Changes in environmental conditions regulate the biodiversity of planktonic microeukaryotes mediated by the dispersal-selection relationships in river: an example of the Beipan River, Guizhou, China.

River planktonic microeukaryotes (phytoplankton and zooplankton) underpin aquatic ecosystem function, yet how environmental change regulates their biodiversity via assembly mechanisms remains poorly understood. Using eDNA metabarcoding along China's Beipan River, partitioned by a barrier dam into environmentally heterogeneous upstream and stable downstream regions, we assessed plankton diversity and the roles of dispersal and environmental selection. Phytoplankton exhibited higher alpha- and beta-diversity than zooplankton, attributed to stronger dispersal but weaker selection.

Visual β-Sheet-to-β-Turn Transition in Luminescent Polymeric Vesicles for Color-Reporting Drug Delivery.

The secondary structures of polymers significantly influence their properties; however, understanding and modulating polymer conformations remain substantial challenges. Particularly, the β-turn conformation, which is prevalent in proteins, has not been reported in synthetic polymers due to its unclear formation mechanism and extremely poor stability. Additionally, there is a lack of visualization techniques to track conformational and functional transitions in polymers.

Environmental DNA Insights into the Spatial Status of Fish Diversity in the Mainstem of the Jialing River.

Preserving healthy river habitats is essential for maintaining fish diversity. Over time, anthropogenic activities have severely damaged river habitats, leading to notable changes in fish diversity patterns. Conducting thorough and reliable investigations into fish diversity is crucial for assessing anthropogenic impacts on diversity.

A study of the correlation between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in older individuals over 60 years: cross-sectional and longitudinal validation.

Objective: To validate the correlation between sarcopenia and cognition, and explore cognitive subdomains affected by sarcopenia.

Methods: A case-control study was designed to recruit 90 individuals aged 60 and above from June to October 2023 in the same community, all individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were categorized according to the 2019 Asian criteria for sarcopenia and divided into the sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group at baseline. After a 12-week follow-up recording, individuals were classified into the aggravation group and alleviation group based on the change of sarcopenia severity.

Navβ2 Intracellular Fragments Contribute to Aβ1-42-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Synaptic Deficit Through Transcriptional Suppression of BDNF.

A pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the region-specific accumulation of the amyloid-beta protein (Aβ), which triggers aberrant neuronal excitability, synaptic impairment, and progressive cognitive decline. Previous works have demonstrated that Aβ pathology induced aberrant elevation in the levels and excessive enzymatic hydrolysis of voltage-gated sodium channel type 2 beta subunit (Navβ2) in the brain of AD models, accompanied by alteration in excitability of hippocampal neurons, synaptic deficits, and subsequently, cognitive dysfunction. However, the mechanism is unclear.

Dipolar Microenvironment Engineering Enabled by Electron Beam Irradiation for Boosting Catalytic Performance.

Creating a diverse dipolar microenvironment around the active site is of great significance for the targeted induction of intermediate behaviors to achieve complicated chemical transformations. Herein, an efficient and general strategy is reported to construct hypercross-linked polymers (HCPs) equipped with tunable dipolar microenvironments by knitting arene monomers together with dipolar functional groups into porous network skeletons. Benefiting from the electron beam irradiation modification technique, the catalytic sites are anchored in an efficient way in the vicinity of the microenvironment, which effectively facilitates the processing of the reactants delivered to the catalytic sites.

Associations of prenatal blood pressure trajectory and variability with child neurodevelopment at 2 years old.

Background: The patterns of blood pressure (BP) change throughout the pregnancy were related to adverse birth outcomes. However, little is known about the long-term effect of BP change patterns on child neurodevelopment. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the BP trajectory and BP variability during pregnancy and early childhood neurodevelopment.

Land-use classification based on high-resolution remote sensing imagery and deep learning models.

High-resolution imagery and deep learning models have gained increasing importance in land-use mapping. In recent years, several new deep learning network modeling methods have surfaced. However, there has been a lack of a clear understanding of the performance of these models.

GATAD2B is required for pre-implantation embryonic development by regulating zygotic genome activation.

Major zygotic genome activation (ZGA) occurs at the late 2-cell stage and involves the activation of thousands of genes, supporting early embryonic development. The reasons underlying the regulation of ZGA are not clear. Acetylation modifications of histone tails promote transcriptional activation, and the maternal deletion of H4K16ac leads to failure in ZGA.

A background parenchymal enhancement quantification framework of breast magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is defined as the enhanced proportion of normal fibroglandular tissue on enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. BPE shows promise as a quantitative imaging biomarker (QIB). However, the lack of consensus among radiologists in their semi-quantitative grading of BPE limits its clinical utility.

Voluntary running wheel exercise induces cognitive improvement post traumatic brain injury in mouse model through redressing aberrant excitation regulated by voltage-gated sodium channels 1.1, 1.3, and 1.6.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to disturbed brain discharge rhythm, elevated excitability, anxiety-like behaviors, and decreased learning and memory capabilities. Cognitive dysfunctions severely affect the quality of life and prognosis of TBI patients, requiring effective rehabilitation treatment. Evidence indicates that moderate exercise after brain injury decreases TBI-induced cognitive decline.

Human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve subclinical hypothyroidism by immunocompetence mediating apoptosis inhibition on thyroid cells in aged mice.

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) affects 10% of the global population, which is most prevalent in women and the elderly. However, it remains debatable whether the elderly with subclinical hypothyroidism needs thyroxine supplement. Human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) could play important roles in autoimmune diseases, suggesting that hAMSC be a candidate to regulate the thyroid function of female age-related subclinical hypothyroidism.

Tumor educated platelet: the novel BioSource for cancer detection.

