Optimal guiding methods for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation: Characteristics of intravascular ultrasound other techniques.

A recent study in examined the use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation. The study concluded that IVUS significantly reduces procedure time, radiation exposure, and the number of needle passes compared to conventional fluoroscopic guidance. IVUS offers real-time visualization of the portal vein, but challenges remain in terms of equipment costs and the operator learning curve.

New tetrahydrobenzocyclooctabenzofuranone and dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Kadsura jaonica.

Phytochemical investigation of Kadsura japonica led to the isolation and characterization of six new lignans, including four tetrahydrobenzocyclooctabenzofuranone ones designated as kadjaponins A - D (1-4), and two dibenzocyclooctadiene ones named kadjaponins E and F (5 and 6), along with eighteen known analogues (7-24). The structural elucidation of these compounds was achieved through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including NMR, MS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Notably, compounds 1 and 2 were found to feature an unprecedented epoxy moiety, prompting the expected structural revisions of three previously reported compounds, heteroclitin J, longipedlignan O, and longipedlignan P.

Time-Lagged Effects of Hyperglycemia on Inflammation in Older Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Nutritional Insights and Personalized Intervention Windows.

Purpose: The dynamic interplay between glucose metabolism and systemic inflammation is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor influencing outcomes in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), yet its temporal patterns and the modifying role of nutritional status remain insufficiently understood.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 507 older adults (≥65 years) hospitalized with CAP were included. Serial measurements of blood glucose (GLU), C-reactive protein (CRP), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were obtained at admission, 24 hours, and 72 hours.

Peptide codes for organ-selective mRNA delivery.

Organ-selective delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) is critical for fulfilling the therapeutic potential of mRNA-based gene and protein replacement technologies. Despite clinical advances in the hepatic delivery of mRNA using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), current strategies for extrahepatic-organ-selective mRNA delivery still have limitations. Here we report a peptide-encoded organ-selective targeting (POST) method for the delivery of mRNA to extrahepatic organs after systemic administration, which is based on the modular tuning of LNPs through surface engineering with specific amino acid sequences (POST codes).

Deciphering intrakingdom synergism in 17β-estradiol degradation through DNA-SIP coupled metagenomics: Metabolic cooperation and niche partitioning in bioaugmented soil microbiomes.

17β-Estradiol (17β-E2), a persistent endocrine-disrupting compound, threatens ecosystem health through bioaccumulation. While bioaugmentation offers promise for environmental remediation, mechanistic insights into interspecies interactions between exogenous and indigenous degraders remain underexplored. Here, a synthetic microbial consortium (EL) was constructed by combining Rhodococcus erythropolis D310-1 and Microbacterium oxydans ML-6, which reduced the 17β-E2 degradation half-life by 53.

An undescribed phytyl melilotic acid ester and chromomoric acid derivatives from Artemisia anomala and their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract from Artemisia anomala twigs and leaves led to the isolation and structural elucidation of four previously unreported compounds, including a phytyl melilotic acid ester designated as artemanoin A (1), and three chromomoric acid derivatives named anomalones E - G (2-4). Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were unambiguously established through extensive spectroscopic characterization (HRESIMS, 1D/2D NMR) coupled with chemical derivatization study and quantum chemical calculations (including ECD, optical rotation and NMR computations). Notably, artemanoin A (1) represents an acyclic diterpenoid featuring an unusual ester linkage with melilotic acid, a structural motif rarely encountered in natural products.

Mechanistic insights into circularization via group I intron-based scarless circular RNA.

Circular RNA (circRNA) offers significant advantages in stability, storage, manufacturing, and pharmacokinetics, making it an attractive option for therapeutic applications over linear RNA. However, the commonly used permuted intron-exon (PIE) method for constructing circRNA introduces an exogenous "scar" sequence during splicing initiation, potentially compromising circRNA potency and inducing immunogenicity. Through exploration of the molecular mechanism of the group I intron splicing, we conclude the sequence characterization of splice sites and the recognition rules of IG sequence.

mRNA-Based FRET-FLIM Imaging Platform for Quantifying Lipid Nanoparticle Endosomal Escape and Membrane Damage.

