AI-integrated IQPD framework of quality prediction and diagnostics in small-sample multi-unit pharmaceutical manufacturing: Advancing from experience-driven to data-driven manufacturing.

The pharmaceutical industry faces challenges in quality digitization for complex multi-stage processes, especially in small-sample systems. Here, an intelligent quality prediction and diagnostic (IQPD) framework was developed and applied to Tong Ren Tang's Niuhuang Qingxin Pills, utilizing four years of data collected from four production units, covering the entire process from raw materials to finished products. In this framework, a novel path-enhanced double ensemble quality prediction model (PeDGAT) is proposed, which combines a graph attention network and path information to encode inter-unit long-range and sequential dependencies.

Development of a transtheoretical model for the prevention and treatment of skin disease through ultraviolet protection based on 14,681 samples of outpatient clinics and a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Little is known about the association between types of skin and subcutaneous diseases and UV protection literacy.

Objective: To assess the burden and treatment of skin diseases in Ninger County, Yunnan Province, and establish a transtheoretical model for optimizing public perceptions and behaviors regarding UV radiation.

Methods: Electronic medical records of outpatients from the dermatology department were collected from January 2022 to July 2024, and a self-administered questionnaire assessed the public knowledge about UV exposure risks and behaviors.

Determination of the Population Frequency of Monoallelic and Biallelic Predicted Pathogenic RPE65 Variants in a Normal Database.

Purpose: The RPE65-associated retinopathies include biallelic Leber congenital amaurosis 2 and severe early childhood-onset RP, and monoallelic RP with choroidal involvement. The population frequencies of these diseases have previously only been estimated from epidemiological studies, but are deduced here from the number of predicted pathogenic heterozygous or carrier variants in a normal cohort using bioinformatic analyses.

Methods: RPE65 variants were downloaded from gnomAD v4.

Phenotypic heterogeneity in adenomyosis: internal and external subtypes.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the clinical characteristics and risk factors between intrinsic and extrinsic adenomyosis (AM), as well as the differences in their perioperative management and findings in the two subtypes.

Methods: This observational study included women who were diagnosed with either intrinsic or extrinsic AM based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and who underwent a hysterectomy with a subsequent pathological examination. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, treatment outcomes and associated factors were evaluated.

Co-Delivery of Multiple RNAs via Lipid Nanoparticles Enables Precise Gene Editing of CAR-T Cells.

Over the past decade, CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in treating hematological malignancies. However, traditional CAR-T cell engineering employs viral vectors, which has several limitations. Additionally, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, particularly mediated by the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, significantly restricts CAR-T cell efficacy.

Cepharanthine Enhances MHC-I Antigen Presentation and Anti-Tumor Immunity in Melanoma via Autophagy Inhibition.

Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)-mediated antigen presentation plays a pivotal role in anti-tumor immunity by enabling CD8 T cells to recognize and eliminate malignant cells. In melanoma, modulation of this pathway is critical for improving the efficacy of immunotherapies. Our study demonstrates that the natural compound Cepharanthine (CEP) exhibits notable antitumor activity by enhancing MHC-I-mediated antigen presentation.

Evaluation of prolonged use of topical glaucoma medications on gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy outcomes in juvenile open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of prolonged use of topical glaucoma medications on the surgical outcomes of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) in juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG).

Patients And Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 100 eyes of 77 JOAG patients who underwent GATT with at least 12 months of follow-up. Patients were categorized into the short-duration (≤ 1.

Recent advances in polyoxometalate-based catalysts for light-driven valorization of biomass derivatives.

Photocatalytic organic transformation has been emerging as a promising approach for achieving value-added conversion of biomass derivatives due to its environmentally benign nature and high efficiency. Polyoxometalates (POMs), a class of atomically precise cluster catalysts with rich redox capabilities, reversible electron/proton-storing abilities, and intriguing physicochemical properties, have demonstrated significant potential in the photocatalytic valorization of biomass derivatives. This Frontier article briefly summarizes recent advances in POM-based photocatalytic systems for biomass valorization, with particular focus on two key aspects: (1) POMs as photocatalysts to drive photocatalytic reactions and (2) POMs as cocatalysts in synergistic photocatalytic systems.

