Intensification of interfacial enzymatic reactions in oil-water systems using slug flow in adaptive microfluidic channels.

Lipase is a type of hydrolase that catalyzes reactions at the water-in-oil (O/W) interface and possesses significant applied value across various fields. This study introduces integrated reaction-separation system employing microfluidic slug in a water-in-oil (W/O) droplet flow, specifically designed to enhance lipase-catalyzed interfacial lipid hydrolysis. By incorporating spiral microchannels, the system significantly improves interfacial mass transfer through slug flow-induced mixing and turbulence.

Population pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin and dosage optimization in sepsis patients based on continuous renal replacement therapy.

Purpose: It is well known that pharmacokinetics (PK) of drugs is significantly altered in sepsis patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). However, clinical studies investigating the PK of drugs administered during CRRT are limited, and appropriate dosing regimens have not yet to be definitively established. The study aimed to develop a population PK model for teicoplanin, explore significant covariates regarding to teicoplanin PK, and propose optimal dosage strategies for sepsis patients.

Intravenous Tenecteplase before Thrombectomy in Stroke.

Background: The safety and efficacy of treatment with intravenous tenecteplase before endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion remain uncertain.

Methods: In this open-label trial conducted in China, we randomly assigned patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion who had presented within 4.5 hours after onset and were eligible for thrombolysis to receive either intravenous tenecteplase followed by endovascular thrombectomy or endovascular thrombectomy alone.

Identification of signature of gene expression in biliary atresia using weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common cause of obstructive jaundice during the neonatal period. This study aimed to identify gene expression signature in BA. The datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Decipher New Potential Regulation Mechanism of ACE2 and NPs Signaling Among Heart Failure Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2.

COVID-19 patients with comorbidities such as hypertension or heart failure (HF) are associated with poor clinical outcomes. The cellular distribution of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the critical enzyme for SARS-CoV-2 infection, in the human heart is unknown. We explore the underlying mechanism that leads to increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with cardiovascular diseases and patients of cardiac dysfunction have increased risk of multi-organ injury compared with patients of normal cardiac function.

[Biochemical analysis between common type and critical type of COVID-19 and clinical value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio].

Objective: To identify the key biochemical indicators that affect the clinical type and outcomes of COVID-19 patients and explore the application of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in COVID-19.

Methods: Ninety-three patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted in Ezhou Central Hospital from February to April in 2020 were analyzed. Among them, 43 patients were selected from Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with the diagnosis of critical type of COVID-19, and 50 cases of common type were selected from the Department of Respiratory Medicine.

Preliminary structure and bioactivities of polysaccharide SMWP-U&E isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge Residue.

The fractional polysaccharide SMWP-U&E was isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza residue. SMWP-U&E consists of 91.40% carbohydrates and has an average molecular weight of 5.

Hydrothermal fabrication of sandwich-structured Silver sulfide/ferroferric oxide/silver metavanadate graphene microtube using capillary effect for enhancing photocatalytic degradation and disinfection.

As photocatalyst the low recombination efficiency and efficient utilization of photoelectron-holes are crucial for high photodegradation efficiencies, rapid disinfection in water catalytic purification. Herein, a sandwich-structured Z-scheme Silver sulfide/ferroferric oxide/silver metavanadate graphene microtube composite photocatalyst (AgS/FeO/AgVO@GM) was successfully prepared by a novel strategy using capillary effect combined with hydrothermal method. In this sandwich-structured composite, AgS, FeO and AgVO are anchored in the inner, middle and outer layers of graphene microtube, respectively, which construct a Z-scheme system with spatially separated microtopography.

Application of natural deep eutectic solvents to extract ferulic acid from Hort with microwave assistance.

In this study, a method using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) combined with microwave-assistance extraction (MAE) was researched for the first time to establish an environmentally-friendly method for extracting ferulic acid from Hort. 20 kinds of NADES were initially screened, then response surface methodology was performed to optimize the NADES-MAE extraction of ferulic acid in on the basis of the results of single-factor experiments. The results demonstrated that NADES could provide better extraction yields of ferulic acid than conventional solvents, and the combination of choline chloride and 1,2-propanediol was the most effective.

