Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells senescence and restore osteogenic differentiation potential.

Background: The age-related functional decline of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells significantly impairs bone regeneration capacity. Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents in regenerative medicine and anti-aging research due to their bioactive cargo and low immunogenicity. This study investigated the rejuvenating potential of UCMSCs-derived exosomes (UCMSC-Exos) on senescent jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (JBMMSCs) and their ability to enhance bone repair in aged rats.

Harnessing the power of hashtags: Temporal pattern mining and storyline construction for event evolution on social media.

With the rapid development and wide application of social media, Weibo, as one of the major social media platforms in China, plays an important role in connecting users with information. However, the huge amount of Weibo data poses challenges for effective analysis and understanding. Timeline construction is critical for understanding event progression, enabling stakeholders to track public opinion shifts, identify critical phases of event development, and formulate timely interventions.

Characteristics of gut and lung microbiota in patients with lung masses and their relationship with clinical features.

Objectives: The exploration of how dysbiosis relates to lung masses is still nascent, with few studies focusing on the microbial characteristics across various sites. Therefore, we categorized the microbiota into feces and bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) groups to compare microbial characteristics between benign and malignant masses, analyze their clinical correlations, and develop predictive models for lung cancer.

Methods: A total of 238 fecal samples and 34 BALF samples were collected from patients with benign and malignant masses and then analyzed by 16 SrRNA.

Stabilization of High-Volume Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash Composite Gravels via Gypsum-Enhanced Pressurized Flue Gas Heat Curing.

Circulating fluidized bed fly ash (CFBFA) stockpiles release alkaline dust, high-pH leachate, and secondary CO/SO-an environmental burden that exceeds 240 Mt yr in China alone. Yet, barely 25% is recycled, because the high f-CaO/SO contents destabilize conventional cementitious products. Here, we presents a pressurized flue gas heat curing (FHC) route to bridge this scientific deficit, converting up to 85 wt% CFBFA into structural lightweight gravel.

An l-fucose-responsive transcription factor cross-regulates the expression of a diverse array of carbohydrate-active enzymes in Trichoderma reesei.

l-Fucose is a universal capping component of biomolecules found throughout all domains of life. Although fungi are renowned for their role in biomass recycling, the mechanisms by which they process l-fucose remain largely unknown. In this study, we elucidate a l-fucose-responsive system in Trichoderma reesei, a model fungus for plant cell wall degradation.

Growth factor independence 1 ameliorates osteoarthritis by inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis via inactivation of MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease, characterized by cartilage deterioration, which is closely associated with chondrocyte ferroptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of previously unexplored gene, growth factor independence 1 () in chondrocyte ferroptosis, in order to provide a new therapeutic target for OA.

Methods: The expression of ferroptotic hallmarks and Gfi1 were analyzed in human and mice OA cartilages and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced primary chondrocytes.

Associations between social drivers of health and breast cancer stage at diagnosis among U.S. Black women.

U.S. Black women have disproportionately high breast cancer mortality, partly due to later-stage diagnoses.

Serum Uric Acid and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Nationally Representative Study in the United States.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) in the United States population.

Methods: This study included data from the 2005 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Weighted logistic regression models (crude, partially adjusted, and fully adjusted) were used to assess linear associations between SUA levels and iAMD.

Liquid metal-based electromagnetic metasurface for continuous RCS reduction adjustment.

A liquid metal microfluidic metasurface is demonstrated for the continuous and simultaneous reconfiguration of electromagnetic properties, including phase, resonance frequency, and reflection amplitude. The metasurface, constructed from each split-ring cell with a variable cross-section, is fabricated using a polydimethylsiloxane array microchannel molding process. The designed subarray (5 × 3 units) of the metasurface enables continuous, independent, and differential regulation by bistable liquid metal microfluidics.

Gut microbiota and SCFAs improve the treatment efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in NSCLC.

The role of gut dysbiosis in shaping immunotherapy responses is well-recognized, yet its effect on the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy combinations remains poorly understood. We analyzed gut microbiota in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with chemo-immunotherapy, comparing responders and non-responders using 16S rRNA sequencing. Responders showed higher microbial richness and abundance of specific genera like Faecalibacterium and Subdoligranulum, and the phylum Firmicutes.

Model datasets of orographical perturbation experiments for the Mongolian plateau by using CAS FGOALS-f3-L.

Topography is an important forcing for climate change. Compared to the extensively studies of Tibetan Plateau, the impact of Mongolian Plateau (MP) is less understood. This paper introduces three experiments which examine both the thermal and dynamical effects of the MP and its surrounding areas carried out by the climate model CAS FGOALS-f3-L.

Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA) Exacerbates Atopic Dermatitis by Inducing Inflammation in Mice.

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) is a ubiquitous persistent environmental pollutant, and several studies have found significant links between atopic dermatitis (AD) and prenatal exposure to PFNA. However, the relationship between PFNA and AD remains unclear. In this study, 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-treated female BALB/c mice were used as AD models to investigate the effects of PFNA and its potential mechanisms.

Dynamic ubiquitination networks in liver cancer: decoding E3 ligases and deubiquitinases as gatekeepers of therapeutic resistance.

Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma are treated using conventional therapeutic approaches and a variety of molecularly targeted drugs. Nevertheless, therapeutic resistance emerges because of the high heterogeneity of the malignancy, often restricting the effectiveness of these interventions. Therefore, therapeutic resistance represents a significant obstacle in managing liver cancer.

Trends in electronic health record metadata use for management purposes.

Objective: This study aims to analyze hospitals' adoption and integration of electronic health record (EHR) metadata into their management processes.

