic-induced Nrf2 activation drives metabolic reprogramming, leading to the formation of cancer stem-like cells. Here, we further demonstrate that KLF4, a key pluripotency factor, is a direct transcriptional target of Nrf2 in arsenic-treated human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B).

Large language model-driven natural language interaction control framework for single-operator bimanual teleoperation.

Bimanual teleoperation imposes cognitive and coordination demands on a single human operator tasked with simultaneously controlling two robotic arms. Although assigning each arm to a separate operator can distribute workload, it often leads to ambiguities in decision authority and degrades overall efficiency. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel bimanual teleoperation large language model assistant (BTLA) framework, an intelligent co-pilot that augments a single operator's motor control capabilities.

Nearfield Vortex Dynamics of Supercell Bloch Modes.

Densely arranged optical vortices are natural solutions of high-symmetry Bloch modes in photonic crystals. However, strict symmetry constraints limit the potential spatial configurations of nearfield vortices, restricting the control over light-matter interaction. Here, we demonstrate a nearfield vortex dynamic within a supercell photonic crystal.

Searching for Axionlike Particles with X-Ray Observations of Alpha Centauri.

We investigate the production of axionlike particles (ALPs) in stellar cores, where they interact with electromagnetic fields and electrons, with typical masses between O(0.1) and O(10)  keV. These low-energy ALPs are gravitationally trapped in the orbits of stars and subsequently decay into two photons that we detect as monochromatic x-ray lines.

Genome-wide mapping of arsenic-activated Nrf2 reveals metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in induced pluripotent stem cells.

Arsenic (As) is a well-established environmental carcinogen known to induce malignant transformation and cancer stem-like cell (CSC) properties in somatic cells, with Nrf2 functioning as a central regulator. However, the impact of chronic As exposure on pluripotent stem cells, particularly through Nrf2-mediated epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming, remains largely unexplored. In this study, we chronically exposed human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs, Nips-B2) to an environmentally relevant concentration of trivalent arsenic (0.

Global Burden of Pediatric Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2021: Analysis of the GBD 2021 Study.

: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major contributor to childhood cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in low-resource settings. This study offers a thorough evaluation of the global, regional, and national burden of RHD among children aged 0-14 years, from 1990 to 2021, utilizing data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. : We analyzed age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for RHD in 204 countries and territories.

Occurrence and microbial remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals pollution in soils.

The presence of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals presents a widespread environmental challenge in industrial areas. Unlike single-pollutant systems, co-pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals exhibits synergistic toxicity that weakens traditional remediation technologies. This review systematically examines microbial remediation strategies for such co-polluted soils, focusing on three levels of intervention: functional microorganisms, compost-based enhancement, and engineered microbial solutions.

Converting building waste soil into GIS zeolite to remediate Cd-polluted soil.

The massive output of building waste soil poses a significant challenge to urban sustainable development. However, high-efficiency building waste soil recycling solutions are extremely scarce. Meanwhile, as a significant environmental hazard, Cd-contaminated soil has posed severe threats to public health.

LineGRN: a line graph neural network for gene regulatory network inference.

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) depicts the complex interactions between transcription factors and target genes, offering profound insight into deciphering the dynamics of cellular processes. The advancement of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies has provided a crucial perspective for inferring GRNs at single-cell resolution, leading to the development of numerous computational methods. However, most existing methods fail to adequately capture association patterns between gene pairs, and the low-degree-node-dominated topology of prior GRNs imposes fundamental limitations on information propagation.

Visualization of topological shear polaritons in gypsum thin films.

Low-symmetry crystals have emerged as a platform for exploring unique light-matter interactions in the form of hyperbolic shear polaritons. These excitations exhibit unique properties such as frequency-dispersive optical axes and asymmetric light propagation and energy dissipation. However, only non-vdW materials have been demonstrated to support hyperbolic shear polaritons, limiting their exotic properties and potential applications.

Sonodynamic and Bioorthogonal Sonocatalytic Thrombotic Therapy Based on AIE Cationic Tetranuclear Ir(III) Complex Nanoplatform Guided by NIR-Chemiluminescence Imaging.

Non-invasive thrombolytic strategies include photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). The development of PTT and PDT is impeded by the limited tissue penetration depth of the light source. SDT is a promising method due to the deeper tissue penetration and site-specific features of ultrasound; however, the scarcity of efficient sonosensitizers has constrained its clinical use.

Mildly uncoupling mitochondria reduces myocardial cell injury caused by hypoxia/reoxygenation.

Ischemiareperfusion is a common cause of myocardial injury, and there are currently no clinically approved drugs for its treatment. Oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial ROS is the main cause of cell damage in ischemiareperfusion (I/R). Therefore, exploring methods to reduce mitochondrial ROS during I/R is essential.

Arsenic disrupts H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 balance by biasing PRC2.1 and PRC2.2 activity via PALI1 inhibition in carcinogenesis.

Inorganic arsenic (As) is a well-established human carcinogen, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its oncogenic potential remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of As³⁺ disrupts chromatin architectures in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) by discordantly regulating two key repressive histone modifications: histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and H3K9me3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq) reveals a genome-wide gain of H3K27me3 and a marked loss of H3K9me3 following As³⁺ treatment.

Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 is associated with hepatic steatosis in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Objective: To evaluate the association between serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) and the degree of hepatic steatosis in patients with MASLD.

Methods: A total of 347 patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) were enrolled, adhering to the inclusion criteria. The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were measured by FibroScan, while serum IGFBP2 levels were quantified by ELISA.

Using Levothyroxin-Loaded Zn-Curcumin MOF to Achieve Collaborative Treatment of Hypothyroidic Encephalopathy through Reducing Oxidative Stress and Re-Building Synaptic Plasticity.

Hypothyroid encephalopathy refers to cognitive impairment caused by hypothyroidism, which is caused by low thyroid hormone signal in the brain, and further leads to an increase in oxidative stress level, a decrease in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and even affects the signal transmission process between neurons. However, traditional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) only restores the thyroid hormone concentration in serum, not in the brain, which leads to damage to hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the brain that can't be repaired. In addition, there is also oxidative damage, which makes the symptoms of encephalopathy still persist, and indicates the need for a new collaborative treatment approach for hypothyroid encephalopathy disease.

The component-to-trait relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and obsessive-compulsive personality traits: a network analysis.

Background: Previous studies examining the relationship between obsessive-compulsive personality traits (OCPT) and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) at the latent variable level (using total score analyses) have demonstrated positive correlations between them. However, such aggregate-level analyses obscure potential differential associations among specific OCPT and IU components.

Methods: This study employed network analysis to investigate the correlation patterns between IU and OCPT at the component/trait level in a sample of 1,440 Chinese college students.