Capsaicin regulated lipid metabolism in HepG2 via mitochondrial autophagy PINK1/Parkin pathway.

Capsaicin (CAP), a major natural functional component in chili peppers, has garnered considerable attention for its health benefits, including lipid-lowering effects, and its precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the lipid-reducing effects of CAP on oleic acid (OA)-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and explore the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CAP exerted lipid-lowering effects by reducing triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in OA-induced HepG2 cells.

Physics-informed neural network for hydraulic prediction in open-channel water transfer projects with sparse monitoring data.

Open-channel water transfer projects play a crucial role in addressing regional water supply-demand imbalances, and real-time, comprehensive, and accurate acquisition of their hydrodynamic spatiotemporal evolution is essential for ensuring safety and efficiency of water conveyance and optimizing scheduling strategies. While hydraulic monitoring systems and numerical simulations are potential solutions, the former struggles to balance the number of monitoring points with cost constraints to achieve comprehensive and economically feasible measurements, and the latter requires clear boundary conditions and key parameters that often pose challenges in practical scenarios. This paper presents a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN)-based method applied to predicting hydraulic transients in open channels, incorporating sparse monitoring data and physical laws.

Photocatalytic Synthesis of 1,2-Sulfinate-Sulfonate Esters by Four-Component Radical-Polar Crossover Cyclization.

Structurally diverse 1,2-sulfinate-sulfonate esters are shown to be conveniently prepared through visible light-induced sulfonation and sulfinylation of difunctionalized alkenes using alcohols and NaHSO. The reactions proceed under mild conditions in the presence of photocatalysts and HCOH as an additive, exhibiting good functional group tolerance and a broad scope. Furthermore, this method is scalable and has been successfully applied to synthesize 1,2-disulfonic acid esters.

Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites Orchestrate Metabolic Reprogramming in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Frontiers.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cardiovascular complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by myocardial structural and functional abnormalities in the absence of overt coronary artery disease or hypertension. A growing body of evidence implicates the gut microbiota and its metabolites as key modulators of systemic metabolic homeostasis, influencing energy metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The gut microbiota emerges as a novel regulator of cardiac remodeling and metabolic reprogramming in DCM through the gut-heart axis.

Impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor on Recurrence After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With or Without Metabolic Syndrome.

Aims: The impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation is still inconclusive. Besides, their efficacy on AF recurrence stratified by metabolic syndrome (MetS) status remains unknown.

Methods: Patients with AF undergoing initial catheter ablation between January 2017 and December 2023 from the China-AF Registry were included.

FungiSNC: An integrated database for fungi small non-coding RNAs based on high-throughput sequencing.

Introduction: Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have been proven to play crucial roles in various biological processes such as development, stress responses, virulence, and pathogenicity. However, to the best of our knowledge, none of the currently available databases can store, manage, and analyze the vast amounts of sncRNA sequencing data. A comprehensive web-based platform for the integration and analysis of sncRNAs in fungi and their potential functions is still lacking.

A novel hypomorphic mutation in associated with severe interstitial lung disease.

In individuals with hypomorphic mutations of , inflammatory or autoimmune disorders are rare. We present a child with prolonged and severe interstitial lung disease, Omenn-like syndrome, and a novel frameshift variant in .

Wearable HS Sensors with Enhanced Humidity Tolerance: Microcrumpled SnO Quantum-Wire Films for Real-Time Room-Temperature Gas Monitoring.

The detection of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in humid environments remains a significant challenge, particularly in wearable gas sensors where humidity, mechanical flexibility, and power consumption are critical constraints. In this study, we introduce a stretchable, humidity-resistant HS sensor based on microcrumpled SnO quantum-wire films, designed for efficient gas detection at room temperature with low-power consumption. The sensor's architecture enhances gas adsorption by increasing the active surface area while minimizing water accumulation through surface energy modulation.

The Mechanisms Associated with Inflammation and Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in The Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome, with more than half of the cases classified as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF is strongly associated with comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, anemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), advanced age, and female gender. Despite its high prevalence, the exact pathogenesis of HFpEF remains poorly understood, leading to limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis.

Enhancing CRISPR/Cas-mediated detection of nucleic acids using PNIPAM-based reporters.

Currently most conventional reporters in CRISPR/Cas system, including fluorophore-quencher (FQ) and magnetic bead (MB)-based reporters, encounter limitations in terms of sensitivity and compatibility. To overcome these challenges, we developed novel reporters for CRISPR/Cas systems based on thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). Below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), PNIPAM-based reporters exhibited a liquid state and can be cleaved by Cas proteins in a homogeneous reaction, preserving function and structure of Cas proteins while effectively accelerating the reaction kinetics.

Pemafibrate treatment produces antidepressant-like effects in CUMS and CRS models through activation of hippocampal PPARa and BDNF signaling.

Background: It is well established that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of depression. Several PPARα agonists, including WY14643, fenofibrate, and gemfibrozil, have been reported to produce antidepressant-like effects in mouse models through PPARα-mediated enhancement of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling and neurogenesis. Pemafibrate is a novel and highly selective modulator of PPARα, and therefore, we hypothesised that it might also exhibit antidepressant-like efficacy.

