A rapid and ultrasensitive CRISPR/Cas12a-based assay for the accurate identification of T-even type phages.

Phage contamination poses a significant threat to industrial fermentation, leading to substantial economic losses. Virulent T-even type phages (T2/T4/T6) represent particularly concerning biological hazards in fermentation systems. This paper developed a novel CRISPR/Cas12a-based system integrated with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), enabling ultrasensitive identification of T-even type phages.

The U-Shaped Relationship Between Serum Bicarbonate Levels and 28-Day Mortality in Patients With Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study of MIMIC-IV Database.

Background: The elevated mortality rate associated with sepsis is a primary global health concern. The correlation between bicarbonate levels and mortality risk in sepsis remains unclear.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the MIMIC-IV database, including 12 744 adult sepsis patients.

Near-infrared laser-activated PLGA-PDA core-shell nanohybrids for synergistic photothermal antibacterial therapy and sustained ion release in orthodontic white spot lesions prevention.

Objective: To develop near-infrared (NIR) laser-activated PLGA-PDA core-shell nanohybrids encapsulating Ag/CuO nanoparticles for simultaneous photothermal antibacterial therapy and sustained Ag/Cu release, and to evaluate their bactericidal efficacy against Streptococcus mutans and preventive potential in orthodontic white spot lesions.

Methods: Ag/CuO nanoparticles were encapsulated in PLGA/PDA nanospheres via a double-emulsion and self-polymerization approach. The resulting core-shell particles were fully characterized for composition, size distribution, zeta potential, morphology, photothermal performance, release kinetics, and cytocompatibility.

Development of a high-efficiency N-acetylneuraminic acid production platform through multi-pathway synergistic engineering.

The growing demand for N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) has driven the need for efficient and environmentally sustainable biomanufacturing processes. Microbial fermentation offers a promising route, yet optimizing cell factories with excellent phenotypes remains challenging. Here, we engineered Escherichia coli to enable high-efficiency co-utilization of glucose and glycerol.

Long-range deployment of tumor-antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes inhibits lung metastasis of breast cancer.

Tumor-antigen-specific CD8 T cells (CTLs) are the main effector immunocytes in anti-tumor immunity, but their systemic deployment against cancer metastasis remains uncharacterized. Here, we found that the abundance of tumor-specific CD103CD8 T cells in the tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) was associated with improved lung-metastasis-free survival in breast cancer patients. In mouse cancer models, CD103CD8 T cells were primed in TDLNs and recruited to the lungs via C-C motif chemokine ligand 5/receptor 9 (CCL25/CCR9) signaling to inhibit metastasis through antigen-specific immunity.

Jiawei fangji huangqi decoction inhibits renal fibrosis and inflammation in UUO-induced fibrotic kidneys.

Renal fibrosis represents a common pathological pathway in various chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Jiawei Fangji Huangqi decoction (JFH) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula and has been clinically prescribed in China. The aim of this study was to determine the role of JFH in renal fibrosis using a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model and explore its underlying mechanisms.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Severity and Prognosis of Convulsive Status Epilepticus.

Background: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a frequently encountered serious condition in the field of neurology. Research on CSE has always been a key issue in the field of neurological emergencies. Quickly assessing the severity and prognosis of CSE is crucial for guiding treatment.

A review of anti-aging mechanisms of proteins, macropeptides, and related prenylated derivatives.

The process of aging is understood to be associated with the presence of oxidative damage to cells. The development of synthetic prenylated proteins for therapeutic purposes has been a subject of research and development for several decades. The present review encompasses information regarding natural and synthetic prenylated proteins and macropeptides, in addition to the anti-aging effects of these isoprenoids and their underlying mechanisms.

Bioengineered Bile Duct for Liver Regenerative Medicine and Bile Duct Reconstruction.

Bioengineered tubular bile ducts are an emerging strategy in liver regenerative medicine and extrahepatic bile duct reconstruction, offering potential solutions to address biliary diseases and improve outcomes in liver transplantation. Disorders of the biliary system, such as biliary atresia, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and bile duct injury, often result in irreversible damage and cannot be adequately treated with conventional therapies. This review explores the latest advancements in the bioengineering of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, focusing on approaches that leverage cholangiocyte biology, stem cell technologies, and biomaterial innovations.

OmniCellAgent: Towards AI Co-Scientists for Scientific Discovery in Precision Medicine.

The convergence of large language models (LLMs), AIagents, and large-scale omic datasets-such as single-cell omics, marks the arrival of a critical inflection point in biomedical research, via autonomous data mining and novel hypothesis generation. However, there is no specifically designed agentic AI model that can systematically integrate large-scale single-cell (sc) RNAseq (covering diverse diseases and cell types), omic data analytic tools, accumulated biomedical knowledge, and literature search to facilitate autonomous scientific discovery in precision medicine. In this study, we develop a novel agentic AI, OmniCellAgent, to empower non-computational-expert users-such as patients and family members, clinicians, and wet-lab researchers-to conduct scRNA-seq data-driven biomedical research like experts, uncovering molecular disease mechanisms and identifying effective precision therapies.

Temperature-Modulation Categorization of Argonaute-Based Bioreactions Coupled with Amplification Methods for Nucleic Acid Detection.

Argonaute (Ago), a programmable nuclease, has recently emerged as a promising tool for nucleic acid detection. To achieve higher sensitivity, a nucleic acid amplification step is often introduced into the Ago-based detection system, leading the process suffered from the issues of temperature compatibility and device complexity. To address these limitations, integrating multiple reactions within a portable temperature control device shows significant potential to streamline the development and practical application of these systems.

Integrating genomic and pathological characteristics to enhance prognostic precision in advanced NSCLC.

