A Distinct Immunological Signature in Late-Onset Myasthenia Gravis: Insights from an Exploratory Proteomics Study.

Objective: Approximately 80% of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) have autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptor, and clinical characteristics may vary between early-onset (symptom onset age <50 years) and late-onset MG (EOMG and LOMG), but the pathophysiological differences between EOMG and LOMG are not well established.

Methods: We performed an exploratory in-depth proteomics analysis examining 768 inflammatory proteins utilizing the baseline serum samples from the BeatMG study (NCT02110706). We performed pathway enrichment analysis to assess the pathways involved in LOMG.

Efficacy and safety of the CT-guided co-ablation system in the treatment of malignant melanoma with hepatic metastasis.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided co-ablation in patients with hepatic metastases from malignant melanoma.

Methods: Clinical data of 79 patients with hepatic metastases from malignant melanoma who underwent co-ablation (integration of cryoablation and thermal ablation) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) treatment between October 2019 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into group A (n = 50), patients who received co-ablation, and group B (n = 29), patients who received PD-1 treatment.

Downregulation of the core circadian gene Nr1d2 in the lacrimal gland contributes to postoperative dry eye disease by impairing lipid metabolism.

Purpose: Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent complication after refractive surgery, and its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Given that circadian rhythm tightly regulates tear secretion, this study aims to investigate the circadian changes in the lacrimal gland after corneal refractive surgery and the associated mechanisms.

Methods: C57/BL6 mice underwent corneal epithelial abrasion and stromal severing.

Unraveling the role of distinct cytoskeletal motility structures in Mycoplasma pneumoniae relatives.

Mycoplasma represents a unique genus of prokaryotic bacteria distinguished by the absence of a cell wall, a characteristic that sets it apart from other bacteria. Within the Mollicutes class, phylogenetic analysis reveals three distinct categories: Spiroplasma, Mycoplasma and Acholeplasma. Mycoplasmas within Pneumoniae are recognized for their capacity to induce a range of diseases in both humans and animals, frequently impacting respiratory and reproductive health.

3D-printed scaffold with biomimetic gradient structure for promoting bone regeneration through inhibiting inflammation and facilitating in-situ biomineralization.

Critical-sized bone defects caused by trauma, congenital malformation, or tumor resection remain a major challenge around the world. Current bone tissue-engineering scaffolds are partially confined by inadequate scaffold architecture design that mismatches with natural bone tissue, which affect normal biological functions like inflammation modulation and biomineralization, thus impairing bone regeneration process. Herein, a biomimetic 3D-printed BMGP scaffold composed of polydopamine (PDA)-polylactide (PLA) scaffold and black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets/manganese carbonyl (MnCO) nanosheets/gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel (named as BMG hydrogel) was developed for augmenting bone regeneration via strengthening anti-inflammatory effect and promoting in-situ biomineralization process.

Constructing high-dispersed Au anchored COFs composites by in-situ self-reduction method for realizing sensitive SERS detection of letrozole.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), an ultrasensitive molecular fingerprinting technique, requires substrates that synergistically integrate electromagnetic field amplification (via plasmonic hotspots) and analyte enrichment (through nanoscale molecular confinement). Although metal nanoparticles (NPs) generate hotspots, their practical utility is hindered by chemical instability, poor reproducibility, and weak analyte affinity. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), with designable porosity, ultrahigh surface areas, and stability, offer a promising platform to address these limitations.

Rsearch progress on the relationship between aging and microbiota in sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle disease associated with adverse outcomes such as falls, decreased function, frailty, and death, and is a significant global public health problem that impairs the functioning of individuals. Aging is intensifying, the number of people with sarcopenia is increasing, and there are currently no specific treatment drugs for sarcopenia. The clinical pathogenesis of sarcopenia is extremely complex, and the underlying mechanism of immunosenescence and dysbiosis associated with aging on sarcopenia is not well studied, and they are also potential therapeutic targets for sarcopenia.

Microphase-Separated Hydrogels With Low Hysteresis and High Damping for Flexible Protection and Electronics.

