Clinical gene therapy restores hearing: a paradigm shift.

Recent breakthroughs in gene therapy for autosomal recessive deafness 9 (DFNB9) caused by OTOF mutations have transformed treatment paradigms for hereditary hearing loss (HHL). To date, eight clinical trials targeting DFNB9 have been registered in 51 centers across eight countries, demonstrating the rapid progress of gene therapy in auditory medicine. These pioneering studies establish the framework for the clinical translation of gene therapy targeting HHL.

FAT-5/SCD5 mediated lipid localization in lysosomes alleviates gamma-radiation injury in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Accidental internal or external exposure to gamma radiation can cause severe injury to the human body. The identification of an effective medication target has become particularly important for the treatment of radiation-induced injury. In this work, Caenorhabditis elegans was found to tolerate high-dose radiation when exposed to an extremely low-temperature environment (at 4°C) for 4 hours before irradiation.

π-Bridge engineering strategy: tailoring S-xanthene dyes with strong absorption for high-efficiency photothermal therapy.

NIR-II probes show great potential for fluorescence imaging (FLI) and therapeutics, where the molar extinction coefficient (MEC), a pivotal optical parameter, governs their imaging quality and therapeutic efficacy. Nevertheless, engineering NIR-II probes with ultrahigh MEC remains a formidable challenge, limiting their biomedical applications. In this work, we designed a superior NIR-II D-π-A-π-D probe, SCU-SX-T, which features an S-xanthene core as the conjugate acceptor, a diphenylamine (DPA) rotor, and π-bridge that induces bathochromic shifts in absorption/emission spectra while enhancing molecular rigidity and planarity.

Reproducible single-cell annotation of programs underlying T cell subsets, activation states and functions.

T cells recognize antigens and induce specialized gene expression programs (GEPs), enabling functions like proliferation, cytotoxicity and cytokine production. Traditionally, different T cell classes are thought to exhibit mutually exclusive responses, including T1, T2 and T17 programs. However, single-cell RNA sequencing has revealed a continuum of T cell states without clearly distinct subsets, necessitating new analytical frameworks.

A stepwise ionic liquid extraction method for plant leaf protein extraction.

Background: Protein extraction from plant leaves is a key step in plant proteomics analysis. However, traditional methods often face challenges, including low efficiency, incomplete protein coverage, and environmental concerns. These limitations highlight the need for developing more efficient and environmentally friendly extraction techniques.

Efficacy and safety of different doses of dexmedetomidine on gastrointestinal function recovery after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Background: Postoperative gastrointestinal recovery affects hospital stay time and patient's quality of life. Studies suggest that the use of dexmedetomidine during the perioperative period can promote post operational recovery of gastrointestinal function.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different doses of dexmedetomidine on postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Immunological dynamics in orthotopic versus subcutaneous murine models of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer.

The necessity of reliable preclinical models for evaluating the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies is imperative. Nevertheless, the degree to which tumor-bearing murine models represent the immunological characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has largely been unexplored. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing technology, our research elucidated that subcutaneous (SC) murine models more accurately reflect the early immunogenic phase of human HPV-positive OPSCC, marked by a stage-dependent increase in effector T cell infiltration.

[Expert consensus on prognostic evaluation of cochlear implantation in hereditary hearing loss].

Hearing loss is the most prevalent disabling disease. Cochlear implantation（CI） serves as the primary intervention for severe to profound hearing loss. This consensus systematically explores the value of genetic diagnosis in the pre-operative assessment and efficacy prognosis for CI.

The Small Cysteine-Rich Protein of Potato Mop-Top Virus Exhibits Viroporin Activity.

Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) is the causal agent of potato tuber spraing disease, which causes significant economic losses to potato production worldwide. The 3'-proximal end of PMTV genomic RNA3 encodes an 8 kDa cysteine-rich protein (8K) that is not essential for replication and movement but contributes to virus infection and symptom development. Here, we demonstrate that PMTV 8K forms endomembrane multimers, alters the membrane permeability of Escherichia coli, and possesses potassium and proton conductance activity.

Radiographic parameters and feasibility analysis of dual sacral-2 alar-iliac screw fixation using three-dimensional digital technology.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and the trajectories of dual sacral-2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screw fixation with three-dimensional digital technology simulation analysis.

Methods: The pelvic computed tomography scan data of 60 (30 men and 30 women, age: 25-86 years) individuals were selected and reconstructed. The trajectories of dual S2AI screws were plotted using three-dimensional reconstruction software.

Do Prognostic Differences Exist Among High-Risk Mutations? A Comparison of Outcomes Between the C634R and Other C634 Mutations in Hereditary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

The American Thyroid Association has stratified C634 mutations as high risk. The association between C634R mutation and a more aggressive medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) behavior compared with other C634 mutations remains inconclusive, possibly due to the lack of large cohorts and long-term outcome data. This study aimed to evaluate the aggressiveness and long-term outcomes of hereditary MTC in patients with different codon 634 mutations.

Experiences and Needs in the Dietary Management of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Qualitative Study of Patient, Caregiver and Healthcare Professionals' Perspectives.

Dietary management is crucial in the disease management of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is still a lack of research on the genuine experiences and needs of patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals involved in CKD dietary management, especially in the Chinese context. To explore the experiences and needs of Chinese patients with CKD, caregivers, and healthcare professionals regarding dietary management.