Efficient endosomal escape and membrane damage are crucial for mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNPs) delivery but remain challenging to quantify. Here, we develop FRET-lifetime imaging for mRNA-LNP tracking (FLINT), an intramolecular FRET-FLIM platform to dynamically monitor mRNA release kinetics and endosomal damage in live cells. Capitalizing on the 50- to 100-fold higher concentration of glutathione (GSH) in the cytosol relative to endocytic vesicles, the FLINT employs disulfide-linked fluorophores conjugated to mRNA uridines, enabling precise tracking of cytosolic mRNA via GSH-activated signal amplification (20-50×).

Degradation of IRF6 by TRIM59 in tumor cells triggers PGM1-mediated glycolysis to regulate cell proliferation in neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial malignancy in children, and patients who develop recurrent or metastatic disease are likely to have a much poorer survival prognosis. Herein, by applying random forest and XGBoost machine-learning techniques, we identified interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 6 as the most crucial gene associated with neuroblastoma patient survival. Low IRF6 expression was further determined to be associated with dismal survival in neuroblastoma patients.

Clinical pathological characteristics correlation of gene mutation in giant cell tumor of bone: a study of 96 cases.

Background: Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) has been a common primary bone tumor with potential malignancy and local aggressiveness. gene mutation has been gradually understood to be related with GCTB occurrence. However, the relationship between different mutation sites and tumor pathological morphology as well as clinical prognosis is still uncertain.

Evaluation of the performance of large language models in endoscopic lumbar surgery: a comparative analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of three large language models (LLMs)-ChatGPT o1-preview, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, and Gemini 1.5 Pro-in providing information on endoscopic lumbar surgery based on 10 frequently asked patient questions.

Estimation of bloodstains time since deposition based on ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in forensic laboratorie.

The age of bloodstains at a crime scene provides key information for criminal investigation and interpretation, with important implications in forensic medicine. In this study, silica gel was used as a carrier for bloodstains with different ages to simulate a porous wall surface at an indoor crime scene. A method was developed for bloodstain dating based on attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and neural networks.

S-Propargyl-Cysteine Attenuates Stroke Heterogeneity via Promoting Protective Autophagy Across Multiple Neural Cell Types: Insights From Single-Cell Sequencing.

Introduction: Stroke, predominantly ischemic, is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Despite advances in intervention strategies, effective treatments to mitigate neurological injury post-ischemic stroke remain limited. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), a gas signaling molecule, has been implicated in neuroprotection, but its role in stroke is controversial.

Epichlorohydrin cross-linked chitosan for adsorption of reactive red 2 dye: Optimization and adsorption mechanism.

The direct discharge of wastewater containing chemical dyes seriously affects human health. Here, we prepared novel adsorbent cross-linked chitosan beads for adsorption of chemically synthesized dyes. The prepared chitosan beads were tested for a series of characterization and adsorption properties.

Boosting RNA nanotherapeutics with V-ATPase activating non-inflammatory lipid nanoparticles to treat chronic lung injury.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a promising platform for mRNA delivery. However, their use in inflammatory pulmonary diseases is limited by reactogenicity and suboptimal delivery. Here we develop a non-inflammatory LNP (NIF-LNP) by incorporating ursolic acid, identified from a natural product library, into a biodegradable, cationic phosphoramide-derived LNP formulation.

de novo Fabrication of Dense Collagen Matrices with Patterned Hierarchical Structures for Corneal Stromal Tissue Repair.

Collagen is a versatile biological building block that is guided by extracellular cues to self-assemble into diverse hierarchical structures that perform various tissue functions. Here, the use of top-down inputs and controlled contextual cues is reported for the de novo fabrication of patterned dense collagen matrices with spatially varying tailored mesoscale structures. Initially, imposed electrical inputs are used to guide collagen triple helix molecules to partially assemble into a dense metastable molten fibril state that can be induced by permissive contextual cues (especially humidity) to undergo further assembly.

Engineering a functionality-integrated artificial cornea stromal Substitute: Janus bio-adhesive implant with a collagen-based multi-scale biomimetic skeleton.

