Identifying diagnostic biomarkers for glaucoma based on transcriptome combined with Mendelian randomization.

Glaucoma poses a significant global health challenge, yet reliable biomarkers for its diagnosis and treatment remain scarce. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) and bioinformatics approaches to identify potential biomarkers for glaucoma. Using the GSE9944 dataset, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analyzed through protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and functional enrichment.

Inhibition of P2Y2 Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced AKI via Reduced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Cell Death.

Introduction: Purinergic signaling has been recognized as important extracellular regulator in multiple physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Adenosine triphosphate-purinergic receptor P2Y2 signaling pathway is associated with glomerular nephritis (GN), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and chronic kidney disease. Recently, there has been evidence that global knockout of P2Y2 exacerbated bilateral ischemic reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI).

Curcumin analog C1 activates autophagy through a TFEB-dependent mechanism to protect sensory hair cells from oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice with age-related hearing loss.

Age-related hearing loss (AHL) is the primary cause of deafness in aging populations and lacks proven effective therapies. Protecting the survival and function of sensory outer hair cells (OHCs) represents a promising therapeutic strategy for AHL. Certain herbs have shown beneficial effects on OHCs, but a limited understanding of their mechanisms hinders their clinical application.

Correlation between family function and self-management abilities in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the current state of family function and self-management abilities in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and analyze the correlation between the two.

Methods: Baseline data were collected from 243 patients with MASLD, utilizing the Family Care Index and Self-Management Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to assess factors influencing self-management in these patients.

Slc25a21 in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury: a new target for renal tubular epithelial protection by regulating mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant global health issue, which is often caused by cisplatin therapy and characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. Restoring mitochondrial homeostasis in tubular cells could exert therapeutic effects. Here, we investigated Slc25a21, a mitochondrial carrier, as a potential target for AKI intervention.

Self-management in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: influencing factors and impact on readmission.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common chronic liver disease.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the self-management ability of patients with MASLD, analyse related factors that may affect self-management ability and evaluate the impact of this ability on readmission.

Methods: The study recruited patients with MASLD admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, between February and October 2021 using the random sampling method.

Ultrasensitive detection of aggregated α-synuclein using quiescent seed amplification assay for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Seed amplification assays (SAA) enable the amplification of pathological misfolded proteins, including α-synuclein (αSyn), in both tissue homogenates and body fluids of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. SAA involves repeated cycles of shaking or sonication coupled with incubation periods. However, this amplification scheme has limitations in tracking protein propagation due to repeated fragmentation.

Short-chain fatty acids suppresses astrocyte activation by amplifying Trp-AhR-AQP4 signaling in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.

The function of astrocytes in response to gut microbiota-derived signals has an important role in the pathophysiological processes of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the specific effects of microbiota-derived metabolites on astrocyte activation have not been elucidated yet. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in female C57BL/6 mice as a classical MS model.

Risk factors for converting traditional wards to temporary intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from nurses' perspectives.

Background: The surge in critically ill COVID-19 patients caused a shortage of intensive care unit (ICU) beds. Some hospitals temporarily transformed general wards into ICUs to meet this pressing health care demand.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate and analyse the risk factors in temporary ICU from the perspective of nurses.

High normal alanine aminotransferase is an indicator for better response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B.

Background: Evidence shows people living with CHB even with a normal ALT (40U/L as threshold) suffer histological disease and there is still little research to evaluate the potential benefit of antiviral benefits in them.

Methods: We retrospectively examined 1352 patients who underwent liver biopsy from 2017 to 2021 and then obtained their 1-year follow-up data to analyze.

Results: ALT levels were categorized into high and low, with thresholds set at >29 for males and >15 for females through Youden's Index.

An analysis of the relationship of triglyceride glucose index with gastric cancer prognosis: A retrospective study.