In recent years, many synthetic hydrogels with high mechanical strength have been developed, while few combine elasticity and damping properties like living tissues. The intrinsic contradiction between toughness and resilience makes it challenging to design gels with both effective dissipation and shape maintenance. To address this, this study uses ultrasound-based microreactor technology to fabricate a microphase-separated dual-network hydrogel.

Development of P(NVCL)-based transdermal patches for sinomenine hydrochloride delivery in gouty arthritis.

Gout is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperuricemia and acute arthritis, with global incidence continuing to rise. This study developed a novel transdermal patch utilizing poly(N-vinyl caprolactam) [P(NVCL)] as a carrier matrix for sinomenine hydrochloride. The optimized patch formulation contained 5 % P(NVCL), 1.

An interpretable machine learning model for predicting myocardial injury in patients with high cervical spinal cord injury.

Background: High cervical spinal cord injury (HCSCI) is associated with severe autonomic dysfunction and an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury. However, early identification of myocardial injury remains challenging because of the lack of predictive tools.

Methods: A total of 454 patients with HCSCI were retrospectively enrolled and categorized into myocardial injury (n = 101) and non-injury (n = 353) groups.

Exploring Spin-Electric Coupling in an Electrically-Controlled Rare-Earth Molecular Qubit.

Magnetoelectric materials have attracted considerable interests due to their unique capability to facilitate reciprocal control between the charges and spins in matter. Based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) involving modulated and pulsed electric fields, we have studied a Ce (III)-based molecular qubit under electric control. We observed linear spin-electric coupling (SEC) in the powder sample, which challenges the previous routine of spectral analysis and strength estimation for SEC.

"Smart" Nerves Sprout and Assemble in an Extracellular Matrix-Based 3D Nerve-in-a-Chip Microfluidic Model.

Controlling directional neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell (SC) migration remains critical for nerve regeneration. While 2D anisotropic topographies guide nerve growth via contact guidance, these models fail to recapitulate the 3D extracellular matrix microenvironment of native nerves. Herein, a microfluidic "nerve-in-a-chip" platform is customized and filled with decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel (DNM-G) to investigate how microchannel dimensions regulate 3D neurite extension and SC dynamics.

Predicting hourly indoor ozone concentrations with sensor-based measurements and easily accessible predictors.

Few studies have predicted indoor ozone (O) levels using machine learning methods. This study aimed to predict hourly indoor O concentrations using easily accessible predictors and a machine learning algorithm. We took measurements of indoor O concentrations based on low-cost sensors in 18 cities in China, along with ambient O concentration, meteorological factors, and a binary window status indicator as a proxy for ventilation behaviour, to establish random forest models.

Dynamic changes in liver stiffness measurement by 2D shear-wave elastography predict hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B and well-controlled viremia: a retrospective study.

Background: Antiviral treatment reduces, but does not eliminate, the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Predicting HCC risk in this population remains challenging. This study aimed to use dynamic changes in liver stiffness measurement (LSM) obtained using two-dimensional (2D) shear-wave elastography (SWE) to predict HCC in patients with non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic CHB who had well-controlled viremia.

Overexpression of STOML1 is associated with good prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent head and neck malignancy characterized by high recurrence rate, adversely affecting patient prognosis. The present study aimed to identify key genes and mechanisms affecting NPC prognosis using DNA microarray, bioinformatics analysis and clinical data integration. The gene expression profile of patients with NPC with favorable (n=12) and unfavorable (n=8) prognoses was assessed using cDNA profiling.

The Association Between Health Literacy and Depressive Symptoms With the Mediation Role of Family Health and Perceived Social Support in Older Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Objectives: There was a lack of in-depth understanding of the relationship between health literacy and depressive symptoms, and it was also unclear whether family health and perceived social support mediated this relationship and were negatively associated with the presence of depressive symptoms in older adults. This study aimed to explore the relationship between health literacy and depressive symptoms among older adults, while assessing the mediating roles of family health and perceived social support.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in China in 2021, involving 1147 participants aged 60 and older recruited using a nationwide multistage random sampling method.

