Combined effects of ambient air pollution exposure and biological aging on incident liver diseases: A large prospective cohort study.

Both ambient air pollution exposure and biological aging are associated with incident liver diseases, but previous studies mainly focused on single-factor associations. This study aimed to assess the combined effects of air pollutants exposure and biological aging on liver diseases incidence and investigate the potential mediating role of biological aging. We analyzed 418,576 UK Biobank participants.

Therapeutic Targets and Immune Mechanisms of Yinghuang Decoction in Sepsis: Integrating Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetic Approaches.

Background: Yinghuang Decoction is an herbal formula that is used for the treatment of sepsis. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking methods to explore the potential mechanism of Yinghuang Decoction against sepsis.

Methods: The active ingredients, target genes, and sepsis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired from the public database.

Effective of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on body composition, glycolipid metabolism, and cardiopulmonary function in patients with pre-diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.

Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on body composition, cardiovascular function, glycolipid metabolism, and cardiopulmonary function in patients with pre-diabetes.

Methods: Seventy-one participants were randomly assigned to the HIIT (10 × 1-min at 75%-90% HR, intersperse with 1-min active recovery at 50% HR) or MICT (50 min at 55%-70% HR) for a 12-week (three times per week) program. The outcome measured was the change in body composition, cardiovascular index, glycolipid metabolism, and cardiopulmonary.

Lesser-known non-apoptotic programmed cell death in viral infections.

Non-apoptotic programmed cell death (NAPCD) represents a diverse set of cell death mechanisms that differ from classical apoptosis and have recently gained attention in the context of viral infections. This review focuses on four key NAPCD types, including ferroptosis, cuproptosis, NETosis (neutrophil extracellular trap formation), and PANoptosis (a combination of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis), and summarizes their distinct molecular pathways and roles during viral infections. We emphasize their functional relevance in SARS-CoV-2 infection, revealing how they significantly impact viral replication, host immune responses, and tissue damage.

Insights into the interaction of tris (2,4-di-tert-butyl phenyl) phosphite (I 168) and its metabolites (24DP) with pepsin: Enzyme inhibition, structural impacts, and antioxidant interference.

This study investigated the interactions between pepsin (PEP) and the organophosphite antioxidant Irgafos 168 (I 168), its metabolite 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (24DP), focusing on structural, functional, and antioxidant implications. UV-Vis absorption spectra, fluorescence lifetimes and Stern-Volmer quenching analyses show that I 168/24DP statically bursts PEP with high binding affinity. Thermodynamic parameters, molecular docking analyses and molecular dynamics simulations (e.

Population-based colorectal cancer risk prediction using a SHAP-enhanced LightGBM model.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly frequent cancer worldwide, and early detection and risk stratification playing a critical role in reducing both incidence and mortality. we aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model using clinical data to improve CRC identification and prognostic evaluation.

Methods: We analyzed multicenter datasets comprising 676 CRC patients and 410 controls from Guigang City People's Hospital (2020-2024) for model training/internal validation, with 463 patients from Laibin City People's Hospital for external validation.

Antioxidant Activity of Kuan Polysaccharides and Their Modulatory Effects on the Gut Microbiota of .

Polysaccharides isolated from Kuan (RCP) are key bioactive components with immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Their efficacy varies according to their geographic origin and processing methods. However, the systemic anti-aging mechanisms and antioxidant efficacy of RCP have not yet been comprehensively characterized.

A bioinspired double-confining strategy enables highly practical target gas detection promoted solvated ion transport.

Electronic signal transmission-based gas sensing materials have been facing the technical bottlenecks of high operating temperature, high power consumption, and adverse humidity interference. In contrast, ionic signal transmission-based human olfaction efficiently functions in complex environmental conditions, which inspires the proposal of a unique gas sensing strategy. Herein, a bionic olfactory film is designed through confining ionic liquids (ILs) (, [Bmim][TfN]) within both graphene oxide (GO) nanochannels and sub-nanometer volumes of a polymer matrix.

