Associations between triglyceride-glucose index and glaucoma risk in hypertensive adults: Evidence from a nationally representative cohort.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its obesity-related derivatives have emerged as surrogate markers for metabolic dysfunction. This study aimed to explore their associations with glaucoma in hypertensive adults in the U.S.

Comparative analysis of endplate volumetric bone mineral density and endplate vertebral bone quality for predicting cage subsidence in lateral lumbar interbody fusion.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the predictive efficacy of quantitative CT (QCT)-based endplate volumetric bone mineral density (EP-vBMD) and MRI-based endplate vertebral bone quality (EBQ) score for cage subsidence (CS) after lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent single-level LLIF in conjunction with pedicle screw fixation at the authors' institution between January 2019 and April 2023. The volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) was measured based on preoperative CT using phantom-less QCT software.

Fatal Umbilical Cord Hemorrhage Triggering Neonatal Demise: Clinicopathological Insights from the Case Analysis.

Background: Umbilical cord hemorrhage (UCH) is a rare but catastrophic obstetric emergency associated with nearly 50% fetal mortality, and its precise pathogenic mechanisms remain elusive in clinical practice. The pathophysiological cascade involves hemorrhagic expansion from ruptured umbilical vessels predominantly the umbilical vein which generates compressive forces on adjacent umbilical arteries within the constrained Wharton's jelly. This acute vascular compromise precipitates the sudden cessation of fetoplacental circulation, culminating in irreversible hypoxic-ischemic injury.

Multisystem fatal metastasis of large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) masquerading as acute cerebral infarction: A case report.

Rationale: Large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) is a rare undifferentiated malignant epithelial tumor of the lung. The diagnostic complexity of LCLC stems from its pronounced histological heterogeneity and diverse clinical presentation, particularly when extrapulmonary manifestations constitute the initial disease presentation, complicating early detection.

Patient Concerns: A 58-year-old smoker presented with acute-onset dizziness, lethargy, and communication difficulties lasting 1 day.

Radiographic parameters and feasibility analysis of dual sacral-2 alar-iliac screw fixation using three-dimensional digital technology.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and the trajectories of dual sacral-2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screw fixation with three-dimensional digital technology simulation analysis.

Methods: The pelvic computed tomography scan data of 60 (30 men and 30 women, age: 25-86 years) individuals were selected and reconstructed. The trajectories of dual S2AI screws were plotted using three-dimensional reconstruction software.

Associations between metabolic traits and gout risk.

Gout is an inflammatory condition primarily driven by elevated serum urate levels, with metabolic factors playing key roles. Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to assess the causal impact of 249 specific metabolic traits on gout risk. We used data from the UK Biobank as exposures and conducted a MR analysis with gout as the outcome of a large-scale association study.

Guideline-directed medical therapy and in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients with advanced renal dysfunction: analysis of two nationwide retrospective cohort studies.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to verify whether guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT, ie, the combined use of β-blocker, ACE inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, dual antiplatelet drugs and statin) could improve in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with advanced renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

The role of angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor in moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (ARNI-MIMIC): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Debates have been existed regarding the treatment of moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). While it might have priority on reducing the risk of recurrent IMR, studies showed that concomitant mitral valve repair increases the risk of adverse outcomes, such as neurological events, as well as the in-hospital costs. In recent studies, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) was discovered to have potential benefit in reducing the severity of IMR.

Development and validation of a capture sequencing panel containing 9000 SNPs for inferring distant relatives in East Asian populations.

Inferring distant relatives has long presented a significant challenge in forensic science. Recently, forensic researchers have increasingly focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as a potent tool for this purpose. In this study, we developed and validated a capture sequencing panel comprising 9000 SNPs specifically aimed at inferring distant relatives within East Asian populations.

Molecular-Level Control of Exciton and Nonlinear Optical Properties in 1D Hybrid Antimony Halides via Cation Steric Design.

Hybrid antimony halides with one-dimensional (1D) architectures have gained increasing attention due to their structural tunability and versatile optoelectronic properties. In this study, six 1D organic-inorganic metal halides (OIMHs), including (CHN)SbX and (CHN)SbX (X = Cl, Br, I), were synthesized using two structurally related organic cations: 1-methyl-4-(methylamino)piperidine (CHN) and 4-(methylamino)piperidine dihydrochloride (CHClN). Comparative analysis reveals that the introduction of a methyl group significantly alters the steric environment and electronic structure, leading to reduced octahedral distortion and modified hydrogen bonding interactions.

