CPK12 decodes effector-triggered calcium signaling and phosphorylates PIP2;1 to facilitate apoplastic ROS transport into the cytoplasm in Arabidopsis.

Effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in plants is mediated by intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs), which converge on calcium (Ca) signaling pathways. However, how NLR-induced Ca signals initiate downstream immune responses, such as enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, remains largely unclear. In this study, we identified a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) that regulates sustained ETI-ROS signaling.

Cell fate specification modes shape transcriptome evolution in the highly conserved spiral cleavage.

Early animal development can be remarkably variable, influenced by lineage-specific reproductive strategies and adaptations. Yet, early embryogenesis is also strikingly conserved in certain groups, such as Spiralia. In this clade, a shared cleavage program (i.

Room-Temperature Ferroelectricity in Ultra-Thin p-Type BiCuSeO Films.

Atomically thin 2D layered ferroelectric semiconductors, where polarization switching transpires within the channel material itself, are pivotal to advancing the next generation of high-performance electronics. Nevertheless, the challenge remains in either the controllable synthesis of films or the manipulation of associated ferroelectricity. Here, 2D p-type BiCuSeO (BCSO) films with a thickness down to ≈3 nm are successfully synthesized using molecular beam epitaxy.

Efficacy and Safety of a Probiotic Mixture Containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LRa05 in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota may contribute to ADHD pathogenesis and that microbiota modulation could improve its symptoms. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a probiotic mixture containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.

Emergency one-stage endoscopic treatment in the older adults with acute cholangitis with choledocholithiasis: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Purpose: Current opinions on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) safety in older patients are contentious. This study aimed to assess emergency one-stage endoscopic treatment for choledocholithiasis-related cholangitis in older adults.

Methods: Patients with choledocholithiasis related cholangitis from January 2019 to July 2023 were recruited.

Spino-Pelvic Alignment and Surgical Outcomes in Chinese Elderly With Lumbar Stenosis Syndrome: A Prospective Study.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically identify and quantify the acceptable spino-pelvic parameters for Chinese elderly patients with lumbar stenosis syndrome (LSS) following surgical treatment.

Method: A prospective study of 165 LSS cases from July 2018 to June 2020 evaluated spino-pelvic alignment using PI, LL, PT, and SVA, categorized by SRS-Schwab classification. Quality of life was assessed via the Oswestry disability index (ODI), and parameter thresholds were determined by AICc and ROC analysis.

circHMGCS1 Promotes the Progression of NSCLC by Regulating the HuR/SFPQ/TNF Pathway.

Among lung cancers, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type. Evidence demonstrates that abnormal expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is associated with cancer progression through interactions with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Therefore, further elucidation of the role of circular RNAs may provide new therapeutic targets for NSCLC patients.

Manufacturing Process Analysis and Tea Chemical Component Characterization on Ann Tea Quality Formation.

Ann tea is a traditional Chinese dark tea produced in Anhui Province, and it is beloved by consumers for its pleasant flavor and health attribute. Here, the detailed manufacturing process was investigated, and samples from key processing steps were chemical characterized. During the manufacturing process, about 15% of catechins and monosaccharide were significantly reduced and transformed to polymers, such as theanine-glucose, procyanidin dimer, and theasinensins.

Phenotypic heterogeneity in adenomyosis: internal and external subtypes.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the clinical characteristics and risk factors between intrinsic and extrinsic adenomyosis (AM), as well as the differences in their perioperative management and findings in the two subtypes.

Methods: This observational study included women who were diagnosed with either intrinsic or extrinsic AM based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and who underwent a hysterectomy with a subsequent pathological examination. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, treatment outcomes and associated factors were evaluated.

Immunogenicity, biodistribution, and toxicology evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ag85a plasmid DNA in cynomolgus monkeys, mice and guinea pigs.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) Ag85A has become a component of multiple new tuberculosis vaccines. It is necessary to evaluate the immunogenicity, biological distribution, and safety of ag85a plasmid DNA (pDNA) to lay the foundation for the design of new vaccines.

Method: Chronic toxicity test: cynomolgus monkeys were injected intramuscularly with different doses of ag85a pDNA, and the vaccine absorption kinetics, tissue distribution, and toxicity were observed.

m6A mRNA methylation initiated by METTL14 promotes STK11 translation and increases STK11 activity to induce anti-HER2 therapy resistance in breast cancer.

Resistance to HER2-targeted therapies presents a major challenge in the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a critical role in tumor progression; however, its role in mediating resistance to anti-HER2 therapy remains poorly defined. In trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer tissues, METTL14 expression is significantly upregulated and correlates with poor trastuzumab response.

A 20-year research trend analysis of the artificial intelligence on scoliosis using bibliometric methods.

Background: This bibliometric analysis aimed to map the knowledge network of artificial intelligence in scoliosis.

Methods: Studies on artificial intelligence published from January 2003 to December 2024 are retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The contributions of countries, institutions, authors, and journals are identified using VOSviewer, Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology (http://biblimetric.

ZnO Quantum Dots@CsPbBr Poly-Heterocrystalline Film Enables High-Performance Floating-Gate Transistor Arrays for Edge Computing.

