Pooled data from phase 3 clinical trials comparing the clinical activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections.

Background: Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) in combination with metronidazole is an active antimicrobial therapy used to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs).

Methods: A comparison of the clinical efficacy of C/T plus metronidazole vs. meropenem for the treatment of cIAIs using pooled data from four phase 3 clinical studies (CXA-cIAI-10-08, CXA-cIAI-10-09, NCT02739997 and NCT03830333).

Cell fate specification modes shape transcriptome evolution in the highly conserved spiral cleavage.

Early animal development can be remarkably variable, influenced by lineage-specific reproductive strategies and adaptations. Yet, early embryogenesis is also strikingly conserved in certain groups, such as Spiralia. In this clade, a shared cleavage program (i.

Enhancing low-temperature HS sensing performance of SnO quantum wires transition metal doping and oxygen vacancy engineering.

Doping impurity atoms into metal oxide semiconductors plays a crucial role in modulating both their electronic and chemical properties at active sites. Tin oxide (SnO) quantum wires (QWs), with their large surface area and numerous exposed active sites, have shown significant potential as sensing materials for gas sensors. However, challenges such as unsatisfactory selectivity and detection limits (LODs) still hinder their performance.

Wearable HS Sensors with Enhanced Humidity Tolerance: Microcrumpled SnO Quantum-Wire Films for Real-Time Room-Temperature Gas Monitoring.

The detection of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in humid environments remains a significant challenge, particularly in wearable gas sensors where humidity, mechanical flexibility, and power consumption are critical constraints. In this study, we introduce a stretchable, humidity-resistant HS sensor based on microcrumpled SnO quantum-wire films, designed for efficient gas detection at room temperature with low-power consumption. The sensor's architecture enhances gas adsorption by increasing the active surface area while minimizing water accumulation through surface energy modulation.

Capsid structure of phage SPO1 reveals novel minor capsid proteins and insights into capsid stabilization.

SPO1-related bacteriophages are promising candidates for phage therapy. We present the 3.0 Å cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the SPO1 capsid with a triangulation number T = 16, enabling the construction of an atomic model comprising the major capsid protein and three types of minor capsid proteins: gp29.

Pharmacological Insights and Therapeutic Applications of Leonurus in Neurological Disorders.

Leonurus has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, particularly for its therapeutic effects in gynecological disorders and its ability to promote blood circulation. Leonurus contains a variety of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, which demonstrate significant pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Additionally, combining Leonurus with conventional pharmaceutical treatments may produce synergistic effects, enhancing therapeutic outcomes.

The Level of Psychological Distress Is Associated With Circadian Rhythm, Sleep Quality, and Inflammatory Markers in Adolescent and Young Adults With Gynecological Cancer.

Background: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer commonly experience psychological distress, with female patients experiencing higher levels of psychological distress.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among circadian rhythm, sleep quality, inflammatory markers, and psychological distress in AYA patients with gynecological cancer in China.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 75 AYA patients in treatment for gynecological cancer, 64 of whom completed the Chinese version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and the Distress Thermometer.

Tuning Gas Sensing Properties through Metal-Nanocluster Functionalization of 3D SnO Nanotube Arrays for Selective Gas Detection.

The demand for highly sensitive and selective gas sensors for the detection of target gases in complex environments is rapidly increasing. In this study, we present a novel approach utilizing atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology to fabricate gas sensors based on metal-nanocluster functionalized 3D SnO nanotube arrays. Pd/Au-nanocluster-sensitized SnO sensors exhibit high sensitivity to formaldehyde, toluene, and acetone at room temperature, with detection limits of 1.

Development of a Three-Dimensional Nanostructure SnO-Based Gas Sensor for Room-Temperature Hydrogen Detection.

The development of gas sensors with high sensitivity and low operating temperatures is essential for practical applications in environmental monitoring and industrial safety. SnO-based gas sensors, despite their widespread use, often suffer from high working temperatures and limited sensitivity to H gas, which presents significant challenges for their performance and application. This study addresses these issues by introducing a novel SnO-based sensor featuring a three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure, designed to enhance sensitivity and allow for room-temperature operation.

Fingertip-chip sensor based on Pd nanocluster sensitized 3D NiO nanotube arrays for real-time, selective methane detection.

The selective detection of methane (CH) at trace levels is essential for applications such as mining safety and natural gas leak detection. However, achieving high selectivity and sensitivity remains a significant challenge due to interference from gases like hydrogen sulfide (HS) and carbon monoxide (CO). In this study, we present a novel fingertip-chip sensor that combines palladium (Pd) nanoclusters with three-dimensional (3D) nickel oxide (NiO) nanotube arrays for highly selective and sensitive CH detection.

Dynamic Changes of Latency Perception Threshold in Virtual Reality: Behavioral and EEG Evidence.

Virtual Reality (VR) technologies in fields such as telehealth, teleconferencing, and virtual education are significantly affected by end-to-end latency, which notably impacts users' interactive experience and performance. Previous research suggests that a perceptual threshold may exist-once latency is reduced below a certain level, users no longer perceive it, and their interactive performance remains largely unaffected. However, there is no consensus on the exact value of this absolute latency perception threshold.

Extracellular vesicles: the "Trojan Horse" within breast cancer host microenvironments.

Breast cancer represents a significant global health concern among women. The intricate processes and pathways underlying metastasis contribute to the challenging prognoses experienced by some patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound structures characterized by phospholipid bilayers, capable of secretion by a multitude of cell types.

