Hyperactivity of subicular parvalbumin interneurons drives early amyloid pathology and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease.

Atrophy of the subiculum is the earliest hippocampal anatomical marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is closely associated with early cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanisms driving this vulnerability remain unclear. In this study, using the 5×FAD mouse model, we identified significant amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation in the subiculum during the early stages of AD.

and Endosymbiont in Ticks from Western China.

spp. are widespread in ticks. , the agents of Q fever, is vectored by ticks and is well known for its veterinary and medical importance.

Latent profile analysis of healthcare-related regret coping among Master of Nursing specialist students during clinical internships: A multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Healthcare-related regret (HRR) is frequently encountered by healthcare professionals, even in the early clinical stages. Effective coping strategies are essential for mental well-being, professional performance, and career satisfaction. However, the specific coping mechanisms used by Master of Nursing specialist (MNS) students during clinical internships are not well understood.

Divergent structural and functional brain alterations in HIV-infected patients: a multimodal meta-analysis.

Neuroimaging studies have identified brain structural and functional alterations in HIV-infected patients; however, the results are inconsistent. This study aimed to characterize the effects of HIV infection on regional gray matter volume (GMV) and resting-state brain activity, and to further investigate the relations between abnormalities in these two modalities. We conducted voxel-wise meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and functional studies, respectively, to identify regional GMV and brain activity alterations in HIV-infected patients.

Binding differences of fluxapyroxad with succinate dehydrogenase across species: insights from in silico simulations.

Background: Elucidating the species selectivity mechanism of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitors (SDHIs) is crucial for the discovery novel eco-friendly SDHI fungicides. Fluxapyroxad (FLX), a representative SDHI, was investigated through in silico study to identify species-specific differences in its binding modes with SDH.

Results: SDH structure models of six species were constructed, and the model predicted by Discovery Studio 3.

Machine learning-based transcriptomic analysis identifies candidate genes in sepsis-induced coagulopathy and explores the immunomodulatory potential of baicalein.

Background: Sepsis is a major contributor to high morbidity and mortality, often leading to coagulation disorders (CD) in affected individuals. Baicalein, a natural compound with well-established anti-inflammatory properties, shows promise as a potential treatment for sepsis. However, its molecular mechanisms in sepsis-associated CD remain poorly understood.

NMDAR inhibitor preconditioned mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles enhance post-stroke recovery by targeting excitotoxicity and neuronal regeneration.

Background: Stroke is a leading global cause of disability and mortality, with ischemic stroke triggering NMDAR overactivation and excitotoxic neuronal injury. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells under specific microenvironmental conditions show therapeutic potential for stroke recovery.

Materials And Methods: Photothrombotic stroke was induced in male ICR mice, followed by intravenous administration of EVs from memantine-preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs; M-EV).

Folic Acid Protects Against Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Suppressing Senescence of Lung Epithelial Cells.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a prevalent complication of thoracic tumor radiotherapy, severely compromising treatment efficacy and the patients' quality of life, yet effective prevention or treatment strategies remain elusive. Folic acid (FA), a water-soluble vitamin, plays critical roles in DNA synthesis/repair, cell cycle regulation, epigenetic regulation via methylation, oxidative stress response, and embryonic development. However, its radioprotective role has not been systematically elucidated.

Erythrocyte Membrane-Cloaked and Alendronate-Loaded Hollow Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Synergistic Osteoporosis Therapy via Antioxidant and Targeted Delivery Mechanisms.

Osteoporosis (OP), characterized by reduced bone mass and microstructural deterioration, poses a significant global health burden. Current therapies, such as bisphosphonates (e.g.

CT-based sarcopenia is independently associated with blood transfusions after hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) based sarcopenia has been linked to postoperative complications in various surgeries. Although the associations between sarcopenia and femoral neck fractures (FNF) have received considerable attention, the relationship between sarcopenia and blood transfusions after hip arthroplasty in FNF patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CT-based sarcopenia and blood transfusions in elderly FNF patients after hip arthroplasty.

Menin facilitates the cell proliferation of bladder cancer via modulating the TFAP2C/β-catenin axis.

Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system, with significant morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The gene, encoding the menin protein, plays a regulatory role in several cancers. However, the role played by menin in BLCA remains elusive.

Recent Advances in Flexible and Wearable Gas Sensors Harnessing the Potential of 2D Materials.

In the Internet of Things era, flexible and wearable gas sensors are increasingly vital for real-time monitoring in healthcare, environmental safety, and industrial security. These sensors detect hazardous gases at room temperature and seamlessly integrate with clothing and portable devices. The 2D materials, including transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, graphene and its derivatives, and metal-organic frameworks, stand out due to their exceptional electrical, mechanical, and physicochemical properties, such as large surface areas, high carrier mobility, and intrinsic flexibility.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of C-ring nitro-substituted dehydroabietylamine analogs: in vitro cytotoxicity, DNA affinity, and molecular docking studies.