IPSC-induced podocytes from a BORS patient with EYA1 gene mutation showed glucocorticoid-resistant and cytoskeletal rearrangement.

The primary cause of branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BORS) is mutations in the EYA1 gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics associated with induced podocyte reappearance in children with BORS and EYA1 mutations. We collected clinical and genetic data from a 4-year-old girl diagnosed with BORS and her family.

Exploring the anti-inflammatory mechanism of geniposide in rheumatoid arthritis via network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects millions worldwide, characterized by joint pain, swelling, and functional impairment. Current treatments like Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and biologics, have limitations including side effects and resistance problems, which create a need for new therapeutic strategies. This study aims to explore the potential therapeutic role and mechanisms of Geniposide (GE), a natural compound extracted from Gardenia jasminoides, in RA treatment.

Changes in serotype distribution and antimicrobial nonsusceptibility of among hospitalized children: Shenzhen, China, 2009-2019.

Background: This study assessed changes in Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution and antimicrobial nonsusceptibility among hospitalized children with pneumonia in Shenzhen, China, from 2009 to 2019, under low pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) coverage.

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed 1,361 isolates (62 invasive, 1,299 noninvasive). Serotypes were identified by latex agglutination and Quellung reaction.

Enhancing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival in China through the 5-minute social rescue circle implementation.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival in China remains critically low due to limited bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, insufficient automated external defibrillator (AED) deployment, and delayed community rescue responses. This study quantitatively assessed the impact of the intervention and the 5-minute social rescue circle (5MSRC) on OHCA outcomes in Baoan District, Shenzhen, China.

Methods: We employed a patient-centered approach to integrate three datasets from Baoan, Shenzhen from March 2019 to September 2024: (a) 3586 OHCA cases; (b) 332,507 CPR-trained residents; (c) 4,707 AED deployments.

The Relationship Between Lower-Limb Asymmetry and Speed-Climbing Time: The Role of Muscle Thickness and Neural Activation.

Purpose: This study investigated lower-limb asymmetry in speed climbers and its relationship with climbing time while exploring the underlying mechanisms through muscle-thickness and activation.

Methods: Nineteen speed climbers completed muscle-thickness measurements, single-leg countermovement-jump tests, and speed-climbing tests. Muscle thickness was assessed using ultrasound, single-leg countermovement-jump tests were performed on a force platform, and climbing tests were conducted on a standardized climbing wall.

Gut Microbiota-Targeted Therapeutics for Metabolic Disorders: Mechanistic Insights into the Synergy of Probiotic-Fermented Herbal Bioactives.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is intricately linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperlipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), particularly when combined with probiotic fermentation, offers a promising therapeutic strategy by modulating microbial balance and host metabolism. This narrative review synthesizes current research on probiotic-fermented herbal bioactives, focusing on their mechanisms in ameliorating metabolic diseases.

Evaluation of Large-Scale Plasma Proteomics for Prediction of Heart Failure in Individuals with A Full Range of Glucose Metabolism Profiles.

Aims: Individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism are at a significantly higher risk of developing heart failure (HF). However, strategies for early identification of HF in this high-risk population remain inadequate. This study aimed to identify plasma protein biomarkers associated with HF development and construct predictive models to identify at-risk individuals.

Boosting electrochemical coupling of N reduction and biomass oxidation via COF-derived N,P,S-multicoordinated porous carbon with Pt active centers.

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) is a sustainable pathway for ammonia synthesis, yet it faces challenges in selectivity and efficiency. Herein, we report a catalyst characterized by the uniform anchoring of Pt single-atom centers within a nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and carbon (NPSC) multiligand framework, thereby maximizing the advantages of the Pt noble metal and significantly enhancing the eNRR performance. In this catalyst, sulfur-modulated anchoring of the Pt center induces ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT), primarily leveraging the strong interaction between the Pt 4f band and the S 2p orbitals to activate and protonate N effectively.

Evaluation of early donor renal function recovery after living-donor nephrectomy as a predictor of allograft failure after kidney transplantation: a longitudinal cohort and machine learning study.