Reduced expression of PDZK1 mediates fibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis via EGFR phosphorylation in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Aims: To clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying PDZK1-mediated regulation of cardiac fibroblast (CF) activation and cardiac fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Materials And Methods: DCM models were constructed using db/db mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and C57BL/6 mice induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) combined with HFD. PDZK1 expression in myocardial tissues was detected via molecular assays; cardiac function was evaluated using echocardiography, and cardiac fibrosis was assessed by histopathological staining.

Membrane sensitization biosensor based on magnetic inducing for Tau protein detection.

Surface stress-based biosensors exhibit excellent performance in detecting high concentrations of biomolecules; however, their sensitivity at low concentrations is often limited by insufficient deformation caused by weak binding-induced signals. To overcome this limitation, we propose an actively driven biosensor based on a multilayered heterogeneous magnetic film (PDMS/NiFe/FeMn), which achieves synergistic amplification of surface stress and geometric deformation under magnetic field modulation, thereby breaking through the sensitivity bottleneck of conventional designs. The sensor architecture leverages the high magnetic permeability of NiFe and the magnetostrictive effect of FeMn to construct a magneto-mechanical coupling interface: the NiFe layer efficiently transduces magnetic field energy, while the FeMn layer actively deforms to amplify the surface stress generated by target binding (Tau protein).

Roles of TEAD Transcription Factors and their Coactivators in the Progression and Metastasis of Cancers.

The transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) family of transcription factors and their coactivators play pivotal roles in the Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway, a critical regulatory axis involved in oncogenesis and tumor progression. To investigate the functional interactions of TEAD transcription factors, we performed comprehensive analyses of gene regulatory networks associated with TEADs. TEADs regulate oncogenesis and tumor progression through interactions with upstream oncogenic signaling pathways and the regulation of downstream target genes.

Achieving coherent perfect absorber or laser effects on the identical side of asymmetric metasurfaces.

Coherent perfect absorber (CPA) and laser points are special spectral singularities where zero and infinitely large eigenvalues exist, respectively. The singularities have mainly been realized on the opposite surfaces (upper and lower sides) of the multilayer structures. Here, we demonstrate CPA and laser points separately on the identical side of a proposed bilayer metasurface.

Barcoded Orthotopic Patient-Derived Head & Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model Demonstrating Clonal Stability and Maintenance of Cancer Driver Mutational Landscape.

Objective: To illustrate a new barcoded orthotopic patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model where one can investigate phenotypic effects of single-cell level gene manipulation in a pooled format. To address some concerns of current PDX mouse models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): (1) genomic evolution with passage by generating high-purity cancer cells, which can also be utilized for other downstream applications, including cell culture-based studies, and (2) cost-effectiveness of current PDX models.

Methods: Two-millimeter tumor cubes from nine patients were implanted into immunodeficient mouse flanks subcutaneously.

Optical multi-wavelength selectors based on distributed feedback chirped grating in arrays of graphene.

We utilized the forward transmission matrix method (FTMM) to theoretically examine the transmission and reflection characteristics of distributed feedback chirped grating structures based on graphene arrays. These chirped gratings are formed by embedding single-layer graphene sheets in a bulk substrate in a non-periodic arrangement, with a consistent difference in the spatial period between adjacent graphene sheets. The entire system exhibits central symmetry.

SeCoV2: Semantic Connectivity-driven Pseudo-Labeling for Robust Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentation.

Pseudo-labeling is a dominant strategy for cross-domain semantic segmentation (CDSS), yet its effectiveness is limited by fragmented and noisy pixel-level predictions under severe domain shifts. To address this, we propose a semantic connectivity-driven pseudo-labeling framework, SeCo, which constructs and refines pseudo-labels at the connectivity level by aggregating high-confidence pixels into coherent semantic regions. The framework includes two key components: Pixel Semantic Aggregation (PSA), which leverages a dual prompting strategy to preserve category-specific granularity, and Semantic Connectivity Correction with Loss Distribution (SCC-LD), which filters noisy regions based on early-loss statistics.

