and Endosymbiont in Ticks from Western China.

spp. are widespread in ticks. , the agents of Q fever, is vectored by ticks and is well known for its veterinary and medical importance.

Multiplex droplet digital PCR for the detection and quantitation of , , and .

Background: Lower respiratory tract infection is one of the major causes of disease and death worldwide. , , and are important pathogens responsible for lower respiratory tract infection. Here, we established a multiplex droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) method for the simultaneous detection of , and DNA.

A patent review of IDH1 inhibitors (2018-present).

Introduction: isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), a key metabolic enzyme in the cytosol, catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to produce α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and NADPH in the TCA cycle. Pan-cancer studies have demonstrated that IDH1 exhibits a higher mutation frequency and is implicated in a broader range of cancer types, indicating its potential as a promising anti-tumor target.

Areas Covered: We summarized patents from 2018 to the present that identify novel molecules, compounds, formulations, and methods for inhibiting mIDH1.

Two-mode ratiometric electrochemical and turn-on fluorescence strategy for detecting biothiols in serum with all-in-one molecular probe.

Reactive sulfur species (RSS) play crucial roles in human physiology, with biothiols like hydrogen sulfide (HS), cysteine (Cys), and glutathione (GSH) being key regulators of oxidative stress and signal transduction. Here, a dual-mode resorufin-based (Re) small-molecule probe (Re-RSS) with electrochemical and fluorescent properties was developed for biothiol detection. Using a ratiometric electrochemical strategy and a "turn-on" fluorescence method, Re-RSS enabled sensitive quantification of HS, Cys, and GSH.

Host-guest doped organic room temperature phosphorescence with a dual-fused-ring effect for near-infrared multiple-anticounterfeiting applications.

The near-infrared (NIR) emission host-guest doped organic room temperature phosphorescence (ORTP) materials provide significant advantages and application for information anti-counterfeiting applications. The fused-ring structure of guest molecules is considered to be an effective method for redshirting the emission wavelength. Herein, we present a dual-fused-ring (DFR) guest strategy to develop NIR emission host-guest doped ORTP system.

Efficient stabilizing effect of low-dose zein/xanthan gum nanoparticles at the oil-water interface.

The inherent propensity for aggregation necessitates the use of high concentrations of protein-polysaccharide nanoparticles to achieve stable Pickering emulsions. This study employed xanthan gum (XG) to mitigate the pronounced aggregation of zein nanoparticles by structure construction, thereby enhancing the emulsifying efficiency of zein/XG (Z/XG) nanoparticles. The Z/XG nanoparticles displayed significantly enhanced dispersity, with the absolute ζ-potential increasing from 6.

Swine IFN cocktail can reduce mortality and lessen the tissue injury caused by African swine-fever-virus-infected piglets.

African swine fever (ASF), a highly virulent viral infection, poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. Currently, there are no commercially available vaccines against ASF. While the crucial role of interferon (IFN) in combating viral infections is well-established, its impact on the clinical signs and mortality rates of ASF remains unclear.

Nano-sensitizer with self-amplified drug release and hypoxia normalization properties potentiates efficient chemoradiotherapy of pancreatic cancer.

The hypoxic nature of pancreatic cancer, one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, significantly impedes the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy. Although the development of oxygen carriers and hypoxic sensitizers has shown promise in overcoming tumor hypoxia. The heterogeneity of hypoxia-primarily caused by limited oxygen penetration-has posed challenges.

STING Membrane Prevents Post-Surgery Tissue Adhesion and Tumor Recurrence of Colorectal Cancer.

Surgery is the standard treatment regimen for resectable colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is very hard to completely remove all cancer cells in clinical practice, leading to the high recurrence rates of the disease. Moreover, the post-surgery tissue adhesion greatly prevents the possibility of reoperation, significantly limiting the long-term surviving of CRC patients.

Photodynamic Therapy Derived Personalized Whole Cell Tumor Vaccine Prevents Postsurgery Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis.

