Discovery of antidepressant active compounds from Polygala tenuifolia Willd.: An integrated multitarget screening strategy combining network pharmacology with cell membrane chromatography coupled to high performance liquid chromatography.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (YZ) is a traditional Chinese herb that is commonly used in the treatment of psycho-emotional disorders and managing depression. However, the complex chemical composition of this herb poses challenges for separating and identifying the constituents, and there have been few investigations on the bioactive compounds.

Compound Eye Structure and Phototactic Dimorphism in the Yunnan Pine Shoot Beetle, (Coleoptera: Scolytinae).

, a notorious forest pest in southwest China, primarily employs infochemicals to coordinate mass attacks that overcome host tree defenses. However, secondary visual cues, particularly detection of host color changes, also aid host location. This study characterized the compound eye structure and vision of using electron microscopy and phototaxis tests.

[Comparison on chemical components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix before and after wine processing by HS-GC-IMS, HS-SPME-GC-MS, and UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS combined with chemometrics].

The study investigated the intrinsic changes in material basis of Angelicae Sinensis Radix during wine processing by headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(HS-GC-IMS), headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS), and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) combined with chemometrics. HS-GC-IMS fingerprints of Angelicae Sinensis Radix before and after wine processing were established to analyze the variation trends of volatile components and characterize volatile small-molecule substances before and after processing. Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed for differentiation and difference analysis.

Assessment of anti-cancer activity of cyclovirobuxine D in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells: Involvement of KIF23-mediated Akt/mTOR pathway.

Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) is a phytochemical ingredient that has potential antitumor effects in several types of cancer. However, its role and action mechanism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are still unclear. The present study found that CVB-D inhibited the viability of NPC cells, as well as induced NPC cell apoptosis.

Application of Individualized Intensive Biofeedback Electrical Stimulation Therapy in the Recovery of Anal Function After Anal Reconstruction: A Case Report.

Introduction And Importance: For patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer (LARC) unresponsive to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, achieving functional sphincter preservation remains a major challenge due to tumor invasiveness and complex anal reconstruction requirements.

Case Presentation: A 67-year-old female with LARC underwent extended radical resection involving anal sphincter/puborectalis muscle excision and partial vaginal wall resection. Anal reconstruction was performed via a free left gracilis myocutaneous flap routed in a "γ-shaped" configuration.

The osteosarcoma immune microenvironment in progression: PLEK as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Introduction: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor with high metastatic potential and poor long-term survival. The tumor immune microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming are increasingly recognized as key drivers of OS progression, yet the molecular links between these systems remain unclear. This study aimed to identify immune-metabolic biomarkers in OS, focusing on pleckstrin (PLEK) as a potential regulatory hub.

Dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography for adrenal adenoma characterization: radiation dose reduction and quantitative agreement of multiphase virtual noncontrast with true noncontrast imaging.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is the preferred imaging modality for evaluating adrenal lesions; however, the associated radiation exposure remains a significant concern. Dual-layer spectral detector CT (SDCT)-derived virtual noncontrast (VNC) images may reduce radiation exposure by eliminating dedicated noncontrast scans, yet their agreement with true noncontrast (TNC) imaging remains debated. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the agreement and image quality of VNC images [reconstructed from the arterial phase (VNCa) and portal venous phase (VNCp)] compared to TNC images in adrenal adenomas stratified by lipid content, and to assess the radiation dose reduction.

A near-infrared responsive photocaged amplified DNA nanodevice for precise and sensitive microRNA imaging.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in early cancer detection, but traditional DNA probes are limited by the low abundance of miRNAs and their "always effective" property. Herein, we construct a photocaged amplified DNA nanodevice (PAD) by attaching DNA probes to upconversion nanoparticles (UCs). Upon remote near-infrared (NIR) light stimulation, the photocleavable DNA probes are activated by emitted UV light, and subsequently triggered by target miRNA.

Exploring the role of VAV2 rare variants in primary open-angle glaucoma: genetic insights and pathophysiological mechanisms.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, primarily due to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). In this study, we reported vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (VAV2) as a POAG-associated gene. Through whole exome sequencing (WES) of 398 Han Chinese POAG patients and 2,010 controls, we discovered nine rare VAV2 variants linked to POAG (P_burden=1.

Barriers to implementing clinical practice guidelines for managing patients with pressure injuries in China: a qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework.

Background: Pressure injuries (PIs) are a common challenge faced by healthcare institutions worldwide. Evidence-based practice is crucial for improving the quality of patient care, but its implementation often faces many difficulties. This study aims to explore the barriers to implementing clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to manage patients with PIs in Chinese tertiary hospitals.

Backdoor samples detection based on perturbation discrepancy consistency in pre-trained language models.

The use of unvetted third-party and internet data renders pre-trained models susceptible to backdoor attacks. Detecting backdoor samples is critical to prevent backdoor activation during inference or injection during training. However, existing detection methods often require the defender to have access to the poisoned models, extra clean samples, or significant computational resources to detect backdoor samples, limiting their practicality.

A Novel Polysilicon-Fill-Strengthened Etch-Through 3D Trench Electrode Detector: Fabrication Methods and Electrical Property Simulations.

Three-dimensional trench electrode silicon detectors play an important role in particle physics research, nuclear radiation detection, and other fields. A novel polysilicon-fill-strengthened etch-through 3D trench electrode detector is proposed to address the shortcomings of traditional 3D trench electrode silicon detectors; for example, the distribution of non-uniform electric fields, asymmetric electric potential, and dead zone. The physical properties of the detector have been extensively and systematically studied.

