Developing and validating a computed tomography radiomics strategy to predict lymph node metastasis in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a key prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer (PC). Accurate preoperative prediction of LNM remains challenging. Radiomics offers a noninvasive method to extract quantitative imaging features that may aid in predicting LNM.

Effects of different leaf colors on the quality of hawk black tea: sensory evaluation and metabolomics.

Leaf color, a vital phenotypic trait, influences the flavor quality of tea. This study investigated the flavor and metabolite profiles of hawk black tea (HBT) processed from leaves of different colors. Sensory evaluation revealed that purple-leaf HBT (PHBT) exhibited prominent floral-fruity notes, green-leaf HBT (GHBT) showed fresh camphoraceous characteristics, while mixed-leaf HBT (MHBT) demonstrated optimal flavor with the highest overall acceptability.

Characterization of key astringent compounds and optimization of the fixation process of early tea in Chuanyu region.

Due to inadequate fixation, early tea produced in the Chuanyu region exhibits high astringency. To mitigate the astringency of early tea, this study identified the astringent compounds present in the tea, subsequently optimized its fixation process based on the key astringent substances. Initially, 20 early tea samples were categorized into three groups (low, middle, and high astringency) according to the differences in astringency.

Lymphocyte subset-based non-invasive biomarker predicts immunochemotherapy efficacy in EGFR-TKI-pretreated EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy (Chemo+ICI) have shown variable benefit in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ()-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease progressed following tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy. This retrospective study evaluated treatment outcomes between Chemo+ICI and chemotherapy alone, and developed a lymphocyte subset model (LSM) using pre-treatment blood samples to predict survival outcome. Patients receiving Chemo+ICI showed significantly improved overall response rates (34.

Degradation of IRF6 by TRIM59 in tumor cells triggers PGM1-mediated glycolysis to regulate cell proliferation in neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial malignancy in children, and patients who develop recurrent or metastatic disease are likely to have a much poorer survival prognosis. Herein, by applying random forest and XGBoost machine-learning techniques, we identified interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 6 as the most crucial gene associated with neuroblastoma patient survival. Low IRF6 expression was further determined to be associated with dismal survival in neuroblastoma patients.

Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Advanced ALK-Rearranged Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

Background: DNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) has identified ALK rearrangements in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), a subset of nonsmall cell lung cancer traditionally lacking effective targeted therapies. While ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like crizotinib and alectinib are effective in ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma, their efficacy in LUSC remains poorly defined due to limited subtype-specific data.

Methods: We presented a case of ALK-rearranged LUSC and established a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model to validate the tumor-inhibitory effects of various ALK-TKIs on ALK-positive LUSC.

Comprehensive first-in-human phase I/II study of FHND-9041 in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: FHND-9041 is a novel third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). This first-in-human study is a single-arm, multi-center, open-label, non-randomized phase Ⅰ/II trial that aims to evaluate the tolerability, safety, pharmacokinetics, and anti-tumor activity of FHND-9041 in patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: The phase I study enrolled 87 patients with previously-treated EGFR T790M-positive NSCLC.

DMCA-Net: Dual-branch multi-granularity hierarchical contrast and cross-attention network for cervical abnormal cell detection.

Accurate detection of abnormal cells is essential for early screening and precise diagnosis of cervical cancer. Despite the recent advances in deep learning-based methods for cervical cancer detection, their broad clinical applications are hindered by several technical challenges. On the one hand, gradually evolved abnormal cells are visually similar to normal cells.

Single-Sensor Impact Source Localization Method for Anisotropic Glass Fiber Composite Wind Turbine Blades.

The wind turbine blade is subject to multi-source impacts, such as bird strikes, lightning strikes, and hail, throughout its extended service. Accurate localization of those impact sources is a key technical link in structural health monitoring of the wind turbine blade. In this paper, a single-sensor impact source localization method is proposed.

Decreased green autofluorescence in cancerous tissues is a potential biomarker for diagnosis of renal cell carcinomas.