Nonvolatile optoelectronic synapses motivated by the human eye can effectively function as convolutional kernels to preprocess images, demonstrating significant promise for edge computing. Among the optoelectronic synapses, the floating-gate photosensitive transistor (FG-PT) is particularly noteworthy due to its rapid response speed and excellent retention. Although some FG-PTs are reported, they still suffer from high operating voltages, low conductance ratios, and difficulties in array preparation.

MythPose: Enhanced Detection of Complex Poses in Thangka Figures.

Thangka is a unique form of painting in Tibet, which holds rich cultural significance and artistic value. In Thangkas, in addition to the standard human form, there are also figures with multiple limbs. Existing human pose estimation methods are not well suited for keypoint detection of figures in Thangka paintings.

Synergistic Neuroprotection of Artesunate and Tetramethylpyrazine in Ischemic Stroke, Mechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Preservation.

Artesunate (AS) and tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) have been proven to have therapeutic potential in ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, their synergistic treatment mechanisms and effectiveness remain unclear. A rat MCAO model was induced, and AS, combined with TMP, was administered intranasally to rats once a day for 3 days.

High-Throughput Microfluidic Electroporation (HTME): A Scalable, 384-Well Platform for Multiplexed Cell Engineering.

Electroporation-mediated gene delivery is a cornerstone of synthetic biology, offering several advantages over other methods: higher efficiencies, broader applicability, and simpler sample preparation. Yet, electroporation protocols are often challenging to integrate into highly multiplexed workflows, owing to limitations in their scalability and tunability. These challenges ultimately increase the time and cost per transformation.

Identification of Two Critical Contact Residues in a Pathogenic Epitope from Tetranectin for Monoclonal Antibody Binding and Preparation of Single-Chain Variable Fragments.

Sepsis is a fetal disease that requires a clear diagnostic biomarker for timely antibiotic treatment. Recent research has identified a pyroptosis-inducing epitope known as P5-5 in tetranectin (TN), a plasma protein produced by monocytes. Previously, we produced a 12F1 monoclonal antibody against the P5-5 and discovered that it could not only diagnose the presence but also monitor the progress of sepsis in the clinic.

A capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of mosquito salivary protein-specific immunoglobulin E.

Mosquito saliva contains numerous distinct mosquito salivary proteins (MSPs) that mediate mosquito-host interactions. Repeated mosquito exposure can trigger allergic reactions, with MSP-specific IgE playing a central role. Current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting methods for detecting MSP-specific IgE suffer from interference by much more abundant MSP-specific IgG, leading to low sensitivity.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy via Sacral Ala-Transverse Process Approach for the Treatment of Far Lateral Disc Herniation at L5/S1:A technical note and case series.

Study Design: Technical note BACKGROUND: Far lateral L5/S1 disc herniations are challenging due to the high iliac crest and enlarged L5 transverse process blocking the transforaminal corridor. This study introduces a percutaneous endoscopic discectomy via sacral ala-transverse process approach to overcome these challenges while preserving spinal stability.

Methods: Patients with far lateral L5/S1 disc herniations underwent percutaneous endoscopic discectomy through sacral ala-transverse process approach under fluoroscopic guidance.

Prospects, Advances, and Applications of BioMOF-Based Platforms.

Bio-metal-organic frameworks (bio-MOFs) have emerged as a revolutionary group of hybrid materials distinguished by their exceptional biocompatibility, programmable biodegradability, and host-guest molecular recognition capabilities. This review systematically examines recent advancements in bio-MOF engineering, with particular focus on the innovative synthesis strategies and the structure-property relationships arising from their tunable pore architectures and surface functionalities. The mechanistic foundations of bio-MOFs in targeted drug delivery systems, contrast-enhanced bioimaging, and multifunctional therapeutic interventions combining anti-inflammatory and antibacterial actions are discussed in detail.

Research progress of mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases.

mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases prevent diseases by stimulating the body to produce specific immune responses through mRNA molecules encoding pathogenic proteins. Compared to traditional vaccines (e.g.

The impact of halo-pelvic traction on deformity correction and bone mineral density in patients with severe spine deformity.

Background: Severe spinal deformities require surgical intervention, with preoperative traction commonly used to improve spinal flexibility and surgical safety. However, the impact of traction on bone mineral density (BMD) and its relationship with correction outcomes remains poorly understood.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients with severe spinal deformities who underwent halo-pelvic traction before surgical correction.

Perilla essential oil: a natural antimicrobial agent against Listeria monocytogenes.

Background: Foodborne infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes are increasing. Chemical antimicrobials are the primary control measure in the food industry; however, prolonged use of these agents may pose health risks, highlighting the need for natural antimicrobial alternatives. Perilla essential oil (PEO) has shown potential as a natural antibacterial agent but its efficacy against L.

Palmitoylation in cardiometabolic diseases: From molecular mechanisms to clinical implications.

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), encompassing both cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndromes, are among the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Protein S-palmitoylation, a reversible lipid-based post-translational modification, has emerged as a crucial regulator of cellular function and homeostasis. Palmitoylation is catalysed by palmitoyl transferases (PATs), also known as ZDHHC (zinc finger Asp-His-His-Cys) proteins, while a series of deacylases mediate the process of depalmitoylation.

Scutellarin inhibits ferroptosis by promoting cellular antioxidant capacity through regulating Nrf2 signaling.

Ferroptosis is a lytic form of regulated cell death that is driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and has been implicated in various diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Scutellarin is a flavonoid isolated from (Vant.) Hand.