Enhancement of Solasodine Extracted from Fruits of L. by Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction and Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Solasodine is a major bioactive ingredient in L. that has strong pharmacological characteristics. Therefore, the development of a simple and effective extraction method for obtaining solasodine is highly important.

Fabrication of a three-dimensional porous Z-scheme silver/silver bromide/graphitic carbon nitride@nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic and antibacterial activities.

A novel three-dimensional (3D) porous Z-scheme silver/silver bromide/graphitic carbon nitride@nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel (Ag/AgBr/g-CN@NGA) photocatalyst was successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal and freeze-drying method, and its photocatalytic degradation performance and inactivation effects were also evaluated. The series of characterization results certified that the obtained Ag/AgBr/g-CN@NGA synergistically integrates the structural and functional advantages of the Ag/AgBr species and g-CN into the 3D macroscopic porous nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel (NGA) with high conductivity. Benefiting from a unique composition and structure, the obtained Ag/AgBr/g-CN@NGA exhibited excellent photocatalytic degradation efficiency for methyl orange (MO), approximately 96% after 30 min of visible-light illumination, which was approximately 1.

Processable enzyme-hybrid conductive polymer composites for electrochemical biosensing.

A new approach for the facile fabrication of electrochemical biosensors using a biohybrid conducting polymer was demonstrated using glucose oxidase (GOx) and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as a model. The biohybrid conducting polymer was prepared based on a template-assisted chemical polymerisation leading to the formation of PEDOT microspheres (PEDOT-MSs), followed by in-situ deposition of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and electrostatic immobilisation of glucose oxidase (GOx) to form water processable GOx-PtNPs-PEDOT-MSs. The morphology, chemical composition and electrochemical performance of the GOx-PtNPs-PEDOT-MS-based glucose biosensor were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zeta potential and electrochemical measurements, respectively.

Facile synthesis of hydroxyapatite/yeast biomass composites and their adsorption behaviors for lead (II).

For the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HAp)/yeast biomass composites were successfully synthesized through a facile alkaline ultrasound cavitation method, and used as a novel sorbent for removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solution. The obtained HAp/yeast biomass composites were characterized by various techniques, including SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, FTIR, XPS and fluorescence detection, respectively. It was found that the yeast cells were wrapped by the well-dispersed HAp, and more functional groups (such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino) on yeast surface were exposed.

Microemulsion formulation of Carbendazim and its in vitro antifungal activities evaluation.

The fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is a widespread and destructive plant pathogen with a very broad host range. Although various pathogens, including R. solani, have been traditionally controlled using chemical pesticides, their use faces drawbacks such as environmental pollution, development of pesticide resistance, and other negative effects.

Heterosis in early maize ear inflorescence development: a genome-wide transcription analysis for two maize inbred lines and their hybrid.

Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, contributes to superior agronomic performance of hybrids compared to their inbred parents. Despite its importance, little is known about the genetic and molecular basis of heterosis. Early maize ear inflorescences formation affects grain yield, and are thus an excellent model for molecular mechanisms involved in heterosis.

Whole-genome sequencing of cultivated and wild peppers provides insights into Capsicum domestication and specialization.

As an economic crop, pepper satisfies people's spicy taste and has medicinal uses worldwide. To gain a better understanding of Capsicum evolution, domestication, and specialization, we present here the genome sequence of the cultivated pepper Zunla-1 (C. annuum L.

Genome expression profile analysis of the maize sheath in response to inoculation to R. solani.

Currently, the molecular regulation mechanisms of disease-resistant involved in maize leaf sheaths infected by banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) are poorly known. To gain insight into the transcriptome dynamics that are associated with their disease-resistant, genome-wide gene expression profiling was conducted by Solexa sequencing. More than four million tags were generated from sheath tissues without any leaf or development leaf, including 193,222 and 204,824 clean tags in the two libraries, respectively.