In pursuit of more effective anticancer treatments, we developed a series of innovative dehydroabietylamine (DHAA) derivatives, with particular emphasis on introducing nitro modifications to the C-ring based on incorporating C-18 Schiff base heterocyclic structures. We evaluated the cytotoxic effects of these compounds in vitro against a panel of human tumor cell lines - MCF-7 (breast cancer), A549 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), and HepG2 (liver cancer) - as well as the non-malignant cell line HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). DHAA derivatives L and L, with C-ring 14-nitro substitution based on C-18 Schiff base heterocyclic modification, showed higher cytotoxic activity against HeLa and A549 cells, respectively, while demonstrating significantly lower cytotoxicity to non-malignant HUVEC cells.

Psoas muscle depletion correlates with poor prognosis and compromised immunity in resectable gastric cancer: A multicenter study.

Sarcopenia, assessed by the psoas muscle index (PMI), is characterized with the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, and has gained growing attentions in the field of cancers. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC), especially in patients received gastrectomy, remains underexplored. This multicenter retrospective study examined 439 patients with resectable GC to assess the prognostic significance of sarcopenia, measured by PMI and PMI change rate (PMICR), while also exploring potential links with tumor immunity.

Neurotransmitters: an emerging target for therapeutic resistance to tumor immune checkpoint inhibitors.

The critical role of neurotransmitters in the resistance to tumor immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is becoming increasingly significant in therapeutic contexts. ICIs work by enhancing antitumor immunity through the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways. However, only 20% of patients experience durable efficacy, and the challenge of drug resistance limits the clinical application of these therapies.

Cruciferous vegetables intake and risk of colon cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis.

Background: Colon cancer (CC) is the third most diagnosed malignancy and second leading cause of cancer mortality globally, with ~ 1.9 million new cases and 903,859 deaths annually (Bray et al. in CA Cancer J Clin 68(6):394-424, 2018).

Prediction of parenchymal hematoma after mechanical thrombectomy by asymmetrical prominent veins: a retrospective cohort study based on susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Background: Asymmetrical prominent veins (APVs) can help predict perfusion deficits and collateral circulation in large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the predictive value of APVs for parenchymal hematoma (PH) following mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

Methods: This study retrospectively included consecutive patients with ischemic stroke due to middle cerebral artery occlusion who underwent MT.

Critical Role of Potential-Driven Charge Effects in Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium Storage.

Sodium (Na) storage in hard carbon (HC) is a fundamental electrochemical process for sodium-ion batteries, where adsorption energy critically influences charge/discharge rates and storage capacity. Accurate prediction of this energy is essential for designing of high-performance HC. Traditional quantum mechanical simulations often neglect charge effects from electrochemical potentials, leading to inaccurate adsorption energies and discrepancies with experiments.

Direction-selective laterodorsal thalamic nucleus encodes optic flow and turning in spatial navigation.

Vision is crucial for efficient navigation, but how the brain transforms visual signals into navigational cues remains unclear. The laterodorsal thalamic nucleus (LD), with strong connections to visual and navigation circuits, is well positioned for this function, yet its role has been largely unexplored. In mice, we found that LD neurons exhibit strong direction selectivity, with a dominant directional preference for contralateral-to-ipsilateral visual motion, mirroring horizontal optic flow during contraversive turning.

Greenness evaluation metric for analytical methods and software.

The focus of green analytical chemistry (GAC) is to minimize the negative impacts of analytical procedures on human safety, human health, and the environment. Several factors, such as the reagents used, sample collection, sample processing, instruments, energy consumed, and the quantities of hazardous materials and waste generated during analytical procedures, need to be considered in the evaluation of the greenness of analytical assays. In this study, we propose a greenness evaluation metric for analytical methods (GEMAM).

Unraveling α-synuclein and amylin co-aggregation: pathological insights and biomarker development for Parkinson's disease.

Patients with diabetes have a higher morbidity in Parkinson's disease (PD) than others, but the mechanism underlying this link remains controversial. The co-aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and amylin has been hypothesized as a key contributor. Molecular interaction analysis and co-immunoprecipitation were conducted to assess the feasibility of co-aggregation.

Discovery of Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Containing a Diphenylacetylene Fragment as Antifungal Agents.

The scaffold hopping strategy of chain extension is widely used in medicines and pesticides, many of which have introduced alkynes to increase rigidity and activity. Therefore, an alkyne molecule is introduced into the biphenyl structure to form alkyne-containing difluoropyrazole derivatives. Most of the compounds had excellent activity in activity tests against .

Regrafting submillimeter-scale ferromagnetic soft continuums.

Submillimeter-scale ferromagnetic soft continuums (FSCs) own innate skills in performing desirable and delicate bending for confined space navigation, especially in biological lumens. However, such tiny structures are difficult to endow with complex designs, thereby challenging to realize more sophisticated functions for various purposes, especially in vivo therapies and manipulations. Inspired by grafting for muscles and plants, we propose submillimeter-scale FSCs that can actively divide into pieces at any region, and conversely, the pieces can actively graft to each other to form the original structure or novel shapes.

A Rare Frameshift Mutation of in Alters Ethylene Biosynthesis and Determines Fruit Morphology in Melon ( L.).

Fruit shape diversity in melon is governed by complex genetic networks, with ethylene biosynthesis playing a pivotal yet poorly characterized role. In this study, we identified a rare CmACS7 double mutant through fine mapping of the locus. Ethylene-mediated ovary growth regulation has been completely lost in the CmACS7 double mutant, driving a transition from elongated to spherical fruit.