Aims/introduction: Gastric cancer, one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, is affected by insulin resistance. The triglyceride glucose (TYG) index is considered a surrogate indicator of insulin resistance; however, its prognostic value in patients with gastric cancer remains obscure. This study aimed to determine whether the TYG index could predict the long-term prognosis of patients with gastric cancer after radical resection gastrectomy.

Plk1 promotes renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by targeting autophagy/lysosome axis.

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been increasing over the past decades. However, no effective therapies are available for delaying or curing CKD. Progressive fibrosis is the major pathological feature of CKD, which leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Neck-to-height ratio is positively associated with diabetic kidney disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of neck circumference (NC) and neck-to-height (NHR) with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: A total of 2,615 patients with prevalent T2DM were enrolled. NHR was calculated through NC (cm) divided by height (cm), and prevalent DKD was defined as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥ 30 mg/g or the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min per 1.

Reduced Immunity Regulator MAVS Contributes to Non-Hypertrophic Cardiac Dysfunction by Disturbing Energy Metabolism and Mitochondrial Homeostasis.

Cardiac dysfunction is manifested as decline of cardiac systolic function, and multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can develop cardiac insufficiency. Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) is known as an innate immune regulator involved in viral infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases, whereas its role in the heart remains obscure. The alteration of MAVS was analyzed in animal models with non-hypertrophic and hypertrophic cardiac dysfunction.

Simple and effective serum biomarkers potential for predicting status epilepticus in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.

Background: Patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis who also present with status epilepticus (SE) often have a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to explore simple and effective predictors for anti-NMDAR encephalitis accompanied with SE.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 65 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients from January 2015 to December 2018 who admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.

Single cell sequencing analysis identifies genetics-modulated ORMDL3 cholangiocytes having higher metabolic effects on primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a classical autoimmune disease, which is highly influenced by genetic determinants. Many genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported that numerous genetic loci were significantly associated with PBC susceptibility. However, the effects of genetic determinants on liver cells and its immune microenvironment for PBC remain unclear.

Constipation induced gut microbiota dysbiosis exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice.

Background: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal dysfunction which has a potential impact on people's immune state and their quality of life. Here we investigated the effects of constipation on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Constipation was induced by loperamide in female C57BL/6 mice.

Strength Exercise Confers Protection in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity by Altering the Gut Microbiota.

Exercise therapy including endurance training and resistance training is a promising non-pharmacological therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent studies have revealed that exercise exerts beneficial impacts on gut microbiota. However, the role of gut microbiota in the immune benefits of strength exercise (SE; one of resistance training) in central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity is barely known.

Clinical Features and Gut Microbial Alterations in Anti-leucine-rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Encephalitis-A Pilot Study.

Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (anti-LGI1) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune encephalitis (AE). We investigated the clinical features and gut microbial alterations of anti-LGI1 encephalitis. Fifteen patients newly diagnosed with anti-LGI1 encephalitis were recruited in the study prior to the administration of immunotherapy.

Fecal microbiota transplantation from patients with autoimmune encephalitis modulates Th17 response and relevant behaviors in mice.

The significance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been increasingly recognized as a major modulator of autoimmunity. Here, we aim to characterize the gut microbiota of a large cohort of treatment-naïve anti--methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis patients relative to that of healthy controls (HCs). Relative to HCs, anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients had a decreased microbiome alpha-diversity index, marked disturbances of gut microbial composition and intestinal permeability damage.

Differential expression of microRNAs in xenografted Lewis lung carcinomas subjected to intermittent hypoxia: a next-generation sequence analysis.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased cancer mortality, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are confirmed to be involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, whether miRNAs have any differential expressions in OSA population needs to be elucidated.

The inverse association between parity and bone health is independent of lifestyle in postmenopausal Chinese women.

This study aimed to investigate the association between parity and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Chinese women, as well as the interference of physical activity and sedentary time on this association. A total of 1,712 participants were enrolled in this study. Participants were separated into three groups according to the number of parities: group 1, 1-2; group 2, 3-4; group 3, ≥5.