Boosting electrochemical coupling of N reduction and biomass oxidation via COF-derived N,P,S-multicoordinated porous carbon with Pt active centers.

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) is a sustainable pathway for ammonia synthesis, yet it faces challenges in selectivity and efficiency. Herein, we report a catalyst characterized by the uniform anchoring of Pt single-atom centers within a nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and carbon (NPSC) multiligand framework, thereby maximizing the advantages of the Pt noble metal and significantly enhancing the eNRR performance. In this catalyst, sulfur-modulated anchoring of the Pt center induces ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT), primarily leveraging the strong interaction between the Pt 4f band and the S 2p orbitals to activate and protonate N effectively.

A temperature-driven DNA discrimination strategy to distinguish E. coli DNA and phage 5hmC-modified DNA.

The arms race between phages and bacteria is dynamic and ongoing, with both continuously acquiring new strategies to outcompete each other during co-evolution. Here, we report bacteriophage T4 exonuclease DexA and an uncharacterized Escherichia coli exonuclease as a rare pair of attack and defense duo arising from the same mechanism. DexA, highly conserved among phages, has two well-characterized biological roles: host DNA scavenging and intron homing.

Preoperative prediction of malignant transformation in sinonasal inverted papilloma: a novel MRI-based deep learning approach.

Objective: To develop a novel MRI-based deep learning (DL) diagnostic model, utilizing multicenter large-sample data, for the preoperative differentiation of sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) from SIP-transformed squamous cell carcinoma (SIP-SCC).

Methods: This study included 568 patients from four centers with confirmed SIP (n = 421) and SIP-SCC (n = 147). Deep learning models were built using T1WI, T2WI, and CE-T1WI.

AI designed, mutation resistant broad neutralizing antibodies against multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains.

In this study, we developed a digital twin for SARS-CoV-2 by integrating diverse data and metadata with multiple data types and processing strategies, including machine learning, natural language processing, protein structural modeling, and protein sequence language modeling. This approach enabled us to computationally design neutralizing antibodies against over 1300 historical strains of SARS-CoV-2, encompassing 64 mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) region. 70 AI-designed antibodies were experimentally validated through binding assay and real viral neutralization assays against various strains, including later Omicron strains do not present in the initial design database.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of the gene family in sorghum under salt-alkali stress.

Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs) are crucial for plant growth and development. Utilizing whole genome data, this study delineated the number of genes, gene structure, chromosomal localization, protein structure, evolutionary relationships, and Gene Ontology (GO) annotations of the family in sorghum ( L.).

A 3D bioprinted gelatin/quaternized chitosan/decellularized extracellular matrix based hybrid bionic scaffold with multifunctionality for infected full-thickness skin wound healing.

Skin wound repair, a highly integrated and overlapping process, is susceptible to infection, hyperoxia and excessive inflammation, which can delay wound healing or even lead to chronic wounds. In this study, a GQL/dGQue bilayered multifunctional scaffold, epidermis composed of gelatin (G), quaternized chitosan (Q) and lignin (L), and dermis composed of skin-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (d), gelatin and quercetin (Que), with bionic skin structure, was constructed by 3D bioprinting technology. The results showed that lignin effectively improved the mechanical properties (Young's modulus above 90 MPa) and regulated the appropriate degradation (about 84 % for 15 d) of the scaffold, as well as endowed it with good UV shielding properties.

Attention mechanism-based multi-parametric MRI ensemble model for predicting tumor budding grade in rectal cancer patients.

Purpose: To develop and validate a deep learning-based feature ensemble model using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting tumor budding (TB) grading in patients with rectal cancer (RC).

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 458 patients with pathologically confirmed rectal cancer (RC) from three institutions was included. Among them, 355 patients from Center 1 were divided into two groups at a 7:3 ratio: the training cohort (n = 248) and the internal validation cohort (n = 107).

Development and validation of MRI-derived deep learning score for non-invasive prediction of PD-L1 expression and prognostic stratification in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and PD-L1 combined positivity score (CPS) scoring is recommended as a biomarker for immunotherapy. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an MRI-based deep learning score (DLS) to non-invasively assess PD-L1 expression status in HNSCC patients and evaluate its potential effeciency in predicting prognostic stratification following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).

Methods: In this study, we collected data from four patient cohorts comprising a total of 610 HNSCC patients from two separate institutions.

In vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against ESBL-producing enterobacterales in China: SMART 2016-2019.

Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales isolates to ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), a combination of tazobactam (a ß-lactamase inhibitor) and a new antipseudomonal cephalosporin.

Methods: From 2016 to 2019, susceptibilities of 10,545 Enterobacterales isolated from intra-abdominal, urinary tract, respiratory tract and bloodstream infections to C/T and 11 other antimicrobial agents were analyzed. Non-ESBL-producing isolates were included for comparative analysis to provide a comprehensive susceptibility profile.

Toxic effects of microplastics (polyethylene) exposure on acetylcholinesterase, stress indicators and immunity in Korean Bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco.

Microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments can have toxic effects on various organisms, including fish. This study exposed Pseudobagrus fulvidraco to polyethylene MPs at 0, 10 mg/L (approximately 9.50 ×10 particles/L), 20 mg/L (approximately 1.

Visceral adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles promote stress susceptibility in obese mice via miR-140-5p.

Obesity increases the risk of depression. Evidence shows that peripheral inflammation, glycemic dysregulation, and hyperactivity within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are implicated in both obesity and depression. In this study we investigated the impact of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), a crucial characteristic of obesity, on stress susceptibility in obese mice.