Intensification of interfacial enzymatic reactions in oil-water systems using slug flow in adaptive microfluidic channels.

Lipase is a type of hydrolase that catalyzes reactions at the water-in-oil (O/W) interface and possesses significant applied value across various fields. This study introduces integrated reaction-separation system employing microfluidic slug in a water-in-oil (W/O) droplet flow, specifically designed to enhance lipase-catalyzed interfacial lipid hydrolysis. By incorporating spiral microchannels, the system significantly improves interfacial mass transfer through slug flow-induced mixing and turbulence.

Optimal Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water for Preventing Dental Fluorosis and Caries in 8-12-Year-Old Children in Qingdao, China: A Restricted Cubic Spline and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis Following Rural Safe Drinking Water Interventions in Endemic Fluorosis Region.

Maintaining optimal fluoride levels in drinking water is crucial for balancing dental caries prevention and fluorosis risk in children. This cross-sectional study investigated 12,163 children aged 8-12 years across 934 villages in Qingdao, China, following water safety interventions in an endemic fluorosis regions. Water fluoride concentrations were measured via spectrophotometry, while dental examinations assessed fluorosis (Dean's classification) and caries (DMFT index).

Electrical-gain-assisted circularly polarized photodetection based on chiral plasmonic metamaterials.

Circularly polarized light (CPL) detectors based on chiral organic materials or inorganic structures hold great potential for highly integrated on-chip applications; however, these devices usually have to seek an optimal balance among the asymmetry factor (g), responsivity (R), and stability. Here, we aim to break such a limitation by combining chiral inorganic plasmonic metamaterials with electrical gain, by which one can enhance both g and R while simultaneously securing the stability. We demonstrate a CPL detector based on "S"-shaped chiral Ag nanowires/InAs/Si heterostructures, where the meticulous construction of the "S"-shaped chiral Ag nanowires with the overlaying InAs channel enables a substantial absorption asymmetry in InAs due to differentiated localized surface plasmon resonances excited by left- and right-circularly polarized (LCP and RCP) light.

SRSF9 Forms Phase-separated Condensates to Promote Ovarian Cancer Progression by Inducing RNA Alternative Splicing that is Inhibited by m6A Modification.

Deregulation of RNA alternative splicing and modification can play an important role in tumor initiation and progression. Elucidation of the interplay between alternative splicing and modifications of RNA could provide important insights into cancer biology. Here, we showed that serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 (SRSF9) recognized non-N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified NUMB mRNA and induced an oncogenic isoform switch in ovarian cancer (OC).

Comparison of the effectiveness of immersive and non-immersive virtual reality in the treatment of vertigo in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Vertigo is the most common clinical manifestation in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction (PVD), and severe episodes may be accompanied by nystagmus, tinnitus, and hearing loss, which can seriously affect quality of life. Virtual reality (VR) technologies (immersive or non-immersive) play an important role in improving vertigo in patients with PVD, but the comparative effectiveness of VR technologies with different levels of immersion is unknown.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of VR technology at different immersion levels in reducing vertigo symptoms in patients with PVD.

A noninvasive model for chronic kidney disease screening and common pathological type identification from retinal images.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge, but invasive renal biopsies, the gold standard for diagnosis and prognosis, are often clinically constrained. To address this, we developed the kidney intelligent diagnosis system (KIDS), a noninvasive model for renal biopsy prediction using 13,144 retinal images from 6773 participants. The KIDS achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.

Limited capacity for the visual working memory-driven access to visual awareness.

Previous studies have shown that sensory information matching the content of visual working memory (VWM) gains prioritized access into awareness. While these studies primarily focused on a single stimulus, it remains unclear whether the prioritization persists when multiple items are memorized. Using a breaking continuous flash suppression paradigm, the current study systematically investigated the time taken to detect a suppressed stimulus when two items were maintained in VWM.

IGF2BP2 binding to CPSF6 facilitates m6A-mediated alternative polyadenylation of PUM2 and promotes malignant progression in ovarian cancer.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and alternative polyadenylation (APA) are common posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms in eukaryotes. However, the m6A-dependent mechanism of APA regulation in ovarian cancer (OC) is still unclear.

