Acid-Alkaline Double Electrolytes for High-Energy Aqueous Proton Batteries.

Aqueous proton batteries offer a promising energy storage solution due to their inherent safety, rapid ion mobility, and low cost. However, their performance is largely constrained by water's limited electrochemical stability, restricting operating voltage and energy density. This study addresses this challenge by introducing an innovative acid-alkaline double electrolyte configuration to achieve high-voltage aqueous proton batteries.

Characterization of Protein-Ligand Chalcogen Bonds: Insights from Database Survey and Quantum Mechanics Calculations.

Chalcogen bonds (ChBs) are essential noncovalent interactions in biological systems and drug molecules, playing a key role in stabilizing protein structures and determining the bound conformations of drugs. While previous studies on ChBs in biological systems have primarily focused on interactions between residues and within drug molecules, systematic investigations into the characteristics of ChBs between proteins and ligands remain limited. This study systematically explores ChBs between proteins and sulfur-containing ligands using comprehensive database analyses and precise quantum mechanics (QM) calculations.

Integrating multi-modal transcriptomics identifies cellular subtypes with distinct roles in PDAC progression.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest malignancies, largely due to its highly immunosuppressive and fibrotic tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the spatial and functional organization of its cellular components remains poorly understood.

Methods: We present an integrated transcriptomic atlas of the PDAC TME by combining single-cell RNA sequencing (n = 88; 187,520 cells), Visium spatial transcriptomics (n = 20; 67,933 spots), bulk RNA sequencing (n = 1,383), and high-resolution Xenium spatial transcriptomics (n = 2; 307,679 cells).

Self-derived dual-carbon-constrained CoSe nanocatalyst for accelerated polysulfide conversion in lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (LiS) batteries offer high theoretical energy density and low material cost, yet their practical application is limited by poor conductivity, sluggish redox kinetics, and the polysulfide shuttle effect. A promising strategy to overcome these challenges involves the rational design of carbon-supported metal catalysts with high conductivity, strong polysulfide adsorption, and abundant accessible active sites to enhance reaction kinetics. Herein, we report a dual‑carbon-constrained cobalt selenide (CoSe) nanocatalyst, derived from a metal-organic framework, as an efficient sulfur host.

Associations of a healthy beverage pattern with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Not all beverage items are necessarily beneficial for health, but the potential impact of an overall beverage pattern on health remains unknown. We aimed to examine associations of adherence to an overall healthy beverage pattern with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a prospective cohort of US populations.

Methods: We included 8,894 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2019), a nationally representative cohort of US populations.

The RING-finger ubiquitin E3 ligase RFEL1 targets wheat NPR3 for degradation to confer broad-spectrum resistance against biotrophic fungal pathogens.

Broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) is highly sought after for the effective management of crop diseases. However, genes suitable for developing BSR remain scarce. In this study, we demonstrate the development of BSR to wheat yellow rust (YR), powdery mildew (PM), and leaf rust (LR) diseases elicited by three biotrophic fungal pathogens using a newly defined module, namely, RFEL1-NPR3.

Integrating Network Pharmacology and in vivo Validation to Explore the Mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Objective: Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used to manage cardiovascular disorders. However, its cardioprotective mechanisms in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) remain unclear. This study aims to investigate its pharmacological mechanisms against MI/RI through network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Screening and discovery of an antiviral candidate inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (2-E) channel.

The SARS-CoV-2-encoded 2-E channel is critical in the viral life cycle and pathogenesis. By facilitating viral replication, it promotes the dysregulation of inflammatory pathways, leading to cytokine storm, and triggers DNA damage response (DDR), thus exacerbating disease progression. The 2-E channel, a viroporin, is a promising antiviral target.

Nanoscale engineered exosomes for dual delivery of Sirtuin3 and insulin to ignite mitochondrial recovery in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction remains a leading cause of mortality, with ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causing severe myocardial damage through mitochondrial dysfunction. While mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) show therapeutic potential, their limited targeting and insufficient mitochondrial protection restrict clinical application.

Results: We developed a novel engineered exosome platform (Exo-I-S) using an IRES-driven bicistronic plasmid to co-load Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) and GPI-Insulin, aiming to enhance targeting efficiency and mitochondrial protection.

Sequential bilateral retinal artery occlusions with promising visual prognosis in a diabetic patient: a case report and literature review.

Background: Bilateral retinal artery occlusion (RAO) in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an extremely rare condition. Even with rigorous treatment, RAO often results in devastating visual impairment.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old female with Type 2 diabetes mellitus was referred to our hospital.

Gene therapy prevents onset of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy in neonatal mice with Ndufs6 deficiency.

Mutations in genes affecting mitochondrial complex I (CI) can lead to mitochondrial cardiomyopathy (MCM) yet no effective treatment. This study sought to determine whether adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-based gene therapy could prevent or rescue Ndufs6 deficiency-induced MCM at different disease stages. Using Ndufs6 mice to mimic MCM, cardiac dysfunction was evident at week 4 post-birth, showing reduced ejection fraction, CI activity, increased fibrosis, mitochondrial fission, and disrupted cristae.

Wave-pulse mixing coupled with powdered activated carbon enhances AnMBR in treating low temperature municipal wastewater and recovering dissolved CH.

The anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology is increasingly applied in the treatment of municipal wastewater. However, its application in cold region still faces many challenges including low anaerobic digestion efficiency and high concentrations of dissolved methane (D-CH). In this study, powdered activated carbon (PAC) was incorporated into AnMBR operated under wave-pulse mixing mode (P-W-AnMBR) to enhance the operational performance under low temperature condition.

Formation of RNA lipid nanoparticles: an equilibrium process with a liquid intermediate stage.

This paper presents evidence that RNA-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) can be assembled using a slow, thermodynamically controlled process. The lipid mixture used in the Spikevax vaccine was dissolved in 52% (v/v) ethanol and titrated into a solution containing tRNA. The titration was conducted using an isothermal titration calorimeter (ITC) and consisted of 40 injections with enough time between each injection so that equilibrium was reached before the next injection.

Construction of a Prognostic Model based on CSC-related Genes in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and deadly malignancies. Lack of efficient biomarkers for prognosis has limited the improvement of survival outcome in patients with CRC. Numerous studies have demonstrated the important roles of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in both treatment resistance and disease recurrence of CRC.

diagnosis based on SERS-LFIA: research hotspots, increase sensitivities, combined detection, multimodal detection and related patents.

In recent years, the SERS-LFIA platform has gained significant traction in diagnostics. However, a comprehensive review of its advancements and applications is still lacking. This review first employing a bibliometric approach to analyze research trends.

Discovery and Optimization of Potent and Highly Selective PARP14 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent, and inflammatory skin condition that remains challenging to treat effectively and safely with current therapies. Recent studies by multiple independent research groups have demonstrated that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 14 (PARP14) has been implicated in the progression of inflammatory diseases through its regulation of the Th2 and Th17 signaling pathways, leading to the identification of PARP14 as a promising therapeutic target. Herein, we report the discovery of a novel PARP14 inhibitor with exceptional inhibitory activity against PARP14 (IC = 5.

Establishment of a R-Sphere labelled immunoassay platform and its rapid combined quantitative detection of ketamine and morphine in serum.

Background And Aims: Ketamine and morphine are among the most commonly abused drugs. Ketamine is classified as a new psychoactive substance, while morphine represents the opioid class. These two substances may exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects in their pharmacological actions, and their combined abuse could lead to more severe health risks, such as respiratory depression.

Development of a rabbit model for adrenoleukodystrophy: A pilot study on gene therapy using rAAV9.

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a common peroxisomal disorder caused by mutations in the gene, leading to the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). This progressive neurodegenerative disease manifests in three primary forms: childhood-acquired cerebral demyelination (CALD), adult myelopathy (AMN), and primary adrenal cortical insufficiency. Bone marrow transplantation effectively halts disease progression only in the early stages of CALD.

Dual-modal super-resolution ultrasound and NIR-II fluorescence imaging of ischemic stroke with ICG-doped porous PLGA microspheres.

Ischemic stroke, resulting from the obstruction of blood flow to the brain, remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, while effective for identifying stroke locations, are often limited in their ability to detect early pathological changes due to constraints in spatial resolution and sensitivity. This study introduces a novel dual-modal imaging approach that employs indocyanine green-doped porous poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (ICG-pPLGA MPs) for super-resolution ultrasound and near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging of ischemic stroke.

Exploring the neural mechanisms underlying cooperation and competition behavior: Insights from stereo-electroencephalography hyperscanning.

Cooperation and competition are essential social behaviors in human society. This study utilized hyperscanning and stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) to investigate intra- and inter-brain neural dynamics underlying these behaviors within the insula and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), regions critical for executive function and mentalizing. We found distinct high-gamma responses and connectivity patterns, with a stronger influence from IFG to insula during competition and more balanced interactions during cooperation.

Real-world study of phakic refractive lens for correction of high myopia.

Background: To assess the safety and efficacy of phakic refractive lens (PRL) implantation for correcting high myopia, as well as an ophthalmic viscosurgical device-free (OVD-free) method for PRL implantation.

Methods: In this real-world prospective study, consecutive patients implanted with PRL in one or both eyes were enrolled. Based on the surgical techniques used, the eyes were divided into the OVD-free method group and the conventional method group.

Extracellular Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles Affect the Progression of Diabetic Foot Ulcer by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common and severe complication of diabetes mellitus, the etiology of which remains insufficiently understood, particularly regarding the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, nanoflow cytometry to detect EVs in DFU skin tissues is used and found a significant increase in the Translocase of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 20 (TOM20) mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs). The role of MDVs in DFU is yet to be reported.

Rapid Iron-Mediated Aqueous-Phase Reactions of Organic Peroxides from Monoterpene-Derived Criegee Intermediates and Implications for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry.

Fenton-like reactions between organic peroxides and transition-metal ions in the atmospheric aqueous phase have profound impacts on the chemistry, composition, and health effects of aerosols. However, the kinetics, mechanisms, and key influencing factors of such reactions remain poorly understood. In this study, we synthesized a series of monoterpene-derived α-acyloxyalkyl hydroperoxides (AAHPs), an important class of organic peroxides formed from Criegee intermediates during the ozonolysis of alkenes, and investigated their Fenton-like reactions with iron ions in the aqueous phase.