An investigation of the relationship and pathways of influence between body mass index, motor coordination, and health-related physical fitness index in preschool children.

Background: Movement development and motor ability are related to preschool children's physical health, and obesity is an increasingly serious problem in early childhood.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the mechanism of body mass index (BMI), motor coordination (MC), and physical fitness index (PFI) influencing pathways and to provide theoretical references for promoting the health management of preschool children.

Methods: A total of 374 preschool children aged 3-6 years from a kindergarten in Weifang City, Shandong Province, China, were recruited to this study using a stratified random sampling method.

Orbital torque switching of room temperature two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnet FeGaTe.

Efficiently manipulating the magnetization of van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets has attracted considerable interest in developing room-temperature two-dimensional (2D) material-based memory and logic devices. Here, taking advantage of the unique properties of the vdW ferromagnet as well as promising characteristics of the orbital Hall effect, we demonstrate the room-temperature magnetization switching of vdW ferromagnet FeGaTe through the orbital torque generated by the orbital Hall material, Titanium (Ti). The switching current density is estimated to be around 1.

Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Regulates Specific Interferon-Stimulating Genes to Inhibit Apoptosis of Corneal Epithelial Cells in Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has demonstrated the potential to treat dry eye disease (DED), although its mechanism is not well-understood. This study investigated the effect of CGRP on apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells in a model of DED.

Methods: Tear samples were collected from patients with DED.

AFM-Based Deep Learning Decodes Human Macrophage Mechanophenotypes.

Macrophage polarization into inflammatory (M1) and repairing/healing (M2) functional phenotypes are fundamental mechanisms in immune defensive responses, tissue repair, and disease control. Conventional phenotyping approaches based on molecular biomarkers are limited by destructive protocols, static endpoint analyses, and a disregard for the biomechanical attributes of cells. In this study, an integrated artificial intelligence (AI)-atomic force microscopy (AFM) platform is introduced that enables label-free, mechanophenotyping of macrophages at single-cell resolution.

Optimal Gestational Weight Gain and Fetal Growth in Urban Environments: The Role of Residential Greenness.

The influence of residential greenness on maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and fetal intrauterine growth remains understudied. This study examined the impact of residential greenness on GWG and fetal intrauterine growth and assessed the mediating role of GWG. The research included 29406 births in Shanghai, utilizing the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to measure greenness within a 500 m radius (NDVI-500).

Epichlorohydrin cross-linked chitosan for adsorption of reactive red 2 dye: Optimization and adsorption mechanism.

The direct discharge of wastewater containing chemical dyes seriously affects human health. Here, we prepared novel adsorbent cross-linked chitosan beads for adsorption of chemically synthesized dyes. The prepared chitosan beads were tested for a series of characterization and adsorption properties.

Blood and digital biomarkers in MG.

Biomarkers are measurable indicators to assess physiological processes, disease states, or therapy responses. In myasthenia gravis (MG), biomarkers are critical for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment optimization. Despite advances in MG diagnostics and therapies, predictive biomarkers to personalize treatment remain underdeveloped.

The optimal strategy for seasonal influenza vaccination to prevent high-intensity level of influenza epidemics in Zhejiang, China: an integrated transmission-dynamic and health-economic modeling analysis.

Background: Although Seasonal Influenza Vaccination (SIV) is a crucial preventive measure, achieving sufficient coverage to completely control influenza epidemics poses a significant challenge. This study aims to evaluate optimal strategies for SIV to prevent high-intensity level of influenza epidemics in Zhejiang Province, China. High-intensity outbreaks were defined as weekly incidence rates above 72.

Cross-Modal Contrastive Masked AutoEncoder for Compressed Video Pre-Training.

In this paper, we propose a novel Transformer based approach, namely Cross-modal Contrastive Masked AutoEncoder (C2MAE), to Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) on compressed videos. A unified Transformer encoder is employed to discover relationships of visual tokens from RGBs, motion vectors and residuals. A hybrid SSL framework is proposed, which combines the complementary advantages of Masked Image Modeling (MIM) and Contrastive Learning (CL) pretext tasks, for powerful representation learning.