Copper-catalysed oxy-alkylation of styrenes enabled by halogen-atom transfer.

Herein, we present a mechanistically distinct approach to the multicomponent difunctionalisation of styrenes with alkyl halides and oxygen by integrating α-aminoalkyl radical-mediated halogen-atom transfer (XAT) with copper catalysis under air-equilibrated conditions. This strategy eliminates the need for external peroxides or photoredox conditions, offering a streamlined and efficient alternative. Mechanism studies uncover a unique role for the copper catalyst: instead of directly activating alkyl halides, inexpensive CuCl oxidizes a tertiary amine to generate an α-aminoalkyl radical, which then drives XAT to release alkyl radicals.

Ocular surface homeostasis instability in acoustic neuroma: corneal nerve density reduction and blink reflex abnormalities.

Purpose: To assess the condition of the ocular surface and electrophysiology in patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma.

Methods: For this prospective case-control observational study, twenty-nine patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma and eleven healthy individuals were included. All participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic assessment, including assessment of corneal sensitivity, morphologic examination of cornea nerves using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and electrophysiology evaluation.

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza after COVID-19 pandemic in Zhejiang province, China.

Background: To analyse the epidemiological characteristics and variation trend of influenza in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2023, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of influenza after COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Throat swab samples of influenza-like illness (ILI) cases from 16 local sentinel hospitals were collected every week, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect and identify the specific types of influenza viruses. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyse the surveillance data from sentinel hospitals and network laboratories.

cAMP-induced Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y16 alleviates postharvest sour rot of grapes and the potential action mechanisms.

Sour rot caused by Aspergillus carbonarius is a common postharvest disease of grapes, which leads to the declined fruit quality and serious economic losses of grape industry. In this study, we investigated the control effectiveness of Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y16 induced by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) against postharvest sour rot of grapes, and explored the potential action mechanisms. The outcomes presented that S.

Clinical application and research progress of platelet-rich plasma.

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the extensive application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a novel autologous cell therapy across various clinical disciplines in recent years.

Method: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from 2009 to 2024, resulting in the identification of 153 research articles. The inclusion criteria were focused on studies that reported on the molecular mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy.

Ginsenoside Rb1 carbon nanodots: A green and promising nanomedicine for effective gastric cancer treatment.

This study synthesized bioactive carbon nanodots (Rb1-CDs) from ginsenoside Rb1 via hydrothermal processing. The Rb1-CDs demonstrated a uniform size distribution (5.3 ± 1.

FDA-DETR: A frequency-aware DETR with dynamic query and adaptive multi-task optimization for oriented small object detection.

Oriented small object detection remains a challenging problem in computer vision, largely due to the weak feature representation and high computational cost of existing detection Transformer (DETR)-based detectors. To address these issues, this work presents Frequency Domain Awareness Detection Transformer (FDA-DETR), an end-to-end framework that enhances both accuracy and efficiency for oriented small object detection. The core of FDA-DETR lies in its multi-scale frequency domain enhancement, which amplifies high-frequency details crucial for small object discrimination.

Stereo-seq V2: Spatial mapping of total RNA on FFPE sections with high resolution.

Performing total RNA profiling on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, the predominant sample conservation method in clinical practice, remains challenging for current spatial transcriptomics techniques. Here, we introduce Stereo-seq V2, which employs random primers to capture and sequence RNAs in situ on FFPE sections and provides single-cell resolution. The random-priming-based strategy offers unbiased transcript capturing and uniform gene body coverage, which increase the sensitivity to marker genes, the efficiency of non-polyadenylation (poly(A)) RNA profiling, and immune repertoire coverage.

Polyurethane Elastomers with Mechanochromic and Self-Healing Functions for Strain Sensor.

Polyurethane is formed by the reaction of a polyol and an isocyanate by covalent bonds, which have been rapidly developing due to their good processability and mechanical properties. However, polyurethane is subject to micro-damage due to external stresses during service, which can lead to rapid performance failure. Currently, the nondestructive assessment methods generally require complex and expensive equipment.

Genetically predicted optimal mediator models for oxidative stress, immunity and intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: The influence of oxidative stress (OS) and cellular traits on ICH onset remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the mediating role of cellular traits between OS biomarkers and ICH using multiple Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.

Methods: We included summarized data from seven sources to select 19 OS biomarkers, including trace elements, metabolites, proteins, functional composite structures, and 24-hour dietary quantification.

Role of Long Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetases in MASH-driven Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ferroptosis.

Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis-driven hepatocellular carcinoma (MASH-HCC) incidence is rapidly rising worldwide. Lipid metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of solid tumors to satisfy cancer high metabolic demand. However, it may confer sensitivity to ferroptosis, a cell death mode driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.

Long-term efficacy of EBV-specific T cells for EBV-PTLD after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a real word study.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-PTLD) remains a life-threatening complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), especially in rituximab-refractory cases. Adoptive transfer of EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (EBV-CTLs) offers a promising strategy to restore antiviral immunity, but long-term efficacy data, particularly in haploidentical transplant recipients, remain limited.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 41 haploidentical HSCT recipients diagnosed with EBV-PTLD and received donor-derived EBV-CTLs.