Corneal transplantation presents an urgent demand for artificial cornea stromal substitutes (ACSs) with comprehensive functional design, spanning from material biology to clinical application. Here, we report the use of an engineering integration strategy to develop Janus ACSs with collagen-based multiscale biomimetic skeletons and tissue-adhesion. Specifically, the electro-assembly of collagen is employed to construct the skeleton of Janus ACS that mimics the microstructure and macroscopic morphology of native corneal stroma, ensuring the desired transparency, refractive power and adaptable shape.

Cardiolipin-mimic lipid nanoparticles without antibody modification delivered senolytic in vivo CAR-T therapy for inflamm-aging.

mRNA-based in vivo chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell engineering offers advantages over ex vivo therapies, including streamlined manufacturing and transient expression. However, current delivery methods require antibody-modified vehicles with manufacturing challenges. In this study, inspired by cardiolipin, we identify cardiolipin-like di-phosphoramide lipids that improve T cell transfection without targeting ligands, both in vitro and in vivo.

Coherent Ag-rich nanoprecipitates/β-AgSe flexible film with unprecedented thermoelectric performance by liquid-like sintering.

β-AgSe holds a great promise for wearable thermoelectric generators due to its good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, optimizing its power factor through alterations in the Ag/Se stoichiometric ratio or incorporating secondary phases has reached the limitation. This work adopts a liquid-like sintering strategy, namely employing the migration and precipitation of silver ions from metallic silver to the silver selenide during the spark plasma sintering process to construct significantly sized and coherent Ag-rich nanoprecipitates within flexible Ag/β-AgSe composite films, thereby achieving an unprecedented power factor exceeding 4000 μWmK at 303 K.

Whole-tumor histogram analysis of synthetic MRI for the differentiation of benign and malignant soft-tissue tumors: a preliminary study.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic potential of histogram features derived from synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) for the differentiation of benign and malignant soft-tissue tumors (STTs).

Materials And Methods: Seventy-two patients with STTs of the extremities or trunk (29 benign, 43 malignant) were prospectively enrolled. Quantitative histogram features, extracted from T1, T2, and proton density (PD) images, were obtained by delineating the three-dimensional volume of interest (VOI).

Enhancing sepsis management: the role of dynamic heparin-binding protein monitoring in elderly patients.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with particularly high mortality rates among the elderly. This study investigates the dynamic monitoring of heparin-binding protein (HBP) levels as prognostic biomarkers to improve risk stratification and management in elderly septic patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving patients aged 65 and older who were hospitalized for sepsis.

The drug-elicitable alternative splicing module for tunable vector expression in the heart.

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are commonly used for gene therapy, but a clinically relevant method to fine-tune AAV expression is lacking, restricting their therapeutic efficacy and safety. Here we develop the drug-elicitable alternative splicing module (DreAM), which is responsive to risdiplam, a Food and Drug Administration-approved alternative splicing modulator. Risdiplam activated DreAM-regulated AAV expression in a dose-dependent manner with a 2,000-fold inducible change, depending on the dose of risdiplam and the organ of interest.

Identification and validation of cellular senescence-related genes and immune cell infiltration characteristics in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objective: To identify cell senescence-related genes and immune cell infiltration characteristics in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) using bioinformatics and investigate their biological functions and signaling pathways.

Methods: GSE56081 and GSE23130 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The former was used for the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the latter was used as the validation set.

Explainable AI assisted vertebral refracture diagnosis after percutaneous vertebroplasty through effective feature engineering and stacked ensemble learning.

Background And Objective: To develop and validate a machine learning model based on stacking ensemble learning and feature selection strategies to predict vertebral refracture risk after percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Methods: Clinical data from osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) patients treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty were retrospectively collected. Preprocessing steps included outlier removal, feature encoding, normalization, and Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) for dataset balancing.

Ubiquitination in lipid metabolism reprogramming: implications for pediatric solid tumors.

Pediatric solid tumors represent a significant subset of childhood cancers, accounting for approximately 60% of new diagnoses. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, survival rates remain markedly disparate between high-income and resource-limited settings, underscoring the urgent need for novel and effective treatments. Lipid metabolic reprogramming is a fundamental hallmark of cancer, driving tumor progression, therapeutic resistance, and immune evasion through enhanced fatty acid uptake, increased lipid synthesis, and activated fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO).