Repurposing Mercaptopurine Through Collateral Lethality to Treat Cancers with Somatic Loss.

Somatic retinoblastoma 1 () loss is prevalent across different cancer types and is enriched in treatment-refractory tumors, such as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and small-cell lung cancer, but cannot be considered as a direct druggable target. In this study, we revealed that the close proximity of nudix hydrolase 15 () and may result in their common somatic codeletion or epigenomic cosilencing in different cancer types and subsequent significant positive correlations of their expressions at the bulk transcriptional and single-cell levels. With clinical CRPC samples, co-loss of and were commonly observed (14 out of 21).

ALA Alleviates Liver Damage in Septic Mice Through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

Sepsis is a life-threatening systemic inflammatory response syndrome that arises from infection and frequently progresses to multi-organ dysfunction, with liver injury being a particularly significant manifestation. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), renowned for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has demonstrated promising protective effects in sepsis. The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of ALA on liver damage in septic mice by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thereby providing novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of sepsis.

Distinguishable-particle glassy crystal: The simplest molecular model of glass.

The nature of glassy dynamics and the glass transition is a long-standing problem under active debate. In the presence of a structural disorder widely believed to be an essential characteristic of structural glass, identifying and understanding key dynamical behaviors are very challenging. In this work, we demonstrate that an energetic disorder, which usually results from a structural disorder, is instead a more essential feature of glass.

A Superatomic {Ag} Cluster Induced by Asymmetric Mixed-Addendum Polyoxometalate.

Polyoxometalate (POM)-encapsulated Ag nanoclusters have attracted increasing research interest due to their intriguing structural diversities and synergistic catalytic properties; however, the types of POM ligands are limited to the multidentate lacunary or ring-shaped POMs. Herein, we develop an asymmetric POM-induced synthetic strategy to synthesize a superatomic {Ag} cluster encapsulated by six redox-active mixed-addendum ligands, (CHN)NaH[NaAg(PWNbO)]·36CHCN (). The oriented aggregation of Ag ions is attributed to the unevenly distributed electron density over the asymmetric mixed-addendum ligands.

Euro-Chinese consensus on accessory cavitated uterine malformation.

Background: Accessory cavitated uterine malformations (ACUMs) are a rare obstructive uterine anomaly that remains poorly understood, posing challenges for clinical management. The aetiopathogenesis is hypothesised to involve the duplication and persistence of ductal Müllerian tissue usually near the round ligament attachment, potentially related to gubernaculum dysfunction. ACUM is specifically classified by Acién's system, though rare variants necessitate continued international research to refine classification frameworks.

Lipid Droplet-Derived Biomimetic Nanocarriers for the Enhancement of Porcine Intermuscular Fat Content.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is a critical factor influencing the quality and palatability of pork. However, established breeding and nutritional methods lead to systemic fat deposition. The efficient and specific methods to increase IMF content in livestock remain a challenge.

Preparation of boric acid functionalized hyper-crosslinked polymer for efficient extraction of phenylurea herbicides from lake water, green tea drink and tomato samples.

A boric acid functionalized hyper-crosslinked polymer (HCP), designated as NPCBA/TBM-HCP, was successfully synthesized via Friedel-Crafts reaction by copolymerizing N-phenylcarbazole-2-boronic acid (NPCBA) and 2,4,6-Tris(bromomethyl)mesitylene (TBM). The NPCBA/TBM-HCP showed a large surface area and a good adsorption property for phenylurea herbicides (PUHs). A method with NPCBA/TBM-HCP based solid phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographic detection was developed for the simultaneous analysis of PUHs in lake water, green tea drink and tomato samples.

Accuracy of an Ultra-Wideband-Based Tracking System for Time-Motion Analysis in Tennis.

Player-tracking systems provide vital time-motion and tactical data for analyzing athletic performance. Ultra-wideband (UWB) systems are promising for racquet sports due to their accuracy and cost-effectiveness compared to GNSS and optical systems. This study evaluated the accuracy of a UWB tracking system (GenGee Insait KS) for tennis-specific movements by comparing it with an optical motion capture system (VICON).

Structural Isomerism of {Ag} Nanocluster Encapsulated by Bowl-like Polyoxometalates.

The structural isomerism of atomically precise nanoclusters provides a preeminent theoretical model to investigate the structure-property relationships. Herein, we synthesized three bowl-like polyoxometalate (POM)-encapsulated Ag nanoclusters (denoted as {Ag(SbW)}-1, {Ag(SbW)}-1 a, and {Ag(SbW)}-2) via a facile one-pot solvothermal approach. Among them, for the first time, an unprecedented isomeric {Ag} nanoclusters are obtained in polyoxoanions {Ag(SbW)}-1 and {Ag(SbW)}-2, which should be probably induced by the different distribution of coordinating O atoms in two isomeric bowl-like {SbW} ligands.