This study primarily focuses on the potential sources of autofluorescence, including keratins (KRT) encoded by KRT1, KRT7, and KRT8, to investigate their contributions to the differences in autofluorescence between cancerous tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues, as well as their potential for real-time diagnosis of RCC. First, the autofluorescence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues under 488 nm laser excitation was observed and compared with the autofluorescence of neighboring non-tumor tissues. Then, the effect on the autofluorescence intensity was analyzed by knocking down the KRT1/KRT7 gene.

Determination of the median effective dose of sufentanil combined with remimazolam in inhibiting tracheal intubation response.

To determine the median effective dose (ED50) and 95% effective dose (ED95) of sufentanil combined with remimazolam for inhibiting the tracheal intubation response in patients undergoing general anesthesia and to evaluate the hemodynamic stability and adverse events associated with this drug combination. This prospective dose-finding study used Dixon's up-and-down sequential allocation method. A total of 36 patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery between April 2024 and June 2024 were enrolled.

Periplocin induces necroptosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma through DR4 mediated RIPK3 and MLKL signaling.

Periplocin, a tumor-inhibitory compound derived from Cortex periploca, was investigated for its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential against human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation. BCPAP/TPC-1 cells were treated with periplocin ± necrostatin-1 (a necroptosis inhibitor) or Z-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone (an apoptosis inhibitor). Cell proliferation was assessed using the cell counting kit 8/real-time cell analysis assay.

The disrupted jet stream and its influence on flight time during solar proton events.

The long-chain effects of eruptive solar activities on Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, and the mid-to-lower atmospheric circulation are an important theoretical research topic in the fields of space weather and atmospheric science. Understanding the impact of space weather on aviation holds substantial economic value. It is well-known that flight times for polar routes may increase during solar proton events (SPEs) due to the necessity of avoiding high-energy particles.

Pipeline corrosion detection via group delay accumulation effect of multi-path circumferential guided wave packets.

Circumferential Guided Waves (CGW) inspection offers a prospective approach for detecting corrosion damage in metallic pipeline structures. It could be used to identify the circumferential location of defects and provide quantitative assessments of defects. Typically, the group delay of the first wave packet passing through the corroded region is utilized to evaluate the variation in group velocity due to corrosion.

Prefilled and Concerted Ion Transport Mechanism in Hierarchical Porous Carbons for Ultra-Fast Energy Storage.

Hierarchical porous structures have been extensively reported for their efficiency in achieving fast charging and high energy density in electrochemical capacitors. However, the microscopic dynamic mechanism through which hierarchical pores enhance ion transport and storage remains unclear. Here, we synthesize hierarchical mesopore-micropore carbons with varying mesopore contents of approximately 5 nm in size using a tunable "structure inheritance" strategy for comparative investigation.

Bispecific Antibody Targeting VEGF/TGF-β Synergizes with Local Radiotherapy: Turning Tumors from Cold to Inflamed and Amplifying Abscopal Effects.

Beyond inherently killing cancer cells by directly inducing double-strand DNA breaks, local radiotherapy (RT) can exert immune-priming effects and reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) from immune-cold tumors into inflamed, or "hot" tumors. Nevertheless, this immunogenic antitumor response may be partially counterbalanced by the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) induced by RT. Y332D, a bispecific antibody that simultaneously blockades VEGF and TGF-β, effectively synergized with RT, leading to a durable antitumor effect.

Genome-wide identification of ApeC domain-containing protein and revealing the function of ChACP-1.10 in oyster mucosal immunity.

The Apextrin C-terminal (ApeC) domain-containing protein (ACP), a poorly studied gene family that is found exclusively in invertebrates, plays critical roles in mucosal immunity. However, the evolution and immunological mechanisms of ACP in oysters remain elusive. In this study, a total 148 ACP genes were identified in six oyster species genomes and were classified into five subgroups based on their domain architectures and phylogenetic analysis.

Excitation design for air-coupled PMUTs for ring-down time reduction via time-domain equivalent circuit models.

