Serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is associated with stroke in the elderly: a population-based study.

Purpose: The ratio of serum uric acid (UA) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), known as UHR, has been identified as a novel marker for oxidative stress and metabolic disorders. This study focused on exploring the association between UHR and stroke risk among older adults in the United States.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from individuals aged 60 years and older, collected through the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

FASN promotes the stemness of cancer stem cells and protects colorectal cancer cells from ferroptosis by inhibiting the activation of SREBP2.

Introduction: Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key regulator of lipid metabolism, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) stemness and ferroptosis remains unclear.

Methods: FASN expression in CRC was analyzed using TCGA data and validated in CRC cell lines (CACO-2, HCT116, SW480) and normal HIEC-6 cells via qRT-PCR and Western blot. HCT116 cells (highest FASN expression) were used for experiments.

Evaluating the potential of GSPT2 and CIRBP as biomarkers in endometrial cancer: Multicenter RT-PCR and IHC study.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a prevalent gynecological malignancy that imposes significant health and economic burden on women worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of G1 to S phase transition 2 (GSPT2) and cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) in endometrial cancer tissues relative to normal endometrial tissues and to evaluate their potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. We conducted a prospective analysis involving RNA extraction, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess gene expression and protein localization.

Improved image quality and diagnostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography-derived fractional flow reserve with super-resolution deep learning reconstruction.

Background: Super-resolution deep learning reconstruction (SR-DLR) algorithm has emerged as a promising image reconstruction technique for improving the image quality of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and ensuring accurate CCTA-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) assessments even in problematic scenarios (e.g., the presence of heavily calcified plaque and stent implantation).

Fractional flow reserve calculation optimized by myocardial computed tomography perfusion information.

Background: Current computed tomography angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) diagnosis leaves room for improvement in diagnosing coronary heart disease. In this study, the computed fluid dynamics boundary condition optimization method was used to calculate CT-FFR aiming to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CT-FFR for coronary heart disease.

Methods: The two enhancement approaches are as follows: (A) inlet flow optimization, which involves determining the total coronary inlet flow rate by summing the myocardial blood flow (MBF) across the entire left ventricular myocardium; and (B) inlet & outlet flow optimization: building upon method A, where the outlet flow of coronary artery branches is calculated through blood supply area analysis.

Development of a low-cost and high-throughput LC-MS method for newborn screening of thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin disorders.

Background: Screening and pre-symptomatic diagnosis in newborns allows early treatment of thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) disorders in childhood. However, there remains a lack of efficient methods to screen for hemoglobinopathies in newborns. This study aimed to establish a bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS)-based method for efficient screening of hemoglobinopathies in newborns using dried blood spot (DBS) samples.

Change of soil labile organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities during peatland restoration in Changbai Mountains, Northeast China.

Peatlands are one of the most important terrestrial carbon storage reservoirs. The response of soil labile organic carbon fractions to environmental changes is a pivotal indicator for assessing the stability of soil organic carbon pools. Soil enzymes act as primary participants in the biogeochemical processes of peatlands, significantly influence the material cycling and energy flow.

A novel genetic framework reveals transcriptional "butterfly effect" underlying heterosis in maize.

Introduction: Maize is one of the first crops to benefit from heterosis, significantly enhancing commercial breeding. Despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms of heterosis remain elusive.

Objectives: This study integrates a novel genetic framework with transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses to identify heterosis-related genes and uncover their regulatory mechanisms.

Avenanthramide-C Mitigates High-Fat Diet-Accelerated Alzheimer's Pathologies via NOD1-Driven Neuroinflammation in 5×FAD Mice.

: Obesity is clinically known to be associated with an increased risk and aggravated pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A high-fat diet (HFD), the major contributor to obesity, induces neuroinflammation and central insulin resistance, both of which are linked to synaptic dysfunction. Our previous studies demonstrated that avenanthramide-C (Avn-C), a natural oat-derived phenolic compound, exerts anti-inflammatory effects and alleviates synaptic dysfunction in conventional AD models.

Ozone Pollution in the Western Yangtze River Delta During the 2020 and 2021 Warm Seasons: Roles of Meteorology and Air Mass Transport.

Surface ozone (O), a key hurdle in air quality improvement in China, often displays regional pollution characteristics. This study investigated the influence of meteorological conditions and air mass transport on O and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) concentrations in Nanjing, located in the western Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region of China during April-September of 2020 and 2021 based on online observations of O and its precursors and meteorological conditions, backward-trajectory analysis, and an observation-based box model (OBM). O concentrations rose with temperature, albeit non-linearly.

LncRNA Mir155hg contributes to hippocampal injury in status epilepticus rats through miR-155/Socs1/NF-κΒ signaling axis.

Background: Neuroinflammation contributes to cognitive deficits in status epilepticus (SE). The lncRNA Mir155hg has been identified as a key regulator of inflammation, but its role in SE remains unclear.

Methods: Mir155hg was knocked down using the adeno-associated virus (AAV) in the rat models of SE.

Co-Culture with Two Soil Fungal Strains Enhances Growth and Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in .

is a medicinal fungus with significant pharmacological value, but how soil microbes promote its growth remains unclear. We established a solid-state co-culture system involving synnemata and its native soil fungi of and . Both and significantly promoted synnematal growth and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities.