Bisphenol A induces apoptosis and disrupts testosterone synthesis in TM3 cells via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway and autophagic flux inhibition.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common endocrine disruptor chemical that is widely used in the production of food plastic packaging, and it has been shown to potentially harm the reproductive system. However, the specific mechanism by which BPA induces apoptosis of Leydig cells (LCs) and inhibits testosterone synthesis in these cells is unclear. In the present study, TM3 cells were used as an experimental model in combination with a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger (N-acetylcysteine), Caspase-3 inhibitor (Ac-DEVD-CHO), autophagy activator (Torin2), and autophagy inhibitor (Chloroquine) to investigate the potential mechanisms by which BPA causes TM3 cell damage in vitro.

White Matter Imaging Phenotypes Mediate the Negative Causality of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number on Sleep Apnea: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study and Mediation Analysis.

Purpose: Sleep apnea (SA), associated with absent neural output, is characterised by recurrent episodes of hypoxemia and repeated arousals during sleep, resulting in decreased sleep quality and various health complications. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), an easily accessible biomarker in blood, reflects mitochondrial function. However, the causal relationship between mtDNA-CN and SA remains unclear.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cs-HK1 Fungus Exopolysaccharide on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway.

Chronic inflammation is a common factor in the pathological processes of multiple human diseases. EPS-LM, an exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the Cordyceps sinensis fungus Cs-HK1, has shown notable anti-inflammatory activities in previous studies. This study aimed to investigate the major signaling events mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of EPS-LM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.

Collateral lethality: A unique type of synthetic lethality in cancers.

Genetic interactions play crucial roles in cell-essential functions. Intrinsic genetic defects in tumors typically involve gain-of- and loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes, respectively, providing potential antitumor vulnerabilities. Moreover, tumor cells with TSG deficiencies exhibit heightened sensitivity to the inhibition of compensatory pathways.

Pemetrexed and platinum with or without pembrolizumab for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining pemetrexed and platinum with or without pembrolizumab for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web Of Science databases was conducted to identify studies comparing pemetrexed and platinum with or without pembrolizumab in advanced NSCLC. Raw data were extracted from eligible studies to calculate Hazard Ratios (HR) for Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS), as well as rates of adverse events of all grades and those of Grade 3 or higher.

Improvement in Grain Size Distribution Uniformity for Nuclear-Grade Austenitic Stainless Steel through Thermomechanical Treatment.

In this work, thermomechanical treatment (single-pass rolling at 800 °C and solution treatment) was applied to nuclear-grade hot-rolled austenitic stainless steel to eliminate the mixed grain induced by the uneven hot-rolled microstructure. By employing high-temperature laser scanning confocal microscopy, microstructure evolution during solution treatment was observed in situ, and the effect of single-pass rolling reduction on it was investigated. In uneven hot-rolled microstructure, the millimeter-grade elongated grains (MEGs) possessed an extremely large size and a high Schmid factor for slip compared to the fine grains, which led to greater plastic deformation and increased dislocation density and deformation energy storage during single-pass rolling.

Two structurally new Lindqvist hexaniobate-templated silver thiolate clusters.

Two structurally new Lindqvist hexaniobate-templated silver thiolate clusters, [NbO@Ag(PrS)(CHCOO)] (Ag) and (HO)[NbO@AgKSO(HO)(PrS)(CHCOO)] (Ag), were synthesized using a facile one-pot solvothermal approach. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed the presence of a classical Lindqvist-type [NbO] anion template, with PrS and CHCOO surface-protecting ligands in both silver clusters, which can further form two-dimensional Ag assembly and one-dimensional Ag chain packing structures. Both Ag and Ag clusters exhibited intriguing photothermal conversion properties and temperature-dependent emission behavior.

Determination of Pralsetinib in Human Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Background: Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) is widely used for concentration detection of many Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs), including afatinib, crizotinib, and osimertinib. In order to analyze whether pralsetinib takes effect in Rearranged during Transfection (RET)-positive patients with central nervous system metastasis, we aimed to develop a method for the detection of pralsetinib concentrations in human plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) by UPLC-MS/MS.

Methods: The method was developed using the external standard method, and method validation included precision, accuracy, stability, extraction recovery, and matrix effect.

Battery-free, wireless, and electricity-driven soft swimmer for water quality and virus monitoring.

Miniaturized mobile electronic system is an effective candidate for in situ exploration of confined spaces. However, realizing such system still faces challenges in powering issue, untethered mobility, wireless data acquisition, sensing versatility, and integration in small scales. Here, we report a battery-free, wireless, and miniaturized soft electromagnetic swimmer (SES) electronic system that achieves multiple monitoring capability in confined water environments.

Application of synthetic lipid droplets in metabolic diseases.

Background: The study and synthesis of membrane organelles are becoming increasingly important, not only as simplified cellular models for corresponding molecular and metabolic studies but also for applications in synthetic biology of artificial cells and drug delivery vehicles. Lipid droplets (LDs) are central organelles in cellular lipid metabolism and are involved in almost all metabolic processes. Multiple studies have also demonstrated a high correlation between LDs and metabolic diseases.

Honokiol induces apoptosis-like death in Cryptocaryon irritans Tomont.

Background: Cryptocaryon irritans, a common parasite in tropical and subtropical marine teleost fish, has caused serious harm to the marine aquaculture industry. Honokiol was proven to induce C. irritans tomont cytoplasm shrinkage and death in our previous study, but the mechanism by which it works remains unknown.