This paper presents an analytical approach to determine optimal offset signals for driving air-coupled piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs), aimed at effectively reducing ring-down time and broadening bandwidth without compromising transmission sensitivity. To achieve this, a time-domain equivalent circuit simulation platform for PMUTs is developed to quickly obtain and analyze the air-coupled PMUTs response. This platform facilitates to fast obtain the ring-down times for different excitation signals and allows continuous adjustment of parameters for the offset signal waveform.

Intrathecal nivolumab and IL-2 for treatment of leptomeningeal metastases in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a serious complication of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Intrathecal administration of nivolumab or interleukin-2 (IL-2) has demonstrated efficacy in this setting. Preclinical and limited clinical evidence suggest that combining IL-2 with anti-PD1 therapy may synergistically enhance anti-tumor immunity.

CISD2 ameliorates heatstroke-associated early cognitive deficits by inhibiting ferroptosis and maintaining dendritic spine density in hippocampal neurons in mice.

Heatstroke encephalopathy is a universal primary manifestation of heatstroke. Early brain injury caused by heatstroke may lead to long-term cognitive impairment in survivors, yet it frequently evades detection by standard diagnostic techniques. Thus, the discovery of reliable biomarkers for early brain injury detection is necessary.

Key floral-fruity aroma compounds in Sichuan Congou black tea: identification via MDGC-MS/O and sensory evaluation.

Congou black tea has garnered significant interest among customers because of its distinctive floral-fruity aroma. To determine the differences in characteristic volatile compounds among various varieties, a total of 147 volatile compounds were identified across 25 samples via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Through hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), 25 samples were classified into two clusters, in which the Fuding variety, Jinguanyin variety, Huangguanyin variety, and Meizhan variety were clustered into one category, whereas the Sichuan population variety was clustered into the other.

Strategies Beyond 3rd EGFR-TKI Acquired Resistance: Opportunities and Challenges.

The seminal identification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations as pivotal oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has catalyzed the evolution of biomarker-guided therapeutic paradigms for advanced disease. Currently, third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) have revolutionized first-line treatment for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC, yet acquired resistance remains an inevitable and formidable clinical challenge. This review systematically summarizes molecular mechanisms underlying treatment resistance, with a focus on clinical challenges associated with central nervous system (CNS) metastases.

IoT-Based Airport Noise Perception and Monitoring: Multi-Source Data Fusion, Spatial Distribution Modeling, and Analysis.

With the acceleration of global urbanization, airport noise pollution has emerged as a significant environmental concern that demands attention. Traditional airport noise monitoring systems are fraught with limitations, including restricted spatial coverage, inadequate real-time data acquisition capabilities, poor data correlation, and suboptimal cost-effectiveness. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an innovative airport noise perception and monitoring approach leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology.

Flavor characteristic and characterization of key sweet aroma compounds in Camellia nanchuanica black tea.

Camellia nanchuanica (NC) black tea has garnered attention for it's appealing sweet taste and aroma. Previously, phloridzin was identified as the key sweet taste compound in NC black tea. To investigate the aroma characteristic of NC black tea, a flavor wheel containing 54 flavor attributes, was developed using 30 samples of NC black tea.

Silver-Catalyzed Formal [3 + 3] Heteroannulation of Aziridines with 3-Aminoacrylates via Ring-Opening and C-H Amination: Access to 1,4,5,6-Tetrahydropyrazines.

Direct construction of the piperazine scaffolds with multiple functionalities remains important yet challenging. Herein, a silver-catalyzed formal [3 + 3] heteroannulation of aziridines with 3-aminoacrylates via ring-opening and vinyl C(sp)-H amination for the direct synthesis of tetrasubstituted 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrazines is reported. Upon the catalytic activation of the silver Lewis acid, this protocol enables the formation of two new C-N bonds through selective nucleophilic ring-opening and C-H aminative cyclization cascades, featuring a broad substrate scope and a good functional group tolerance with excellent selectivity.