Background: Kidney transplant recipients continue to face a significant long-term risk of death-censored allograft failure (DCGF). We aimed to evaluate early donor renal function recovery following living-donor nephrectomy and investigate their relationship with long-term allograft outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal cohort and machine learning study by including consecutive living-donor kidney transplantations between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2022 from West China Hospital.

Integration of chromatographic fractionation, quantitative H NMR and serially coupled achiral-chiral LC-MS/MS enables multi-components-targeted determination of Salvia miltiorrhiza in an authentic compound-independent manner.

Multi-components-targeted determination serves as the workhorse for quality evaluation of herbal medicines (HMs). However, this pipeline is extensively hampered by the lack of authentic compounds. Here, our efforts were devoted to circumventing this barrier by incorporating chromatographic fractionation that is exactly advantageous at chromatographing HMs extract into relatively simple mixtures and quantitative H NMR (qH-NMR) that enables direct determination of the content features in the resultant mixtures.

[The Association of Polymorphisms Drug Metabolism and Transport of Imatinib Related Gene with Severe Hematology Adverse Effects in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients].

Objective: To screen the genetic risk factors related to severe hematology adverse effects (AEs) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with imatinib (IM), and explore the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IM drug metabolism and transport pathway gene polymorphism with the risk of severe hematology AEs.

Methods: 172 newly diagnosed Chinese Han patients in CML chronic phase (CML-CP) treated with IM were included and divided into severe hematology AEs group and non-severe hematology AEs group. The demographic characteristics and laboratory test results were compared between the two groups.

25(OH)D3 and F-25(OH)D as indicators of chronic kidney disease progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency has been associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), but its exact role in patients with RA and CKD remains unclear. This cross-sectional study explored the relationship of 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, and Free 25(OH)D [F-25(OH)D] with CKD progression in patients with RA. Patients with RA (n = 1514) were enrolled and divided into the mild, moderate, and severe CKD groups.

Neuroprotective Effect of a Novel Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activator Runcaciguat in Diabetic and Ischemic Retinopathy.

Unlabelled: Oxidative stress has a major pathogenic role in diabetic retinopathy (DR), and neuroretina dysfunction is recognized as an early and important problem. Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) has been implicated for its neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system, but its role in the retina remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated in healthy human and rodent retinas the expression of sGC subunits GUCY1A1 and GUCY1B1 in vascular cells and neuronal elements, including retinal ganglion, bipolar, and amacrine cells.

Efficient removal of cadmium (II) and arsenic (III) from water by nano-zero-valent iron modified biochar-zeolite composite.

For the removal of Cd(II) and As(III) from water, this study synthesized a nano-zero-valent iron-loaded biochar-zeolite composite material (nZVI-BCZo) using a liquid-phase reduction method, with biochar, zeolite, and FeSO₄·7H₂O as precursors. The successful incorporation of nZVI onto the BCZo was verified through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, which revealed significant modifications in the surface oxygen-containing functional groups. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption characteristics and performance of nZVI-BCZo for Cd(II) and As(III).

Directed evolution of hydroxylase XcP4H for enhanced 5-HTP production in engineered probiotics to treat depression.

Depression exhibits a complex and multifaceted pathophysiology, accompanied by high rates of relapse and disability with current medication treatments. 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is a promising candidate for depression therapy, but its poor pharmacokinetics hinders its clinical application. To address this limitation, we introduced the hydroxylase XcP4H into Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) to biosynthesize 5-HTP in vivo.

Mapping of a Quantitative Trait Locus for Stay-Green Trait in Common Wheat.

The stay-green (SG) trait enhances photosynthetic activity during the late grain-filling period, benefiting grain yield under drought and heat stresses. CH7034 is a wheat breeding line with SG. To clarify the SG loci carried by CH7034 and obtain linked molecular markers, in this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between CH7034 and non-SG SY95-71 was genotyped using the Wheat17K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, and a high-density genetic map covering 21 chromosomes and consisting of 2159 SNP markers was constructed.