In order to avoid the time-consuming and laborious identification of tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) during the traditional vaccine fabrication process, a versatile photodynamic therapy (PDT)-based method is developed to construct a whole-tumor antigen tumor vaccine (TV) from surgically resected tumor tissues for personalized immunotherapy. Mucoadhesive nanoparticles containing small-molecular photosensitizer are fabricated and directly co-incubated with suspended tumor cells obtained after cytoreduction surgery. After irradiation with a 405 nm laser, potent immunogenic cell death of cancer cells could be induced.

Effect of Yeast Inoculation on the Bacterial Community Structure in Reduced-Salt Harbin Dry Sausages: A Perspective of Fungi-Bacteria Interactions.

Yeast strains are promising starters to compensate for the flavor deficiencies of reduced-salt dry sausages, but their influence on the bacterial community's structure has not yet been clarified. In this study, the effect of separately inoculating MDJ1 (Pk) and HRB3 (Dh) on the bacterial community structure in reduced-salt dry sausage was investigated. The results demonstrated that the inoculation of two yeast strains significantly reduced the pH, and enhanced the total acid content, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, and total bacterial counts of reduced-salt sausages after a 12-day fermentation ( < 0.

Analysis of Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Hypertension Complicated with Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a disease with a very high incidence in the clinic, and hypertension is the most important variable risk factor of ischemic stroke. Studies have shown that intestinal microbes are involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases. This study aims to explore whether intestinal microbes play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in a hypertensive population.

Changes in the structure and functional properties of soybean isolate protein: Effects of different modification methods.

Soybean protein isolate (SPI) is an important plant protein in food processing; however, its spherical structure prevents the exposure of its hydrophobic residues and affects its functional properties. In this study, we elucidate the effects of deamidation, phosphorylation, and glycosylation on the structure (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy) and functional properties (solubility, emulsifying activity index (EAI), and emulsifying stability index (ESI)) of SPI. The zeta potentials of the deamidated, phosphorylated, and glycosylated (DSPI, PSPI, and MSPI, respectively) samples decreased significantly (p < 0.

YAP1 activation promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell survival of renal cell carcinoma cells under shear stress.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by substantial vasculatures and increased fluid movement in tumor microenvironment, and the fluid shear stress modulates malignance, extravasation and metastatic seeding of tumor cells. However, the precise mechanism remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that low shear stress induced the Yes-associated protein (YAP1) activation and nuclear localization in RCC cells, as well as the downregulation of phosphorylated YAP1 at Ser127.

African Swine Fever Virus MGF360-14L Negatively Regulates Type I Interferon Signaling by Targeting IRF3.

African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). The ASFV genome encodes multiple structural and non-structural proteins that contribute to evasion of host immunity. In this study, we determined that the viral non-structural protein MGF360-14L inhibits interferon-β (IFN-β) promoter activity induced by cGAS-STING signaling.

Co-Delivery of Precisely Prescribed Multi-Prodrug Combination by an Engineered Nanocarrier enables Efficient Individualized Cancer Chemotherapy.

The limited anticancer drug library and the frequent occurrence of drug resistance have driven monotherapy-based cancer therapy into a difficult situation. Considering the formidable process of new drug discovery, combination therapy using currently available drugs is a potential alternative. Nevertheless, the barrier between in vitro combination screening and precise in vivo delivery remains insurmountable in the current free-drug- or nanoparticle (NP)-based combination therapy, which substantially hinders the application of combination therapy.

Application of portable real-time recombinase-aided amplification (rt-RAA) assay in the clinical diagnosis of ASFV and prospective DIVA diagnosis.

African swine fever, a serious infectious disease, has been found in many countries around the world over the last nearly 100 years, and causes untold damage to the economy wherever it occurs. Diagnosis is currently performed by real-time PCR, which is highly sensitive but can only be carried out in a diagnostic laboratory environment with sophisticated equipment and expertise. A sensitive, rapid diagnostic method that can be implemented in agricultural settings is thus urgently needed for the detection and control of African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection.

