Entheseal structural damage according to OMERACT definitions unveils distinct ultrasound phenotypes in SpA: findings from the DEUS multicentre study.

Objectives: To explore the prevalence and distribution of ultrasound-detected lesions indicating structural damage at the enthesis (e.g., bone erosions, enthesophytes, and calcifications) in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA), comparing those with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to investigate the demographic, clinical, and metabolic factors linked to these lesions.

Microenvironment-Programmed siRNA-Based Hydrogel for Spatiotemporal Gene Silencing in Wound Healing.

Excessive inflammation and overexpressed matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are significant factors in the prolonged healing of chronic diabetic wounds. Here, a precise gene therapy strategy is proposed utilizing siRNA and employing intelligent responsive materials for controlled release to mechanistically intervene in the pathological process of chronic non-healing wounds. The system employs a cationic hyperbranched aminoglycoside with disulfide bonds (SS-HPT) as its core delivery mechanism.

DNA G-quadruplex profiling in skeletal muscle stem cells reveals functional and mechanistic insights.

Background: DNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical secondary structures formed in guanine-rich DNA sequences and play important roles in modulating biological processes through a variety of gene regulatory mechanisms. Emerging G4 profiling allows global mapping of endogenous G4 formation.

Results: Here in this study, we map the G4 landscapes in adult skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs), which are essential for injury-induced muscle regeneration.

Carboxymethyl chitosan/oxidized carboxymethyl starch Schiff base hydrogels containing fasudil for islet encapsulation and transplantation.

Islet transplantation offers a promising therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes patients with inadequate glycemic control or severe complications. Islet encapsulation using biocompatible materials presents a potential solution to reduce immune rejection. This study fabricated and characterized Schiff base hydrogels (CMOCs) composed of varying ratios of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and oxidized carboxymethyl starch (OCMS).

Large language models enable tumor-type classification and localization of cancers of unknown primary from genomic data.

Tumor-type classification is critical for effective cancer treatment, yet current methods based on genomic alterations lack flexibility and have limited performance. Here, we introduce OncoChat, an artificial intelligence (AI) model designed to classify 69 tumor types by integrating diverse genomic alterations. Developed on genomic data from 158,836 tumors sequenced with targeted cancer gene panels, OncoChat demonstrates superior performance, achieving a micro-averaged precision-recall area under the curve (PRAUC) of 0.

Efficient energy transfer in a hybrid organic-inorganic van der Waals heterostructure.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer strong light-matter interaction and design flexibility beyond bulk semiconductors, but an intrinsic limit is the low absorption imposed by the atomic thickness. A long-sought-after goal is to achieve complementary absorption enhancement through energy transfer (ET) to break this limit. However, it is found challenging due to the competing charge transfer (CT) process and lack of resonance in exciton states.

Restoring mitochondrial quantity and quality to reverse the Warburg effect and drive neuroblastoma differentiation.

Reduced mitochondrial quality and quantity in tumors is associated with dedifferentiation and increased malignancy. However, it remains unclear how to restore mitochondrial quantity and quality in tumors and whether mitochondrial restoration can drive tumor differentiation. Our study shows that restoring mitochondrial function using retinoic acid (RA) to boost mitochondrial biogenesis and a mitochondrial uncoupler to enhance respiration synergistically drives neuroblastoma differentiation and inhibits proliferation.

A rapid and ultrasensitive CRISPR/Cas12a-based assay for the accurate identification of T-even type phages.

Phage contamination poses a significant threat to industrial fermentation, leading to substantial economic losses. Virulent T-even type phages (T2/T4/T6) represent particularly concerning biological hazards in fermentation systems. This paper developed a novel CRISPR/Cas12a-based system integrated with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), enabling ultrasensitive identification of T-even type phages.

Free-Standing Soft Carbon Fibers with High Orientation for Na Storage to Achieve High Volumetric Capacity.

Noncrystalline carbon materials typically encounter challenges of low volumetric capacity, high discharge plateau, and poor rate capability when utilized as sodium-storage anode materials. The effect of the orientation of carbon layers in noncrystalline carbon materials on sodium storage behavior remains unclear. This study clarifies the sodium storage behavior of high-carbon layer orientation soft carbon fiber materials and reveals the desolvation process of their ordered carbon layer structures as well as pore structure filling and sodium deposition processes, which enhanced the sodium storage capacity.

Scrotal hemangioma: a case report and systematic literature review.

Purpose: This study aimed to provide a case of scrotal hemangioma and examine its characteristics.

Methods: We presented a case report involving a sixteen-year-old male, detailing symptoms, physical examination, imaging studies, diagnosis, and treatment. We conducted a thorough literature analysis of case reports and examined their clinical characteristics, pathological categorization, recurrence, and complications.

Case Report: Ultrasound-guided interventional diagnosis and treatment of gastrosplenic fistula caused by lymphoma.

Gastrosplenic fistula is a rare complication, most often secondary to gastric or splenic lymphoma. Severe gastrosplenic fistula can cause life-threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeding, making early diagnosis and intervention critical for a favorable prognosis. Currently, surgical intervention remains the primary treatment; however, outcomes are often suboptimal.

Fluorescence/Colorimetric Dual-Mode Probe Based on Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Boron Codoped MXene Quantum Dots for Detection of Glutathione and Imaging in Mitochondria.

Quantifying and monitoring glutathione (GSH) in living cells is of great significance for understanding GSH-related oxidative stress disorders and neoplastic conditions. In this work, we developed nitrogen/sulfur/boron codoped MXene quantum dots (NSB-MQDs) through a facile single-pot hydrothermal synthesis strategy for fluorescence/colorimetric detection and imaging of GSH. The fluorescence "Turn-On" sensing signal was generated by the electron or energy transfer process between GSH and NSB-MQDs, which exhibited a fluorescence quenching phenomenon with the increase of GSH.