Design: The study compares the rates of EHR metadata utilization across various hospitals over time. Hospitals' self-reported use of EHR metadata is drawn from the AHA-IT Supplements from 2018 to 2020.

Heterologous prime-boost immunization based on a human adenovirus 5 vectored containing Trichinella spiralis Cystatin-like protein elicits protective mucosal immunity in mice.

Trichinellosis is a globally distributed zoonotic parasitic disease. The Trichinella infective larvae migrate through the intestine after ingestion and settle in muscles, thus intestinal mucosal immunity plays a vital role against early infection with Trichinella. In this study, a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the cysteine protease inhibitor of Trichinella spiralis (rAd5TsCLP) was constructed and combined with the recombinant protein rTsCLP in a heterologous prime-boost regimen.

Sympathetic nerves inhibit dental pulp stem cell differentiation and tertiary dentine formation via α1B-adrenergic receptor.

Aim: The dental pulp is extensively innervated. Our previous study showed that the α1B-adrenergic receptor ADRA1B is the primary sympathetic neurotransmitter receptor in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and its expression was enhanced in inflamed pulp tissues. The sympathetic nerve system (SNS) negatively impacts the proliferation and migration capacities of hDPSCs via ADRA1B.

ViT-GCN: a novel hybrid model for accurate pneumonia diagnosis from x-ray images.

This study aims to enhance the accuracy of pneumonia diagnosis from x-ray images by developing a model that integrates Vision Transformer (ViT) and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) for improved feature extraction and diagnostic performance. The ViT-GCN model was designed to leverage the strengths of both ViT, which captures global image information by dividing the image into fixed-size patches and processing them in sequence, and GCN, which captures node features and relationships through message passing and aggregation in graph data. A composite loss function combining multivariate cross-entropy, focal loss, and GHM loss was introduced to address dataset imbalance and improve training efficiency on small datasets.

Reconstruction of the three-dimensional dissolved oxygen and its spatio-temporal variations in the Mediterranean Sea using machine learning.

Oceanic dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is crucial for assessing the status of marine ecosystems. Against the backdrop of global warming, DO shows a general decrease, posing a threat to the health of marine ecosystems. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop advanced tools to characterize the spatio-temporal variations of three-dimensional (3D) DO.

COVID-19 related symptoms and the second infection status of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with lung cancer: A single-center, six-month longitudinal observational study.

Objective: This study aimed to delineate the occurrence and duration of the symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with lung cancer to provide supporting data for clinical research and epidemic prevention and control.

Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in China, comprising 697 outpatients and inpatients with lung cancer seeking medical care between March and April 2023. The enrolled patients completed questionnaires during the visit, with subsequent follow-up by telephone at 6 months after the patients' first infection.

Identifying diagnostic biomarkers for glaucoma based on transcriptome combined with Mendelian randomization.

Glaucoma poses a significant global health challenge, yet reliable biomarkers for its diagnosis and treatment remain scarce. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) and bioinformatics approaches to identify potential biomarkers for glaucoma. Using the GSE9944 dataset, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analyzed through protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and functional enrichment.

POLE Deficiency Exacerbates Diesel Engine Exhaust-Induced Genomic Instability and Malignant Transformation of Bronchial Epithelial Cells.

Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is classified as a Group I carcinogen, yet direct experimental evidence that DEE induce carcinogenesis is lacking. Here, it is innovatively discovered that 120 µg mL DEE exposure for 20 weeks, original bronchial epithelial cells exhibit abnormal morphology, form colonies in soft agar, and readily develop the lumps under the subcutaneous tissue of immunodeficient mice, which are pathologically confirmed as lung squamous cell carcinoma. Whole genome sequencing and RNA sequencing identify DEE-induced mutational signatures (DBS3, ID1/ID2), associated with polymerase epsilon (POLE) exonuclease domain mutations and mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency.

Genomic evidence based on eQTL data implicates endocrine disruptors as environmental risk factors for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Background: Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is the most common molecular subtype of breast cancer and is strongly influenced by hormonal and environmental factors. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which interfere with hormone signaling, have been suggested to contribute to ER+ breast cancer risk, but causal mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: We integrated chemical-gene interaction data from the TEDX and CTD databases with large-scale genomic datasets to investigate the relationship between EDC-regulated gene expression and ER+ breast cancer.

Graphene Oxide: Preparation and Medical Research.

Oxide (GO) has emerged as a highly versatile nanomaterial due to its exceptional physicochemical properties, including large surface area, and strong drug-loading capacity. These characteristics have enabled its broad application in fields such as wound healing, targeted drug delivery, and antimicrobial therapies. However, despite its promise, concerns surrounding GO's cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and potential pathological effects have limited its clinical translation.

Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Aminopeptidase N: A New Role as a 6-Monoacetylmorphine Hydrolase.

6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), a primary active metabolite of heroin that reaches the human brain, plays a crucial role in producing heroin-associated physiological and lethal effects. Therefore, 6-MAM has emerged as a key target for alleviating the adverse consequences of heroin abuse. In this study, the proposed 6-MAM hydrolase aminopeptidase N (eAPN) was recombinantly produced, and its biochemical and functional profiles were investigated.

The influence of systemic and regional anatomy on medical students' body donation willingness and the underlying factors.

Cadaveric anatomy remains indispensable in medical education. However, the development of body donation in China faces challenges due to various socio-cultural constraints. Although medical students constitute only a minor proportion of body and organ donors, their attitudes toward donation may reflect their perceptions of silent mentors and cognition of organ donation to some extent.