Serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is associated with stroke in the elderly: a population-based study.

Purpose: The ratio of serum uric acid (UA) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), known as UHR, has been identified as a novel marker for oxidative stress and metabolic disorders. This study focused on exploring the association between UHR and stroke risk among older adults in the United States.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from individuals aged 60 years and older, collected through the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

The Sublethal Effects of Neonicotinoids on Honeybees.

Honeybees () are indispensable pollinators vital to global biodiversity, ecosystem stability, and agricultural productivity, and they promote over 35% of food crops and 75% of flowering plants. Yet, they are in unprecedented decline, partly as a result of neonicotinoid pesticide use elsewhere. These effects on honey bee health are synthesized in this paper through molecular, physiological, and behavioral data showing that sublethal effects of neonicotinoids impair honey bee health.

The MIR157-SPL15 module regulates flowering and inflorescence development in Arabidopsis thaliana under short days and in Arabis alpina.

The plant life cycle progresses through distinct phases defined by the morphology of the organs formed on the shoot. In Arabidopsis, age-dependent reduction in the related microRNAs miR156 and miR157 controls transitions from juvenile to adult vegetative phase and from adult to reproductive phase. However, whether these miRNA isoforms have specific contributions remains unclear.

Study on the Performance and Service Life Prediction of Corrosion-Resistant Concrete Cut-Corner Square Piles.

This paper addresses the issue of reduced lifespan of coastal concrete piles due to chloride ion corrosion. A combination of concrete mix optimization and pile geometry improvement measures is proposed. Based on the diffusion coefficient optimization of Fick's second law, the service life prediction of concrete piles in corrosive environments is completed.

Relationship between cardiovascular health and COPD andits impact on all-cause mortality in patients with COPD: analyses of NHANES 2005-2018.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are intimately connected. A recently developed measure called Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is used to evaluate cardiovascular health (CVH). We aimed to investigate the relationship between LE8 and the prevalence of COPD, and the association between LE8 and all-cause mortality in individuals with COPD.

Statistics on Oxygen Vacancy Defects in Amorphous HfO: A Neural-Network Interatomic Potential Assisted High-Throughput Prediction.

Accurate statistical prediction of defect properties in amorphous materials is a long-term challenge, hindering their applications in functional devices. In this work, the oxygen vacancy (Vo) in amorphous hafnium oxide (a-HfO) is taken as an example, and we develop a graph-neural-network inter-atomic potential based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations of 6894 stoichiometric a-HfO structures and 14219 structures with V defects, achieving an energy precision of ≈1 meV atom. Combining this potential with the supercell model, the structures and energies of neutral Vo defects can be calculated with DFT-level accuracy and low computational cost, which enables high-throughput calculations using supercells with a wide size range, from 96 to 32928 atoms.

A Spatiotemporally Controllable DNA Hydrogel Mesh for Focused Antimetastasis Therapy of Cancer.

Cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed diseases with high mortality, and approximately 50% of patients are prone to present metastasis after various treatments. The shedding of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) during tumor therapy is the root cause of metastasis. In this work, we proposed a focused antimetastasis therapy strategy based on a spatiotemporally controllable DNA hydrogel mesh (SNARE: just like a turtle trapped in the jar) in vivo.

Finite Element Model Updating for a Continuous Beam-Arch Composite Bridge Based on the RSM and a Nutcracker Optimization Algorithm.

Accurate finite element (FE) models are essential for the safety assessment of civil engineering structures. However, obtaining reliable model parameters for existing bridges remains challenging due to the inability to conduct static load tests without disrupting traffic flow. To address this, this study proposes an FE model updating framework that integrates the response surface method and the nutcracker optimization algorithm (NOA).

Decoding the maxillary morphological mechanism of mid-face depression or protrusion by an interpretable machine learning-assisted approach in an Asian female population.

For morphological assessments and treatment planning for the midface, the conventionally used measurement-based diagnosis is not potent enough to decode the complexity of craniofacial configuration. A more comprehensive assessment system using a machine learning-assisted approach is in need. In this study, the subnasale and maxilla positions were assessed in relation to the upper- and mid-facial structures in 1293 Asian females.