Although immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (ICT) is the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers remains challenging. In this multicenter study, we performed next-generation sequencing of tumor samples from 162 patients receiving first-line ICT at the Chinese PLA General Hospital and collected their pathological image information. First, we established a model to predict the risk of tumor progression based on genomic characteristics.

Multifunctional cellulose based hemostatic materials: From hemostasis to multi-field applications.

Excessive blood loss is the leading cause of death during emergencies, accidents and medical procedures. It is a challenge to effectively and timely control bleeding in severe trauma cases. Developing hemostatic materials with superior properties is very important, although there are various types of hemostatic agents on the market.

Origin Traceability of Chinese Mitten Crab () Using Multi-Stable Isotopes and Explainable Machine Learning.

The Chinese mitten crab () industry is currently facing the challenges of origin fraud, as well as a lack of precision and interpretability of existing traceability methods. Here, we propose a high-precision origin traceability method based on a combination of stable isotope analysis and interpretable machine learning. We sampled Chinese mitten crabs from six origins representing diverse aquatic environments and farming practices, and analyzed their C, N, H, and O stable isotope compositions in different sexes and tissues (hepatopancreas, muscle, and gonad).

Non-linear association between life's essential 8 score and depression in middle-aged and older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: Relatively few studies have investigated the link between the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score and depression among individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Our objective was to explore the potential association between the LE8 score and the presence of depression in adults aged ≥40 years who diagnosed with COPD.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005-2018 was used in this study.

Selective C-P bond cleavage in glyphosate degradation via singlet oxygen-dominated alkali-activated peroxymonosulfate.

Achieving selective degradation of glyphosate (PMG) to avoid the formation of toxic intermediate aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is still a considerable challenge. This study developed a singlet oxygen (O)-driven alkali-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system to achieve selective degradation of PMG by targeting carbon sites with varying electronegativity. The alkali-activated PMS system, utilizing NaBO, NaBO, NaBO, NaOH, and NaCO, effectively degraded PMG following pseudo-first-order kinetics, with k of 0.

Study on fabrication of calcium sulfate hemihydrate/tricalcium phosphate based injectable bone cement modified by sodium alginate-carboxymethyl chitosan gel network and its resistance to collapse.

The collapsibility of bone cement may cause blood vessel embolism, blocking blood flow and causing serious complications such as pulmonary embolism or spinal cord injury, especially when implantation by injection. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an artificial bone graft with excellent collapse resistance performance. Calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate complex bone cements can be formulated as injectable materials, making them particularly suitable for treating irregular bone defects.

Cross-Modal Contrastive Masked AutoEncoder for Compressed Video Pre-Training.

In this paper, we propose a novel Transformer based approach, namely Cross-modal Contrastive Masked AutoEncoder (C2MAE), to Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) on compressed videos. A unified Transformer encoder is employed to discover relationships of visual tokens from RGBs, motion vectors and residuals. A hybrid SSL framework is proposed, which combines the complementary advantages of Masked Image Modeling (MIM) and Contrastive Learning (CL) pretext tasks, for powerful representation learning.

Sharing Task-Relevant Information in Visual Prompt Tuning by Cross-Layer Dynamic Connection.

Recent progress has shown great potential of visual prompt tuning (VPT) when adapting pre-trained vision transformers to various downstream tasks. However, most existing solutions independently optimize prompts at each layer, thereby neglecting the usage of task-relevant information encoded in prompt tokens across layers. Additionally, existing prompt structures are prone to interference from task-irrelevant noise in input images, which can adversely affect the sharing of task-relevant information.

Host SUMOylation in bacterial infections and immune defense mechanisms.

SUMOylation, the covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-like modifier proteins (SUMO) to lysine residues of target substrates, has emerged as a crucial post-translational modification regulating various cellular processes. Recent studies have revealed that SUMOylation also plays significant roles in host-pathogen interactions during bacterial infections. On the one hand, SUMOylation can modulate host innate immune responses, such as inflammatory signaling and autophagy, to defend against invading bacteria.

Super-silencers are crucial for development and carcinogenesis in B cells.

The strength of the repressive histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation modification signal varies drastically at individual silencers. Focusing on cases of an unusually strong repressive signal in regions that we refer to as super-silencers, we demonstrate that the regions that become B-cell super-silencers are originally associated with gene upregulation during development, and their target genes are highly expressed in stem cells, especially during early developmental stages. About 13% of B-cell super-silencers transmute to super-enhancers in B-cell lymphoma and 22% of these conversions recur across more than half of patients.

Relationship of the oxidative balance score with the risk of frailty and mortality in patients with asthma: a mediation analysis of NHANES.

Background: The high risk of frailty in patients with asthma is of increasing concern. Oxidative stress is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of asthma, and the oxidative balance score (OBS) is a new index reflecting the state of oxidative homeostasis in the body that integrates dietary and physical activity factors. However, the relationship between the OBS and risk of frailty in patients with asthma remains unclear.

Reproductive toxicity of glyphosate and its main metabolite aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA) on zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Glyphosate(GLY), as the most widely used herbicide globally, has attracted much attention for its potential toxicity, especially reproductive toxicity. Its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) also has biological activity and may remain in the body for a long time with stronger toxic effects. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to GLY or AMPA at the concentration of 0, 0.

Identification and Functional Analysis of the Fragrance Terpene Synthase Gene PpTPS5 in Pyrethrum parthenium.

Pyrethrum parthenium, a perennial herb from the genus Pyrethrum within the Asteraceae family, is known for its potent fragrance and significant economic value. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in the synthesis and regulation of its floral fragrance compounds remain unclear. This study used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze the volatile compounds in five parts of P.