Revisiting Shadow Detection: A New Benchmark Dataset for Complex World.

Shadow detection in general photos is a nontrivial problem, due to the complexity of the real world. Though recent shadow detectors have already achieved remarkable performance on various benchmark data, their performance is still limited for general real-world situations. In this work, we collected shadow images for multiple scenarios and compiled a new dataset of 10,500 shadow images, each with labeled ground-truth mask, for supporting shadow detection in the complex world.

Interleukin-2 shows high adjuvanticity for an inactivated vaccine against duck Tembusu virus disease.

Currently, the widely used vaccine against duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) disease is inactivated vaccine which, however, facing the limits of large inoculation dose, short immunization period, and incomplete effectiveness. Access to efficient adjuvants aiding for DTMUV inactivated vaccine seems to be of critical importance. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was reported to induce a persistent expansion of effector T cells and could be a promising molecular adjuvant for many kinds of vaccines.

Potential Diagnostic Value of the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Transcriptome From Cattle With Bovine Tuberculosis.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease of cattle caused by . During early-stage infection, -infected cattle shed mycobacteria through nasal secretions, which can be detected via nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments. Little research has focused on immune responses in nested PCR-positive (bTB PCR-P) or nested PCR-negative (bTB PCR-N) -infected cattle.

Interleukin 8 and Pentaxin (C-Reactive Protein) as Potential New Biomarkers of Bovine Tuberculosis.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is caused by During the early stage of infection, greater than 15% of -infected cattle shed mycobacteria through nasal secretions, which can be detected by nested PCR. To compare the differences in the protein profiles of -infected cattle that were nested PCR positive (bTB) and -infected cattle that were nested PCR negative (bTB) and to screen for biomarkers that will facilitate the early and accurate detection of bTB, we investigated the protein expression profiles of serum and bovine purified protein derivative (PPD-B)-stimulated plasma among bTB ( = 20), bTB ( = 20), and uninfected cattle (NC;  = 20) by iTRAQ labeling coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (iTRAQ-2D LC-MS/MS). After comprehensive analysis, we selected 15 putative differentially expressed serum proteins and 15 plasma proteins for validation by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) with the same cohort used in the iTRAQ analysis.

Inhibition of cGAS-STING-TBK1 signaling pathway by DP96R of ASFV China 2018/1.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly pathogenic large DNA virus that causes African swine fever (ASF) in domestic pigs and European wild boars with mortality rate up to 100%. The DP96R gene of ASFV encodes one of the viral virulence factors, yet its action mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we report that DP96R of ASFV China 2018/1 strain subverts type I IFN production in cGAS sensing pathway.

Genomic sequence and virulence of a novel NADC30-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate from the Hebei province of China.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative agent of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), which results in immense economic losses in the swine industry. Outbreaks of disease caused by NADC30-like PRRSV are of great concern in China. Here, a novel variant, NADC30-like PRRSV strain HB17A, was analyzed and its pathogenicity in pigs was examined.

Nuclear localization signal regulates porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein nuclear export through phosphorylation.

The open reading frame 2 (ORF2) of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) encodes the major Capsid (Cap) protein, which self-assembles into virus-like particle (VLP) of similar morphology to the PCV2 virion and accumulates in the nucleus through the N-terminal arginine-rich nuclear localization signal (NLS). In this study, PCV2 Cap protein and its derivates were expressed via the baculovirus expression system, and the cellular localization of the recombinant proteins were investigated using anti-Cap mAb by imaging flow cytometry. Analysis of subcellular localization of Cap protein and its variants demonstrated that NLS mediated Cap protein nuclear export as well as nuclear import, and a phosphorylation site (S17) was identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the NLS domain to regulate Cap protein nuclear export.