Label-free immunoassay based on chemiluminescence-functionalized magnetic mesoporous nanoparticles for rapid detection of neuron-specific enolase.

Lung cancer, as one of the cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality rates in the world, requires accurate detection of its vital serum marker, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), which is a key challenge for early detection of lung cancer. However, traditional chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) methods rely on labeled antibodies (Abs) and suffer from complex operations and high costs. In this work, a label-free CLIA based on CL-functionalized mesoporous magnetic nanoparticles (CuFeO@mSiO-Cys-Luminol-Au NPs) is developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of NSE.

Atomic armor for thermal stability in nanoporous structures.

Nanoporous structures play a critical role in a wide range of applications, including catalysis, thermoelectrics, energy storage, gas adsorption, and thermal insulation. However, their thermal instability remains a persistent challenge. Inspired by the extraordinary resilience of tardigrades, an "atomic armor" strategy is introduced to enhance the stability of nanoporous structures.

Isowighteone attenuates vascular calcification by targeting HSP90AA1-mediated PI3K-Akt pathway and suppressing osteogenic gene expression.

Background: Isowighteone, an isoflavonoid compound derived from L.f. (, Moraceae), has demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory properties in prior studies.

Efficacy of postoperative immunotherapy on MPM patients after CRS + HIPEC: A single-center retrospective study based on propensity score matching.

To investigate the efficacy of postoperative immunotherapy in patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The clinical data of 160 MPM patients who underwent CRS + HIPEC at our center from April 2015 to February 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received postoperative chemotherapy and were divided into the Chemo-only group and the Immunotherapy group according to whether they received postoperative immunotherapy or not.

Enabling inclusive systematic reviews: incorporating preprint articles with large language model-driven evaluations.

Objectives: Systematic reviews in comparative effectiveness research require timely evidence synthesis. With the rapid advancement of medical research, preprint articles play an increasingly important role in accelerating knowledge dissemination. However, as preprint articles are not peer-reviewed before publication, their quality varies significantly, posing challenges for evidence inclusion in systematic reviews.

MALAT1 elevates the secretion of Th2 cytokines via miR-422a/NUP155 axis in allergic rhinitis mice.

MALAT1 is one of the most well-studied lncRNAs in various diseases. This work attempted to investigate whether long non-coding RNA MALAT1 participate in the development of allergic rhinitis (AR). In this work, nasal mucosal tissues were obtained from AR patients.

PFSKANs: A Novel Pixel-Level Feature Selection Model Based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks.

Inspired by the interpretability of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs), a novel Pixel-level Feature Selection (PFS) model based on KANs (PFSKANs) is proposed as a fundamentally distinct alternative from trainable Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and transformers in the computer vision tasks. We modify the simplification techniques of KANs to detect key pixels with high contribution scores directly at the input image. Specifically, a trainable selection procedure is intuitively visualized and performed only once, since the obtained interpretable pixels can subsequently be identified and dimensionally standardized using the proposed mathematical approach.

Photodegradation Behavior of Nanosilica-Filled PMMA Composite: Cooperative Effect of Mixed Solvents and Interfacial Functional Groups.

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and its composites are widely used in industrial applications; therefore, their durability is of great concern. In this study, the photooxidative degradation behavior of nanosilica-filled PMMA composite films and the cooperative effect of mixed solvents containing tetrahydrofuran (THF) and chloroform (TCM), as well as interfacial functional groups, was investigated. The surface functional groups of nanosilica fillers, such as polar, aryl, and alkyl moieties, significantly affect the photodegradation kinetics and pathways for PMMA.

Effects of Sugar Impregnation Methods on Physicochemical Properties and Flavor Profiles of Prune Preserves Using GC-IMS and Electronic Tongue.

Thermal impregnation (TI) is a traditional method of sugar infusion, but it has disadvantages such as long processing time and uneven sugar distribution. Therefore, developing sugar impregnation methods to enhance product flavor, nutritional value, and processing efficiency is critical for addressing potential quality loss and efficiency bottlenecks in traditional preserve processing technologies. This study took the TI process widely adopted in Xinjiang over the long term as a reference and systematically compared the effects of vacuum impregnation (VI) and ultrasonic-assisted impregnation (UI) on the flavor characteristics and physicochemical properties of plum preserves.

Oxidative-Inflammatory Crosstalk and Multi-Target Natural Agents: Decoding Diabetic Vascular Complications.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide and its prevalence continues to rise. Chronic hyperglycemia exposes patients to severe complications. Among these, diabetic vascular lesions are the most destructive.

A comparative analysis of cardiopulmonary features in patients with systemic sclerosis and mixed connective tissue disease: results from SOPHIE registry.

Purpose: We aimed to identify various cardiopulmonary involvement patterns in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD).

Methods: Laboratory experiments, pulmonary function test, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), transthoracic echocardiography, and 12-lead electrocardiography were used to evaluate cardiopulmonary function in patients with SSc and those with MCTD..

A cluster of four papain-like cysteine proteases is specifically induced by commensal bacteria and modulates the bacterial load in rice.

Papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) are key regulators of diverse physiological processes, yet their role in mediating plant-microbe interactions remains elusive. Through transcriptomic profiling of rice roots inoculated with soil microbiota, we identified 3777 genes that were specifically responsive to soil microbial colonization. Among these microbiota-responsive genes, a conserved gene cluster of four PLCPs (OsCP14, OsCP16, OsCP19, and OsCP25) exhibited root-specific and microbiota-inducible expression.