Combined small RNA and degradome sequencing reveals microRNA regulation during immature maize embryo dedifferentiation.

Genetic transformation of maize is highly dependent on the development of embryonic calli from the dedifferentiated immature embryo. To better understand the regulatory mechanism of immature embryo dedifferentiation, we generated four small RNA and degradome libraries from samples representing the major stages of dedifferentiation. More than 186 million raw reads of small RNA and degradome sequence data were generated.

Preparation and characterization of EDTAD-modified magnetic-Fe3O4 chitosan composite: application of comparative adsorption of dye wastewater with magnetic chitosan.

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride (EDTAD)-modified magnetic-Fe3O4 chitosan (EMC), prepared using the cross-link agent glutaraldehyde and chemicals Fe3O4, chitosan, and EDTAD, was used to compare the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) with magnetic chitosan (MC). The composite structure was confirmed by multiple characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration methods. The characterization results suggest that Fe3O4 particles successfully bound on the surface of chitosan, and the EDTAD thoroughly modified the MC.

Facile preparation of high-quality Pt/reduced graphene oxide nanoscrolls for methanol oxidation.

A simple and novel approach for the preparation of a Pt/reduced graphene oxide nanoscroll (Pt/RGOS) nanocatalyst is reported for the first time. The Pt/reduced graphene oxide (Pt/RGO) was fabricated by the co-reduction of GO and Pt salt using ethylene glycol under microwave irradiation, then the Pt/RGOSs were obtained by oxygen implosion in situ rolling up of the Pt/RGO using catalytic decomposition of Pt towards H2O2 under ultrasonication. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the Pt nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on the reduced graphene oxide nanoscrolls with tubular structure, open edges and ends, and tubular diameter ranging from 10 to 100 nm.

Transcriptional responses of maize seedling root to phosphorus starvation.

Maize (Zea mays) is the most widely cultivated crop around the world, however, it is commonly affected by phosphate (Pi) deficiency and the underlying molecular basis of responses mechanism is still unknown. In this study, the transcriptional response of maize roots to Pi starvation at 3 days after the onset of Pi deprivation was assessed. The investigation revealed a total of 283 Pi-responsive genes, of which 199 and 84 genes were found to be either up- or down-regulated respectively, by 2-fold or more.

Development of a difenoconazole/propiconazole microemulsion and its antifungal activities against Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA.

According to its physical and chemical properties, the composition of difenoconazole/propiconazole microemulsion was as follows: xylene as solvent, emulsifier HSH as surfactant and methanol as cosurfactant. The optimal formulation of difenoconazole/propiconazole microemulsion was oil/SAA/water = 1/2/5 (w/w), in which the SAA consisted of emulsifier HSH and methanol with ratio of 3/2 (w/w). The cloud point of difenoconazole/propiconazole microemulsion was 70 degrees C and its effective ingredient content was 2.

Genome expression profile analysis reveals important transcripts in maize roots responding to the stress of heavy metal Pb.

Lead (Pb) has become one of the most abundant heavy metal pollutants of the environment. With its large biomass, maize could be an important object for studying the phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil. In our previous research, we screened 19 inbred lines of maize for Pb concentration, and line 178 was identified to be a hyperaccumulator for Pb in both the roots and aboveground parts.

Difference between Pb and Cd accumulation in 19 elite maize inbred lines and application prospects.

In the last two decades, the accumulation of heavy metal in crop grains has become the study hotspot. In this study, 19 representative elite maize inbred lines and 3 hybrid varieties were investigated at the seedling stage, which can accumulate Pb and Cd in the stems and leaves, respectively. The results demonstrated that significant differences are among inbred lines for accumulation of heavy metals, implying that the Cd accumulation is significant correlation between the male parents and their hybrids and some inbred lines have been selected for cross-breeding with low Pb or Cd accumulation, such as S37, 9782, and ES40; Moreover, some inbred lines could be suitable for phytoremediation species for soil bioremediation with high levels of Pb and Cd accumulation, including 178, R08, 48-2, and Mo17ht.