Rap1a regulates CUMS-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction and emotional abnormalities in mice.

Rap1a is a member of the Ras family of proteins and first came into view as an immune modulator of cells, playing roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. It is widely distributed in various tissue cells and is closely related to multiple biological functions of cells, including immunity, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and angiogenesis. Homocysteine (HCY) is a sulfur-containing non-essential amino acid that does not participate in protein synthesis.

Exosomal LncRNA MALAT1 Derived from Hepatocytes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Regulates the miR-579-3p/Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway to Exacerbate Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Background And Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep breathing disorder, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may affect OSAS. This study aimed to explore the influence of exosomes (Exos) derived from liver cells in NAFLD on the progression of OSAS and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) to establish an OSAS animal model, and SH-SY5Y cells treated with CIH were used as the in vitro cellular model.

A Theoretical Combustion Kinetic Study of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine: H-Atom Abstraction and Reactions on the Potential Energy Surface of CHN Radicals.

Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) is a widely used hypergolic rocket fuel. It is one of the most commonly used fuels for attitude control engines, such as those in missiles, satellites, spacecraft, and launch vehicles. We conducted a high-level theoretical study to develop a detailed combustion kinetic mechanism for UDMH, focusing on crucial elementary reactions.

Side-Chain Poly[2]rotaxane-Toughened Graphene Films.

Graphene-based films are highly valued for their superior conductivity, thermal stability, and mechanical strength, yet their brittleness and low ductility limit their full potential. Current toughening strategies for graphene-based composites mainly focus on interfacial reinforcement between polymers and graphene substrates. However, research on energy dissipation arising from the intrinsic properties of polymers remains limited.

Dual application of β-sitosterol and biochar reduces copper toxicity in bamboo via improved redox homeostasis.

Introduction: Heavy metal pollution threatens ecosystems and agriculture, necessitating affordable solutions.

Methods: We evaluated the combined effect of β-sitosterol (Bs, 100 mg L) and eucalyptus biochar (Eb, 10%) on bamboo ( f. ) under copper stress (100 and 200 mg L Cu).

[Characterization of hippocampal components of Danzhi Xiaoyao Formula based on HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology and assessment of its therapeutic potential for nervous system diseases].

In this study, the pharmacodynamic components and potential pharmacological functions of Danzhi Xiaoyao Formula in treating nervous system diseases were investigated by hippocampal component characterization and network pharmacology. After rats were administrated with Danzhi Xiaoyao Formula by gavage, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was employed to explore the components in the hippocampus of rats. Fifty-seven components were identified in the hippocampus of rats by comparing the extract of Danzhi Xiaoyao Formula, herbal components in the hippocampus after administration, and blank samples.

Aberrant histone acetylation and dysregulated synaptic plasticity in cognitive impairment induced by a high-methionine diet.

Cognitive impairment is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, and increased homocysteine levels are recognized as a major risk factor for this condition. Epigenetic modifications, particularly histone acetylation, have been implicated in the progression of cognitive impairment; however, the mechanisms underlying hyperhomocysteinemia-induced cognitive impairment remain unclear. In this study, we developed an hyperhomocysteinemia-induced cognitive impairment model by feeding mice a high-methionine diet and conducted behavioral and molecular analyses to elucidate the mechanisms involved in cognitive impairment.

Development of three-dimensional boronate affinity dendritic mesoporous silica coupled with HPLC-CAD for selective determination of ginsenosides.

The precise and selective determination of ginsenosides, pharmacologically diverse saponins abundant in Panax species, is crucial for their therapeutic development and stringent quality control. However, inherent challenges, including their weak ultraviolet absorption and the high polarity imparted by sugar moieties, complicate their determination. Addressing these limitations, this study introduces the first-time construction and application of a boronate affinity dendritic mesoporous silica nanomaterial (BA-DMSN) as a highly efficient adsorbent for ginsenoside pretreatment.

The HY5-NPR1 module governs light-dependent virulence of a plant bacterial pathogen.

Light is essential for plant development, but its influence on pathogen virulence and immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we found that the Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 type III effector, AvrPtoB, exhibits virulence exclusively upon light exposure. This light-dependent regulation is controlled by the Arabidopsis transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a central regulator of photomorphogenesis.

Optimizing Model Learning Performance on a Challenging Heck Reaction Yield Data Set.

The development of machine learning (ML) in organic synthesis is limited due to the lack of available data sets. The ML-compatible literature data set for Heck reaction yields, named HeckLit, has been established. With 10,002 cases, the data set spans multiple reaction subclasses and covers a larger chemical space compared to high-throughput experimentation data sets, including nearly 3.

Hierarchical MoS/CuS photonic nanostructure accelerating photothermoelectric conversion of bacterial cellulose based phase change materials.

Phase change materials (PCMs)-integrated solar-thermal-electric generators (STEGs) have emerged as a promising platform for sustainable solar energy harvesting, yet faces critical challenges including liquid phase instability, insufficient photothermal efficiency, and limited thermoelectric output. Herein, we engineered hierarchical photonic confinement through the assembly of plasmonic CuS nanoparticles, broadband-absorbing MoS nanosheets, and porous bacterial cellulose (BC). In this tripartite architecture, BC matrix provides robust structural integrity and enhances heat transfer via its 3D interconnected nanoporous structure; MoS nanosheets enable extended photon harvesting across the ultraviolet to near-infrared spectrum; CuS nanoparticles amplify near-field optical effects through localized surface plasmon resonance.