Spermine Promotes the Formation of Conchosporangia in Through Superoxide Anions.

The transition from conchocelis to conchosporangia in represents a pivotal stage in its life cycle. As a commercially vital red alga, plays a dominant role in global nori production. The transition governing its sporulation efficiency is pivotal for aquaculture success, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms, especially their integration with metabolic cues such as polyamines, remain poorly understood.

Different Disease Levels Reveal Kiwifruit Brown Spot Impacts on Fruit Yield and Quality.

Kiwifruit brown spot, caused by the fungus , has recently emerged as a problematic foliar disease of kiwifruit, causing premature defoliation. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of kiwifruit brown spot on the yield and quality of kiwifruit. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the fruit quality of 'Hongyang' kiwifruit in the main producing regions.

An unrecognized mechanism of self-protection in degenerating neurons mediated by astrocytic YAP through Wnts/β-catenin/EAAT2 signaling in C9orf72-poly-GA mice.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Non-neuronal cells, particularly astrocytes, have been recognized as pivotal contributors to ALS onset and progression. However, the underlying mechanisms of interactions between astrocytes and motor neurons during ALS remain unclear.

Deinococcus lichenicola sp. nov., A Bacterium Isolated from a Lichen Sample.

A Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated as YIM 134068, was isolated from a lichen. Strain YIM 134068 was non-motile, non-spore forming, coccus shaped, oxidase, and catalase positive. Cells could grow at 10-40 °C (optimum 28 °C) and pH 7.

A biomimetic multifunctional dressing based on stratum corneum microstructure: integrating antibacterial barrier and breathability for enhanced wound healing.

The stratum corneum, which has a "brick-and-mortar" structure, serves as an impermeable barrier against pathogens while enabling gas and moisture exchange. Conventional wound dressings strive to reconcile these needs. They, often prioritize excessively porous structures, which compromise the barrier efficacy, or occlusive designs that hinder substance exchange.

Geographic Age Cohort Study of Maternal Hypertensive Disorders.

Backgrounds: Maternal hypertensive disorders (MHDs) remain a critical global health challenge, disproportionately impacting low-resource regions. Using GBD (Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factor Study) 2021 data, we first analyze global MHD epidemiology from 1990 to 2021 and project trends to 2035.

Methods: Age-standardized rates and estimated annual percentage change quantified incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life years.

Dynamically monitoring pneumonia severity scores to predict the prognosis in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: an international, multicenter cohort study.

Background: Traditional pneumonia severity scores are widely used at treatment initiation to stratify disease severity and predict prognosis. Although they can be reassessed during treatment to evaluate disease progression, their predictive accuracy remains suboptimal. To address this limitation, we introduce a novel machine learning algorithm that quantifies continuous disease progression, enhancing real-time evaluation of treatment efficacy and outcome prediction in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Two new diarylheptanoids from rhizomes.

Eighteen diarylheptanoids, including two new compounds kwangsiline A (), kwangsipyran A (), and sixteen known ones (-, -) were obtained from rhizomes. Through the comprehensive analyses of spectroscopic information and quantum chemical ECD calculation result led to the final determination of these compounds' structural characteristics. Kwangsipyran A () is the fourth epoxy diarylheptanoid with a tetrahydropyran moiety identified in .

High-value organic solvent recovery and reuse in perovskite solar cell manufacturing.

Recycling high-value organic solvents is crucial but challenging in various industries. For example, the perovskite solar cell (PSC), a rising star of photovoltaic industry, calls for proper management of solvents like ,-dimethylformamide (DMF). Traditional solvent recovery methods are often less effective, costly, and energy-intensive.

GraphCheck: Breaking Long-Term Text Barriers with Extracted Knowledge Graph-Powered Fact-Checking.

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used, but they often generate subtle factual errors, especially in long-form text. These errors are fatal in some specialized domains such as medicine. Existing fact-checking with grounding documents methods face two main challenges: (1) they struggle to understand complex multihop relations in long documents, often overlooking subtle factual errors; (2) most specialized methods rely on pairwise comparisons, requiring multiple model calls, leading to high resource and computational costs.

[Dose-effect relationship between the number of acupuncture sessions and efficacy for cervical vertigo: a Meta-regression analysis based on randomized controlled trials].

Objective: To explore the dose-effect relationship between the number of acupuncture sessions and the efficacy for cervical vertigo (CV).

Methods: Literature regarding randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for CV was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, and PubMed databases from inception to June 28th, 2024. Studies were included if patients were treated solely with acupuncture and the core prescription included Baihui (GV20)-Fengchi (GB20)-neck-jiaji (EX-B2).

Serum miR-146a as a diagnostic and predictive biomarker for osteoporosis and bisphosphonate treatment efficacy.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic and predictive value of miR-146a for osteoporosis and bisphosphonate treatment outcomes, and to investigate the underlying mechanism by which bisphosphonates exert therapeutic effects via miR-146a regulation.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 96 patients with osteoporosis and 90 healthy individuals undergoing routine health examinations was analyzed. Serum miR-146a levels were measured to assess their diagnostic utility for osteoporosis.

Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (LZUSHi003-A) from peripheral mononuclear cells of a patient carrying the c.3682delG mutation in the dystrophin gene.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Here, we used Sendai virus to generate a human induced pluripotent stem cell line, LZUSHi003-A, from the peripheral mononuclear cells of a 13-year-old male patient carrying the DMD gene mutation c.3682delG.