A hyperbranched polysiloxane with imine bonds: red fluorescence emission with a long fluorescence lifetime at room temperature.

In recent years, due to their excellent biocompatibility and environmental friendliness, non-conjugated AIE polymers have attracted extensive attention. However, problems such as short emission wavelengths and low fluorescence lifetimes have severely limited the applications of these materials. In this paper, a siloxane monomer A1 containing an imine bond was designed and synthesized, and it was used as a raw material to synthesize a hyperbranched polysiloxane P1 with imine bonds and hydroxyl groups at the end of the polymer chain.

Recent Advances in Improving the Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Performance of Atomically Dispersed Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Catalysts.

Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts are regarded as ideal catalytic materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) under alkaline conditions. Compared with other ORR catalysts, M-N-C catalysts exhibit notable advantages, including low cost, high atomic utilization efficiency, and considerable catalytic potential. We provide a systematic review of recent research advances in enhancing the ORR performance of M-N-C catalysts, focusing on catalytic activity and stability.

TLR9/NF-κB-mediated dendritic cell activation by neutrophil extracellular traps drives pathogenesis in experimental cerebral malaria.

Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, and accounts for the majority of malaria-associated mortality. Reducing the overwhelming inflammatory responses in the early stage of infection is a key point to prevent death due to CM. In this study, we found that neutrophil mobilization occurred rapidly in response to Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infection in a murine CM model.

Molecular characterization of a novel narnavirus from the plant-pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Here, we characterized a novel mycovirus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides narnavirus 1 (CgNV1), isolated from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strain T-19, a fungal pathogen responsible for anthracnose in various crops. The CgNV1 genome consists of a 3,628-nucleotide-long positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ ssRNA) with a GC content of 51.93% and has a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of 1,155 amino acids (132.

The TEX44-CPT1B axis regulates mitochondrial sheath assembly and fatty acid oxidation in sperm.

Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is essential for energy production and cellular homeostasis, yet its role in sperm function has remained unclear. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 800 patients with asthenozoospermia, we identified biallelic Testis-Expressed Protein 44 (TEX44) variants in six individuals, all of whom exhibited defective mitochondrial sheath assembly and impaired sperm motility. Using Tex44 knockout mice, we show that TEX44 interacts with carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) to form a mitochondrial glue, anchoring adjacent mitochondria and facilitating the assembly of the sperm-specific mitochondrial sheath.

Inhibition of PRC1 elicits immunogenic cell death by triggering ROS-dependent ER stress in colorectal cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Due to the low response rate and severe side effects, the clinical efficacy of current immunotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unsatisfactory. Induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been evidenced to be conducive to enhancing the survival benefit of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been proven to be a tumor promoter in CRC and an immune marker.

Cathode Engineering Enables Robust Interface Contact for High-Performance All-Sulfide-Based Li-SeS Solid-State Batteries.

All-solid-state Li-sulfur batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems, owing to their high energy density and capability to address the safety concerns and electrochemical stability challenges (e.g., the shuttle effect) inherent to liquid-based batteries.

Soy protein-based films: a review of their preparation, functional properties and challenges.

Food packaging films based on soy proteins have the good biodegradability, sustainability, renewability and environmentally friendly property. Therefore, the development and modification of soy protein-based films (SPBFs) gradually entered people's field of vision, have become the hot topics in the field of food packaging. The addition of polysaccharides, polyphenols, lipids and more suitable production methods are the key factors of modified SPBFs.

Interventions for Improving Coping Strategies in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Physiological, psychological, and social changes may make older adults more vulnerable to stressors and lead to adverse health outcomes. It remains unclear whether interventions targeting coping strategies in older adults are effective.

Aims: This study aimed to systematically review and summarize existing interventions aimed at improving coping strategies in older adults and analyze intervention effectiveness.

Recent advances in polyoxometalate-based catalysts for light-driven valorization of biomass derivatives.

Photocatalytic organic transformation has been emerging as a promising approach for achieving value-added conversion of biomass derivatives due to its environmentally benign nature and high efficiency. Polyoxometalates (POMs), a class of atomically precise cluster catalysts with rich redox capabilities, reversible electron/proton-storing abilities, and intriguing physicochemical properties, have demonstrated significant potential in the photocatalytic valorization of biomass derivatives. This Frontier article briefly summarizes recent advances in POM-based photocatalytic systems for biomass valorization, with particular focus on two key aspects: (1) POMs as photocatalysts to drive photocatalytic reactions and (2) POMs as cocatalysts in synergistic photocatalytic systems.

Embracing chaos: the unpredictability of animated logos shapes users' sustained attention.

Introduction: Animated logos have become a substantial investment in brand marketing, and designers tend to use flashy presentation effects for brand animations. Brands must understand how effectively animated logos capture users' attention in media communication of visual distractions. However, the reasons for the impact on users' sustained attention are not yet clear.

Integrating proton co-storage in iron-based anodes for high-performance nickel-iron batteries.

The growing demand for sustainable energy solutions has intensified the need for efficient, cost-effective, and scalable energy storage technologies. Among candidate systems, nickel‑iron (Ni-Fe) batteries stand out due to their low cost, abundant materials, and inherent safety, offer significant potential for large-scale applications. However, their practical application is hindered by limited energy density and inefficient charge-storage mechanisms.

CT-based sarcopenia is independently associated with blood transfusions after hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) based sarcopenia has been linked to postoperative complications in various surgeries. Although the associations between sarcopenia and femoral neck fractures (FNF) have received considerable attention, the relationship between sarcopenia and blood transfusions after hip arthroplasty in FNF patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CT-based sarcopenia and blood transfusions in elderly FNF patients after hip arthroplasty.