SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein delays cell cycle in S-phase.

The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the causative agent of COVID-19 precipitated a global health crisis of unprecedented scale. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to interfere specifically with S phase progression during early stages of infection. Nucleocapsid (N) is an important structural protein.

A Preliminary Study on an Intelligent Segmentation and Classification Model for Amygdala-Hippocampus MRI Images in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: This study developed a deep learning model for segmenting and classifying the amygdala-hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease (AD), using a large-scale neuroimaging dataset to improve early AD detection and intervention.

Methods: We collected 1000 healthy controls (HC) and 1000 AD patients as internal training data from 15 Chinese medical centers. The independent external validation dataset was sourced from another three centers.

Three-dimensional cell sheet model improves prediction accuracy of osteogenic potential for biodegradable magnesium-based metals.

Biodegradable metals have been increasingly utilized clinically due to their biosafety and pro-osteogenic properties. However, conventional monolayer cell-based preclinical safety evaluation methods based on ISO10993-5 consistently indicate significant cytotoxicity that contradicts outcomes. In this study, we aimed to establish an evaluation model that better correlates with performance.

Engineered crRNA Drives RPA-T7-CRISPR/Cas14a Cascade for Ultrasensitive Detection of ctDNA PIK3CA H1047R.

The early detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) at mutant allele frequencies below 0.1% remains a critical challenge, significantly impeding therapeutic decision-making. To address this limitation, TIDE-Cas14a-an innovative CRISPR/Cas14a-based duplex detection system is developed that integrates recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with T7 exonuclease-mediated strand displacement.

Enhanced VOC Sensing Performance of Double Transition-Metal MXenes via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid.

MXenes are renowned for their exceptional chemical and physical properties, making them highly promising for gas sensing applications. However, instability remains a significant limitation for these materials. Compared with mono-transition-metal (MTM) MXenes, double transition-metal (DTM) MXenes theoretically offer higher stability and functional diversity.

Studies of speckle contrast imaging based on an improved laser speckle imaging method.

Significance: Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is widely used for intraoperative blood flow monitoring, but traditional methods have limitations in imaging low blood flow velocities and small vessels. An improved LSCI method, termed the fluent imaging technique, is proposed to enhance imaging sensitivity and accuracy, providing real-time and high-resolution blood flow assessment for neurosurgical applications.

Aim: We aim to validate the performance of the fluent imaging technique in imaging small vessels with low blood flow velocities and assess its application in cerebrovascular surgical procedures, including carotid artery clamping, reperfusion, and ferric chloride -induced thrombosis.

HO-1 Suppression by Co-Culture-Derived IL-6 Alleviates Ferritinophagy-Dependent Oxidative Stress to Potentiate Myogenic Differentiation.

Fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) support muscle tissue homeostasis, regulate muscle growth, injury repair, and fibrosis, and activate muscle progenitor cell differentiation to promote regeneration. We aimed to investigate the effects of co-culturing FAPs with muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) on myogenic differentiation. Proteomic profiling of co-culture supernatants identified significant DCX, IMP2A, NUDT16L1, SLC38A2, and IL-6 upregulation.

A clinical case analysis of a misdiagnosis as AS, actually DISH: A case report.

Rationale: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) exhibit substantial overlap in clinical symptoms and imaging features, frequently resulting in diagnostic errors. This case study delves into a patient initially misdiagnosed with axSpA but later confirmed to have DISH, aiming to dissect the root causes of misdiagnosis, identify critical diagnostic criteria, and devise strategies to enhance diagnostic accuracy between these 2 conditions.

Patient Concerns: The patient initially presented with chronic axial pain and stiffness, symptoms commonly associated with axSpA, leading to an initial misdiagnosis.

Effects of vacuum exposure on sample stability for mass spectrometry analysis.

Mass spectrometry (MS) often requires vacuum conditions, which, while beneficial for analysis, can unpredictably alter sensitive samples. This study investigates the impact of prolonged vacuum exposure on the consistency and reliability of MS detection of thin films of acetaminophen using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Under vacuum at room temperature, the mass spectrometry signal intensity decreased by approximately 81.