Platelets, involved in the whole process of tumorigenesis and development, constantly absorb and enrich tumor-specific substances in the circulation during their life span, thus called "Tumor Educated Platelets" (TEPs). The alterations of platelet mRNA profiles have been identified as tumor markers due to the regulatory mechanism of post-transcriptional splicing. Small nuclear RNAs (SnRNAs), the important spliceosome components in platelets, dominate platelet RNA splicing and regulate the splicing intensity of pre-mRNA.

Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with risk of offspring neurodevelopment at 2 years: A Chinese birth cohort study.

Introduction: In recent decades, there has been a surge in both obesity and developmental impairments. Only a few research have looked at the relationship between gestational weight growth and pre-pregnancy BMI in mothers and the neurobehavioral development of their infants. The current research investigates the associations among maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, and the risk of child neural development at 2 years of age depending on a Chinese birth prospective study.

Trimester-specific associations of maternal exposure to bisphenols with neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone levels: A birth cohort study.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) during pregnancy could interfere with neonatal thyroid function. Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are increasingly used as the substitutes of BPA. However, little is known about the effects of maternal exposure to BPS and BPF on neonatal thyroid function.

SPATA2 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition to inhibit metastasis and radiotherapy sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer via impairing DVL1/β-catenin signaling.

Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death of cancer patients. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one critical process during the cascade of tumor metastasis. EMT is a developmental program exploited by cancer cells to transition from epithelial state to mesenchymal state and confers metastatic properties as well as treatment resistance.

Establishing a human embryonic stem cell line (SKLRMe005-A) from a blastocyst with congenital heart disease (CHD).

GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6) is an important transcription factor of cardiovascular endothelial cells, has the potential to regulate the process of cardiac development. Consequently, its abnormal expression is related to congenital heart disease.Human GATA6 gene clones were on chromosome 18 q11.

Electron Beam Etching of Cellulose Microgels for Absorptive Separation of DMSO from Reactions of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Synthesis.

Invited for this month's cover is the groups of Jiang Huang and Yanlong Gu at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The image shows a new method for the separation of dimethyl sulfoxide from a reaction solution of synthesizing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by means of using a cellulose microgel fabricated by electron beam irradiation as a bio-based absorbant. The Research Article itself is available at 10.

Reduced Expression of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Beta 2 Restores Neuronal Injury and Improves Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by A1-42.

Voltage-gated sodium channel beta 2 (Nav2.2 or Nav2, coded by SCN2B mRNA), a gene involved in maintaining normal physiological functions of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, might be associated with prefrontal cortex aging and memory decline. This study investigated the effects of Nav2 in amyloid- 1-42- (A1-42-) induced neural injury model and the potential underlying molecular mechanism.

Electron Beam Etching of Cellulose Microgels for Absorptive Separation of DMSO from Reactions of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Synthesis.

In this study, an efficient method for the separation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by the specific adsorption of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with cellulose microgels fabricated by electron beam irradiation was developed. The cellulose microgel was recovered and reused although this was accompanied by a decrease in the separation efficiency. A series of characterizations, including ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and swelling ability tests, were performed to determine the adsorption behavior of the chemical structures of the microgel toward DMSO.

Development and validation of a deep learning model for breast lesion segmentation and characterization in multiparametric MRI.

Importance: The utilization of artificial intelligence for the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions in multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) assists radiologists to improve diagnostic performance.

Objectives: To develop an automated deep learning model for breast lesion segmentation and characterization and to evaluate the characterization performance of AI models and radiologists.

Materials And Methods: For lesion segmentation, 2,823 patients were used for the training, validation, and testing of the VNet-based segmentation models, and the average Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) between the manual segmentation by radiologists and the mask generated by VNet was calculated.

Zwitterionic/phosphonate copolymer coatings endow excellent antifouling properties and robust re-mineralization ability of dentine substrates.

Inhibition of biofilm formation and induction of the re-mineralization of damaged dental tissues are two major strategies to combat dental hypersensitivity (DH). However, single component synthetic materials normally cannot fulfil these two functions during the repairing of damaged dental tissues. Here, we report zwitterionic phosphorylcholine based polymers to be a new type of dual functional coating for the repairing of DH.

Liensinine Inhibits Cell Growth and Blocks Autophagic Flux in Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer.

Liensinine is a bioactive component of Plumula Nelumbinis extracted from the green embryo of the mature seeds of Nelumbonaceae and exhibits therapeutic functions and noteworthy anti-tumor effects in recent studies. However, the potential anti-tumor property and the underlying mechanisms of liensinine in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been illustrated. In this study, we demonstrated that liensinine has the potential anti-tumor property, and it could inhibit growth of NSCLC and .

Zwitterionic/active ester block polymers as multifunctional coatings for polyurethane-based substrates.

Bacterial-associated infection, blood coagulation, and tissue adhesion are severe issues associated with biomedical implants and devices in clinic applications. Here, we report a general strategy to simultaneously tackle these issues on polyurethane (PU)-based substrates. Taking advantage of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, well-defined zwitterionic/active ester block polymers (pSBMA--pNHSMA) with an identical pNHSMA segment (polymerization degree of 15) but varied zwitterionic pSBMA segments (polymerization degrees of 40 and 100) were precisely prepared.

Phosphonate/quaternary ammonium copolymers as high-efficiency antibacterial coating for metallic substrates.

Designing a coating material with efficient bactericidal property to cope with bacterial associated infections is highly desirable for metallic implants and devices. Here, we report phosphonate/quaternary ammonium copolymers, (DEMMP--TMAEMA), as the new type of metal anchorable high-efficiency antibacterial coating. Seven (DEMMP--TMAEMA) polymers with varied cationic components were precisely prepared random radical polymerization.