Diagonal paraspinal muscle degeneration and osteoporosis were associated with rotatory subluxation in degenerative lumbar scoliosis.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the potential association between paraspinal muscle (PSM) degeneration, osteoporosis, and vertebral rotatory subluxation (VRS) in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed standing anteroposterior radiographs to assess the coronal (Cobb angle, coronal balance distance, and lateral translation) and sagittal parameters (thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and sagittal vertical axis). Patients were categorized into rotatory subluxation (RS, lateral translation ≥ 5 mm) and non-RS groups, with the RS group further subdivided into single- and double-level subgroups based on the frequency of RS occurrence.

A Comparative Study of Five Large Language Models' Response for Liver Cancer Comprehensive Treatment.

Introduction: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in healthcare, yet their reliability in specialized clinical fields remains uncertain. Liver cancer, as a complex and high-burden disease, poses unique challenges for AI-based tools. This study aimed to evaluate the comprehensibility and clinical applicability of five mainstream LLMs in addressing liver cancer-related clinical questions.

Associations between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and 30-day mortality in patients with hemorrhagic stroke: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Hemorrhagic stroke (HS), accounting for over 40% of stroke-related deaths, imposes a severe global health burden due to high mortality and disability rates. The triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), integrating lipid-glucose metabolism and obesity, has shown prognostic value in cardiovascular diseases but remains underexplored in HS populations.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 413 HS patients from the MIMIC-IV database.

Integrated screens identify AURKB dependency in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

The only approved systemic treatments for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are KIT/PDGFRA-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which eventually lead to the development of secondary polyclonal resistance mutations. Complementary treatment strategies are urgently needed. Using transcriptomic profiling, CRISPR screens, and chemical screens, we identify aurora kinase B (AURKB) as a previously less recognized therapeutic vulnerability to advanced GISTs.

Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 as a Promising Biomarker for Poststroke Depression After Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) was reported to induce inflammatory responses, enhance microglial survival, and contribute to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. We aimed to prospectively investigate the association between plasma sTREM2 levels and poststroke depression (PSD).

Methods: We measured plasma sTREM2 levels in 590 patients with ischemic stroke from 7 participating hospitals of the CATIS (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke) trial.

Effectiveness of home based continuous passive motion compared with conventional physical therapy after arthroscopic release of degenerative elbow stiffness.

Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) has been widely used in rehabilitation, yet its effectiveness compared to conventional physical therapy (PT) following elbow contracture release remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of home-based immersive CPM training versus manual PT in promoting functional recovery of the elbow. Clinical records of 40 patients with moderate to severe elbow osteoarthritis who underwent standardized arthroscopic release between 2020 and 2022 were reviewed.

Macrogenome analysis of rodents from Heilongjiang Province, China.

Rodents are carriers and hosts of numerous zoonotic pathogens, analysing the diversity of viruses and bacteria carried by rodents is important for predicting and reducing the risk of future outbreaks of zoonotic diseases. Heilongjiang is a border province in China with rich ecological resources. In this study, we characterized the zoonotic microbiota (viruses and bacteria) in wild rodents.

Metabolomics navigates natural variation in pathogen-induced secondary metabolism across soybean cultivar populations.

e-induced root rot poses a major threat to soybean production. While the molecular mechanisms underlying soybean- interactions have been extensively studied, their biochemical basis remains largely unexplored. Previous research has identified key metabolic modules involved in pathogen defense, but structural diversity has largely been constrained by studies on single soybean accessions.

Nanopore targeted sequencing identifies pathogens in patients with postoperative endophthalmitis.

Aim: To estimate if nanopore targeted sequencing (NTS) could identify pathogens causing postoperative endophthalmitis and further determine the feasibility of clinical application of NTS.

Methods: A total of 55 patients (55 eyes) with postoperative endophthalmitis were retrospectively included in this study with their medical records. Intraocular fluid samples were examined by NTS and microbial culture.

Stapokibart for Severe Uncontrolled Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: The CROWNS-2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps causes severe symptoms and impaired quality of life. Stapokibart is a novel monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin 4Rα.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of stapokibart as an add-on treatment to intranasal corticosteroids in patients with severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Modeling and Optimization of Microwave Vacuum Drying for Pinelliae Rhizoma: Integrating Drying Kinetics, Artificial Neural Networks, and Quality Preservation.

This study investigated the effects of drying temperature and vacuum degree on the drying characteristics, color, rehydration ratio, nucleoside content, and microstructure of Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR) during microwave-vacuum drying (MVD). The results demonstrated that MVD significantly reduced the drying time and enhanced processing efficiency. Four different mathematical models and artificial neural network (ANN) predictive models are developed for further comparison.

LRQuant: A Unified and Learnable Framework to Post-training Quantization for Transformer-based Large Foundation Models.

Post-training quantization (PTQ) for transformer-based large foundation models (LFMs) significantly accelerates model inference and relieves memory constraints, without incurring model training. However, existing methods face three main issues: 1) The scaling factors, which are commonly used in scale reparameterization based weight-activation quantization for mitigating the quantization errors, are mostly hand-crafted defined which may lead to suboptimal results; 2) The formulation of current quantization error defined by L2-norm ignores the directional shifts after quantization; 3) Most methods are devised tailored for single scenario, i.e.