The TEX44-CPT1B axis regulates mitochondrial sheath assembly and fatty acid oxidation in sperm.

Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is essential for energy production and cellular homeostasis, yet its role in sperm function has remained unclear. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 800 patients with asthenozoospermia, we identified biallelic Testis-Expressed Protein 44 (TEX44) variants in six individuals, all of whom exhibited defective mitochondrial sheath assembly and impaired sperm motility. Using Tex44 knockout mice, we show that TEX44 interacts with carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) to form a mitochondrial glue, anchoring adjacent mitochondria and facilitating the assembly of the sperm-specific mitochondrial sheath.

Functional study on the regulation of lignin formation and disease resistance by the CpARF22 gene in Cucurbita pepo L.

The hull-less Cucurbita pepo L., also known as the naked-seeded pumpkin, is a relatively rare natural variant whose seeds closely resemble shelled pumpkin kernels, hence its name. The Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.

Nanoheterointerface Engineering in Hierarchical Porous Alloy/LDH Catalysts for High-Efficiency Li-CO Batteries.

Li-CO batteries face challenges from sluggish CO redox kinetics, causing high polarization, poor reversibility, and low energy efficiency. Herein, an interphasic synergy between two-dimentional MnAl-layer double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets and three-dimentional hierarchical nanoporous (HP)-NiMnAl alloy (HP-NiMnAl alloy∩MnAl-LDH) is reported for facilitating the elelctrochemical recycling reactions of CO. The HP-NiMnAl alloy∩MnAl-LDH, featuring hierarchical pore channels and massive nano-heterointerfaces, is readily assembled by adjusting the corrosion of Al from a Ni-Mn-Al master alloy, accompanied by limited oxidation reactions of low-coordinated Al and Mn atoms.

Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside modulates copper homeostasis through SLC31A1 to mitigate cuproptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Cuproptosis is a type of copper-dependent cell death, yet whether it participates in neuronal death during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI) has not been thoroughly investigated. As one of the characteristic components of Astragali radix, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (CG) exhibits potential pharmacological benefits on CI/RI, but its specific regulatory mechanisms are still insufficiently understood. This study was intended to illustrate the incidence of cuproptosis in CI/RI and to explore the mechanism of CG in mitigating CI/RI.

miRNA-182-5p promotes myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells via the suppression of ZBTB7A.

Introduction: Skeletal muscle possesses a significant regenerative capacity, which is largely mediated by myogenic satellite stem cells. MicroRNAs are known regulators of muscle development. miR-182-5p plays important roles in cell proliferation and migration in various cell types and pathologies.

Galectin-3-integrin α5β1 phase separation disrupted by advanced glycation end-products impairs diabetic wound healing in rodents.

Diabetic foot ulcers are severe diabetic complications, and promoting impaired angiogenesis is essential for wound healing. Pro-angiogenic galectin-3 is elevated in diabetic serum and promotes systemic insulin resistance that may impair wound healing. However, the exact role of galectin-3 in the regulation of diabetic wound healing remains unclear.

Temporal trends in cross-country inequalities of permanent caries burden from 1990 to 2021: a secondary analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.

Objective: To evaluate the changes in cross-national disparities in the burden of Permanent caries (PC) from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We extracted the annual incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs), including their estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs), categorized by year, age, geographical region, and socio-demographic index (SDI) from the Global Burden of Disease 2021. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships among age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, YLDs, and SDI.

Multi-scale feature pyramid network with bidirectional attention for efficient mural image classification.

Mural image recognition plays a critical role in the digital preservation of cultural heritage; however, it faces cross-cultural and multi-period style generalization challenges, compounded by limited sample sizes and intricate details, such as losses caused by natural weathering of mural surfaces and complex artistic patterns.This paper proposes a deep learning model based on DenseNet201-FPN, incorporating a Bidirectional Convolutional Block Attention Module (Bi-CBAM), dynamic focal distillation loss, and convex regularization. First, a lightweight Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) is embedded into DenseNet201 to fuse multi-scale texture features (28 × 28 × 256, 14 × 14 × 512, 7 × 7 × 1024).