Methods: The correlation between m6A and APA was analyzed by using RNA methylation sequencing of OC cells and single-cell sequencing of clinical samples from public databases.

Multidimensional normative ratings for the body emotional stimulus set in Bochum Emotional Stimulus Set in Chinese samples.

The body serves as a vital medium for emotional expression. In this study, we aimed to extend the Bochum Emotional Stimulus Set (BESST), which comprises 565 body pictures depicting expressions of neutral emotions and six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, anger, disgust, and surprise). This study included two tasks.

A Superatomic {Ag} Cluster Induced by Asymmetric Mixed-Addendum Polyoxometalate.

Polyoxometalate (POM)-encapsulated Ag nanoclusters have attracted increasing research interest due to their intriguing structural diversities and synergistic catalytic properties; however, the types of POM ligands are limited to the multidentate lacunary or ring-shaped POMs. Herein, we develop an asymmetric POM-induced synthetic strategy to synthesize a superatomic {Ag} cluster encapsulated by six redox-active mixed-addendum ligands, (CHN)NaH[NaAg(PWNbO)]·36CHCN (). The oriented aggregation of Ag ions is attributed to the unevenly distributed electron density over the asymmetric mixed-addendum ligands.

A Multicenter Retrospective Study Predicting Early Noninvasive Ventilation Failure in Patients With Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure.

Background: Volume OXygenation (VOX) index has good efficacy in predicting the failure of high-flow nasal cannula therapy. However, its predictive value for treatment failure in patients receiving noninvasive ventilation (NIV) remains uncertain.

Methods: Patients who underwent early NIV treatment were grouped based on their 2-h NIV VOX Youden index.

PDGF-D Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Glioma Cells Through the NF-κB/NOTCH1 Pathway.

Background: Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) is expressed at high levels in various tumors and is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the malignant behavior of cancer cells. However, its role in glioma progression and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: We used data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas to evaluate the correlation among PDGF-D expression, tumor grade, and phenotype of glioma.

Association between early intubation and mortality in patients at high risk for noninvasive ventilation failure: a propensity-matched cohort study.

Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is frequently employed for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, yet optimal intubation timing for high-risk NIV failure patients remains uncertain.

Objectives: To investigate mortality outcomes associated with early versus late intubation in high-risk NIV failure patients.

Design: Secondary analysis of a multicenter observational cohort study.

A case report and literature review on new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus leading to thrombocytopenia in a hemodialysis patient.

Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that affects various organs. Disease activity in SLE may diminish following the initiation of dialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Patient Concern: We report the case of a 69-year-old female patient with a prior diagnosis of IgA nephropathy who developed SLE characterized by severe thrombocytopenia after hemodialysis.

Pathogenesis and treatment strategies of sepsis-induced myocardial injury: modern and traditional medical perspectives.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Myocardial injury is a common complication in sepsis patients, which accelerates the progression of sepsis, leading to multiple organ dysfunction and poor prognosis. However, there are still many uncertainties about the characteristics, pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis of sepsis-induced myocardial injury.

Pleiotropic role of TLR2-mediated signaling in the protection of psoralidin against sepsis-induced acute lung injury.

Background: Sepsis, a life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome arising from dysregulated host response to pathogenic invasion, often leads to progressive multi-organ dysfunction, wherein acute lung injury typically precedes the onset of extrapulmonary organ failures. Psoralidin (PSO), extracted from Psoralea corylifolia L. seeds, possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory activity, antibacterial efficacy, and antioxidant capacity.

Co-delivery of IL-12 mRNA and small-molecule prodrug with lung-tropic lipid nanoparticles for synergistic cancer therapy.

Despite the remarkable success of mRNA vaccines, extrahepatic tissue-specific delivery of therapeutic mRNAs remains challenging. Here, we report a lung-tropic lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) platform that is rationally engineered for simultaneously co-delivering interleukin-12 (IL-12) mRNA and docetaxel prodrug to address the lung metastatic issue. By optimizing a panel of synthetic cationic lipids, we identified N112 as the optimal cationic lipid, with N112-DOTAP LNP formulation demonstrating moderately enhanced transfection efficiency in lung tissue compared to the benchmark MC3-DOTAP LNP.