"On-Water" Interfacial Acidification Enhances Direct Ammonolysis of Triglycerides.

Direct ammonolysis of triglycerides with liquid ammonia is a well-established technology for the industrial manufacture of aliphatic amides typically requiring a large excess of ammonia. In this study, using glyceryl trilaurate (GTL) as a model triglyceride, we demonstrate that the rate of lauramide formation can be enhanced sevenfold at 150 °C and low ammonia excess (47:1 mol/mol ammonia/GTL) when the reaction is carried out in GTL-in-water(acetonitrile) (50:50 v/v) emulsions stabilized by surface-active Aquivion perfluorosulfonic superacid (PFSA) particles, compared to a non-emulsified system. Moreover, the lauramide yield after 5 h is nine times higher than that achieved with conventional ammonolysis in liquid ammonia at higher ammonia excess (148:1 mol/mol ammonia/GTL).

The 2025 M7.7 Mandalay, Myanmar, earthquake reveals a complex earthquake cycle with clustering and variable segmentation on the Sagaing Fault.

We use remote sensing observations to document surface deformation caused by the 2025 M7.7 Mandalay earthquake. This event is a unique case of an extremely long (~510 km) and sustained supershear rupture probably favored by the rather smooth and continuous geometry of this section of the structurally mature Sagaing Fault.

Association mapping and candidate gene identification for drought tolerance in sorghum.

Introduction: Water is essential for plant growth, and drought is one of the most predominant constraints on crop yield. Sorghum is a well-known drought-tolerant crop model, and sorghum landraces possess novel alleles for local adaptation.

Methods: In this study, we evaluated a sorghum mini core panel of 239 landraces sampled globally for shoot and root growth under simulated drought conditions using 10% and 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG) in 2020 and 2024, and measured drought tolerance using the seedling tolerance coefficient (STC).

Structural Tuning Magnetism and Topology in a Magnetic Topological Insulator.

To date, the most widely-studied quantum anomalous Hall insulator (QAHI) platform is achieved by dilute doping of magnetic ions into thin films of the alloyed tetradymite topological insulator (TI) (BiSb)Te (BST). In these films, long-range magnetic ordering of the transition metal substituants opens an exchange gap Δ in the topological surface states, stabilizing spin-polarized, dissipationless edge channels with a nonzero Chern number . The long-range ordering of the spatially separated magnetic ions is itself mediated by electronic states in the host TI, leading to a sophisticated feedback between magnetic and electronic properties.

Evaluation of intranasal dexmedetomidine on perioperative comfort evaluated using the General Comfort Questionnaire.

Objectives: Impaired clinical comfort has been shown to compromise in-hospital care quality and patient safety metrics. Therefore, optimizing perioperative comfort through evidence-based multimodal interventions has emerged as a paramount clinical priority in contemporary surgical and anesthesia practice. This study aimed to investigate the effects of intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on comfort improvement in patients who underwent neuraxial anesthesia or nerve block anesthesia and to explore the risk factors for discomfort.

Impact of Pathological Grades of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease on Weight Loss Following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Purpose: The impact of hepatic steatosis severity on postoperative weight loss outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fatty liver severity on percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 226 patients with obesity who underwent LSG.

High-power single transverse mode random fiber laser based on the coherent feedback.

Realizing a high-performance random fiber laser (RFL) in a compact structure is still challenging to the laser optics field. Here, we propose a ~1.5-μm band high-power single transverse mode coherent feedback RFL in a single-stage structure.

Synergistic effect of Ce doping and heterointerface engineering of NiCoP/Ce-NiCo LDH for durable and corrosion-resistant electrocatalysis in alkaline freshwater and seawater oxidation.