Intra-Arterial Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Transcatheter Thrombolysis in Post-Transplant Hepatic Artery Thrombosis: A Preliminary Study.

BACKGROUND Hepatic artery thrombosis is the most common and severe vascular complication after liver transplantations. Transcatheter arterial thrombolysis is a viable alternative with high selectivity, low drug dosage, high local drug concentration, and minimal effect on systemic coagulation function. Intra-arterial contrast-enhanced ultrasound (IA-CEUS) is radiation-free and repeatable, can be performed bedside, and could be an alternative for continuous monitoring.

Functional analysis of a UDP-glucosyltransferase gene contributing to biosynthesis of the flavonol triglycoside in tea plants.

Flavonol glycosides have many prominent benefits to human health and significant contributions to the growth and development of tea plant as well as the color and taste of tea infusion. In this study, a gene isolated from tea plant was found to encode a 52.2-kDa protein located on the plasma membrane and in the cytoplasm with activity of flavonol glycosyltransferase (CsFGT).

High-throughput sequencing-based study on bacterial community structure and functional prediction of fermented bean curd from different regions in China.

In order to understand the bacterial community structure, microbial safety, and functional diversity of traditional fermented food-sufu (fermented bean curd) in China, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to systematically analyze the bacterial community composition and functional profiles of sufu samples from eight different regions in China (Zunyi, Guizhou; Xiushan, Chongqing; Chengdu, Sichuan; Xinhua, Hunan; Ji'an, Jiangxi; Mouding, Yunnan; Guilin, Guangxi; and Shilin, Kunming). The results revealed that the predominant bacterial phyla in sufu included Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota, with key genera such as Pseudomonas, uncultured Enterobacteriaceae, and Lactococcus. The sample from Ji'an, Jiangxi (JXR5), exhibited the highest bacterial species richness, while the sample from Shilin, Kunming (KMR8), showed the highest species diversity, indicating significant impacts of geographical location and production processes on microbial communities.

Active-site modulation of nickel molybdate for efficient electrocatalytic water splitting.

The development of efficient non-precious electrocatalysts is crucial for the practical application of water splitting. Herein, improving the catalytic active sites of non-precious electrocatalysts for sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is currently urgent to address. In this work, a strategy combining electronic structure modulation with surface reconstruction is proposed to enhance the active sites of nickel molybdate (NiMoO) as an effective electrocatalyst for OER.

An AI-driven machine learning approach identifies risk factors associated with 30-day mortality following total aortic arch replacement combined with stent elephant implantation.

Objectives: During emergency surgery, patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) experience unfavourable outcomes throughout their hospital stay. The combination of total aortic arch replacement (TAR) and frozen elephant trunk (FET) implantation has become a dependable choice for surgical treatment. The objective of this research was to utilize a machine learning technique based on artificial intelligence to detect the factors that increase the risk of mortality within 30 days after surgery in patients who undergo TAR in combination with FET.

Exploring the alterations in microstate dynamics during the migraine cycle and detecting pre-ictal phases.

Background: Microstate analysis captures brief but critical fluctuations in brain activity, making it a powerful tool for exploring the cyclic nature of migraine. In this study, we aimed to investigate microstate features during different migraine phases and develop a classification model to identify the pre-ictal phase.

Methods: From May 2023 to June 2024, we conducted a cross-sectional study with consecutive recruitment, collecting resting-state electroencephalography data from 174 individuals with migraine without aura and 50 healthy controls, followed by classification of migraine phases.

Analysis of age-related survival differences in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients based on real-world data.

Objective: This study investigates survival differences between elderly and younger patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and their relationship with multimodal treatments, aiming to inform clinical decision-making.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 590 patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer between 2018 and 2024. Data included demographics, tumor characteristics, and survival outcomes.

Development and validation of a novel prognostic model to predict 1-year post-transplant mortality for acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure: a nationwide, multicentre, cohort study.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) provides a potential cure for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). We aimed to develop and externally validate a prognostic model to predict 1-year post-LT mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF.

Methods: This retrospective, nationwide, observational cohort study was conducted at ten high-volume LT centres in China.