Advances in Hydrogel-Based Delivery of RNA Drugs for Antitumor Therapy.

Tumors are a major disease that seriously threatens human health, with their incidence and mortality rates increasing year by year. However, traditional therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have significant limitations, including significant side effects and propensity for drug resistance. In recent years, with the rapid development of medical technology, RNA therapy has shown great potential as an emerging treatment method in anti-tumor therapy, bringing new hope for tumor treatment.

Characterization of the Probiotic Properties and Cholesterol Metabolism Regulation Potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum QL-19.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a crucial role in food fermentation and human health. This study introduces Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) QL-19, a novel probiotic strain isolated from traditional Hunan pickles and characterized via whole-genome sequencing and in vitro functional assays.

A comparative analysis of clinical phenotypes and outcomes in childhood interstitial lung disease due to surfactant dysfunction disorders: focusing on mutations in SFTPC, ABCA3, and NKX2-1 genes.

Background: Surfactant dysfunction disorders are a group of rare diseases that lead to childhood interstitial lung diseases (ILD). SFTPC, ABCA3, and NKX2-1 are the three genetic forms of this condition. The differences in clinical presentations and prognostic outcomes across these genotypes are not well understood, warranting comparative analysis.

High-Reynolds-Number Turbulence Database: AeroFlowData.

Turbulence widely appears in natural and industrial environments, with its multi-scale structures posing significant challenges for accurate simulation and prediction. Nowadays, turbulence databases play a crucial role in advancing scientific research. However, existing turbulence databases primarily focus on fundamental turbulence problems and are predominantly limited to turbulent flows at low-to-moderate Reynolds number, making them insufficient to address high-Reynolds-number turbulence challenges in complex engineering applications.

Metabolic genes interaction perturbation network identified and validated CD24 as a novel prognostic gene in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Molecular subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is primarily identified via high throughput expression profiles, largely ignoring the dynamic changes of gene expressions. Yet, biological networks remain steadily characterize disease state irrespective of time and conditions. We aim to utilize a metabolic genes interaction perturbation network-based approach to facilitate the subtyping and precision treatment of HCC patients.

Barriers and facilitators to explore palliative care implementation in the ICU from tripartite perspectives: a qualitative systematic review and meta-aggregation.

Objective: To synthesise qualitative studies on the experiences and perceptions of palliative care in the intensive care unit (ICU) among healthcare providers, patients and families.

Design: Meta-aggregation.

Methods: Published and unpublished literature from January 2025 was retrieved from MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, PsycINFO, Google Scholar and four Chinese databases (CNKI, WANGFANG DATA, Vip and Sinomed).

Correction: How digital leadership impacts community resilience: a moderated mediation model.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.

The enhanced pathological response from additional immunotherapy improved recurrence-free survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multi-center cohort study.

Background: Immunotherapy shows promise in enhancing pathological responses in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC), but its long-term survival benefits remain uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the impact of adding immunotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) on survival in ESCC patients.

Methods: From five medical centers, 273 ESCC patients were studied, receiving either neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nICT) or nCT.

Facet-selective synthesis of cadmium sulfide photocatalysts for high-efficiency CO conversion.

The surface of photocatalysts plays a key role in the adsorption and activation of CO molecules. Establishing the conformational relationship between the crystalline phase of the photocatalysts and the CO reduction reaction (CORR) activity is crucial to understanding the catalytic reaction mechanism. Herein, we synthesized CdS catalysts with different exposed crystalline facets (CdS[100], CdS[001], and CdS[111]) using hydrothermal and water bath methods and evaluated their photocatalytic CORR performances.

HSF-1 Regulates Autophagy to Govern Motor Function and Facilitate Toxic Protein Clearance in a C. elegans Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) plays a crucial role in orchestrating stress responses across diverse organisms and disease conditions. Here, we investigate how the HSF-1 signaling pathway influences the degradation of toxic proteins and neuropathological changes in the Caenorhabditis elegans model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We found that overexpressing HSF-1 improves locomotor ability and increases the survival rate of ALS C.

Application of machine learning based on habitat imaging and vision transformer to predict treatment response of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy: a multi-center study.

Objective: Current medical examinations and biomarkers struggle to assess the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy (nICT) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to develop a machine learning model integrating habitat imaging and deep learning (DL) to predict the treatment response of ESCC patients to nICT.

Methods: The study retrospectively collected 309 ESCC patients from 6 medical centers, divided into training and external validation cohorts.

External radiation spatial distribution and safety assessment of yttrium-90 resin microsphere selective hepatic radioembolisation therapy.

This study investigated the spatial distribution pattern of external radiation dose rates in patients treated with yttrium-90 (Y) resin microspheres and evaluated the potential radiation exposure to other individuals. External radiation dose rates from 15 patients were measured following therapy. A curve fit was performed using MATLAB to verify adherence to the inverse square law.

Distinct effect of partial sleep deprivation associated with gray matter changes in young and old adults.

Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) exerts adverse effects on human brain. However, whether there were distinct effects of partial SD associated with gray matter changes in young and old adults, respectively, remains unclear.

Methods: 42 young adults and 38 old adults were enrolled in this study.