Propofol lessens renal ischemia/reperfusion-acute lung injury by preventing mTOR-induced Pyroptosis.

Background And Aims: Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the significant pathophysiological features of renal ischemia/reperfusion (rI/R) and is the chief reason for rI/R-mediated numerous organ failures. Pyroptosis is a lethal pathogenesis of ALI in rI/R, and precise, actual treatments are deficient. While propofol (Pro) has been revealed to have anti-apoptosis and anti-necroptosis properties, it remains uncertain whether it inhibits Pyroptosis to ameliorate rI/R-induced ALI.

Integrated bioprinting of trachea-like structures based on tissue-specific bioink.

Segmental tracheal reconstruction remains clinically challenging due to insufficient blood supply and mechanical instability in current graft materials. Inspired by the natural trachea's alternating cartilage-fiber structure, we developed a 3D-bioprinted chondro-fibrous integrated trachea (CFT) using customized tissue-specific hydrogels modified with glucomannan-peptide copolymer (GM-P). This design mimics the native tissue's layered organization, combining cartilage-like rings (from iPSC-derived chondrocytes) and fibrous connective layers (from fibroblasts) through precise bioprinting.

Ellagic acid-grafted carboxymethyl chitosan/graphene oxide-coated nanofibrous membrane for immunomodulatory periosteal regeneration.

To enhance the clinical value of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) as an osteogenic material, improving its bioactivity and mechanical strength is crucial. Meanwhile, ellagic acid (EA) has strong bioactivities but low bioavailability due to its hydrophobicity. In this study, by introducing EA units into CMCS molecules, a near-infrared (NIR) light-mediated nanofiber membrane based on polycaprolactone (PCL)/EA-CMCS blended nanofibers coated with an EA-CMCS/graphene oxide (GO) layer (PCL/EA-CMCS@EA-CMCS/GO) was designed.

Genome-Wide Characterization of the Phosphofructokinase Gene Family in and Functional Analysis of AtPFK2 in Stress Tolerance.

The phosphofructokinase () gene family plays a pivotal role in glycolysis and energy metabolism in plants. This study aimed to systematically characterize the gene family in at the genome-wide level and to investigate the function of AtPFK2 (ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase 2) in response to salt and drought stress. Through bioinformatics analysis, 11 genes were identified.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines.

Antibiotics are widely used globally, leading to significant environmental issues and food contamination. This has sparked interest in developing methods to detect various antibiotics. In this study, we synthesized blue fluorescent carbon dots (g-CDs) using a microwave heating technique.

Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting Gleason score upgrade in prostate cancer.

Background: The high incidence of Gleason score upgrade (GSU) can lead urologists to underestimate tumor aggressiveness, resulting in suboptimal treatment decisions. This study aimed to develop an interpretable machine learning model to predict the risk of GSU in individuals with prostate cancer (PCa) based on readily available clinical parameters.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) at Shanghai General Hospital and West China Hospital.

A meta-analysis of the effects of proton pump inhibitors on the risk of gastric cancer.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed drugs in clinical practice, mainly for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). With the application of PPIs, doctors have found a variety of adverse reactions related to it, with gastric cancer being the most serious. Our aim is to investigate whether the use of PPIs increases the probability of gastric cancer.

A label-free fluorescence polarization technology for the detection of food additives.

A novel label-free fluorescence polarization (FP) assay utilizing bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) in conjunction with manganese dioxide nanosheets (MnO NS) has been developed for the simultaneous detection of glucose, choline and lactate. This method eliminated the need for antibodies, aptamers, or labeled dyes. The BSA NPs exhibit a weak FP signal, while the MnO NS significantly amplificates the FP signal of the BSA NPs.