Hydrogen production via seawater electrolysis is regarded as a promising avenue for utilizing sustainable energy. However, developing an efficient electrocatalyst with low overpotential and high chloride corrosion resistance remains a considerable challenge. In this research, a heterostructure NiCoP/Ce-NiCo LDH catalyst was fabricated by a simple hydrothermal-phosphorization-electrodeposition method.

Mechanisms of In Situ Growth of (FeAlCr)TiO Whisker Driven by Oxygen Partial Pressure and Reinforced Mechanical Properties in Corundum-Type Medium-Entropy Oxides.

Designing in situ whiskers to enhance the fracture toughness of ceramics presents challenges for structural applications. Herein, two corundum-type medium-entropy oxide ceramics (MEO-1 and MEO-2) are synthesized through solid-state reaction sintering under controlled oxygen partial pressures. MEO-1 is a single-phase corundum-type oxide (AlCrFeTi)O, while MEO-2 incorporates (FeAlCr)TiO whiskers to reinforce (AlCrFeTi)O.

Epigenetic Mechanisms in : From Development to Environmental Adaptation.

Epigenetics, as an important scientific field that bridges genomic function and phenotypic plasticity, increasingly demonstrates its value in bee research. In recent years, with the rapid development of omics technologies, there have been significant advancements in the study of epigenetics in honeybees. This article reviews the role of epigenetic regulation in the development, behavioral regulation, and immune response of honeybee larvae from the perspectives of DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA.

Exceptional Strengthening via Nanostructure Engineering in Additively Manufactured Aluminum Alloys.

We report a novel strategy that leverages ceramic microparticles and the thermal cycles of laser powder-bed fusion to achieve ultradense solute nanoclusters in aluminum alloys, resulting in unprecedented tensile properties. Using TiB microparticles as an example, we minimize the interfacial energy differences between various crystallographic combinations of aluminum and microparticles through computational design, enabling an equiaxed grain structure. Meanwhile, the thermal misfit between microparticles and matrix induces high-density dislocations.

Associations of a healthy beverage pattern with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Not all beverage items are necessarily beneficial for health, but the potential impact of an overall beverage pattern on health remains unknown. We aimed to examine associations of adherence to an overall healthy beverage pattern with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a prospective cohort of US populations.

Methods: We included 8,894 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2019), a nationally representative cohort of US populations.

[High expression of ELFN1 is a prognostic biomarker and promotes proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells].

Objectives: To explore the correlation of ELFN1 expression level with prognosis of colorectal cancer and its regulatory role in colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.

Methods: We analyzed the expression levels of ELFN1 across 33 cancer types using publicly available databases and identified differential genes related to ELFN1 in colorectal cancer. Gene function annotation and enrichment analysis were used to identify the involved signaling pathways.

Discovery of pinonic acid derivatives containing triazole Schiff base fragment as fungicidal candidates against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

Background: Wheat Take-all disease seriously threatens global wheat production, while current fungicides are limited by high cost, toxicity, and emerging resistance. To reduce its threat to agricultural production and overcome the limitations of existing prevention and control methods, this study chose turpentine, a natural product with a unique structure and biological activity, to provide a promising alternative fungicide.

Results: A series of pinonic acid triazole Schiff base compounds with good antifungal activity from natural product turpentine were successfully synthesized and evaluated.

A portable smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence device integrated with bipolar electrode detection chip for multi-target respiratory pathogen detection.

At-home nucleic acid testing enables early detection of respiratory pathogens, making it crucial for infection control and community transmission reduction, particularly in resource-limited settings. This research develops a system for field-based multiplex respiratory pathogen detection: 1) A portable smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection device (termed as the PEMD), constructed using LEGO blocks, capable of precise temperature control for Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and equipped with a custom-developed smartphone app for accurate collection and automatic processing of ECL signals; 2) A bipolar electrode and position-resolved ECL sensor chip (termed as the B-chip) that links adjacent amplification and detection zones in series, using DNA-binding redox probe to detect quenching of the ECL signal in positive samples. The system can simultaneously detect H1N1, H7N9, influenza B, and human adenovirus, with a detection limit of 10 copies/μL in simulated samples, and identify 87.