Fecal immunochemical test surveillance in colorectal cancer following adenoma resection: A longitudinal, population-based linked cohort study in China.

Background: Although the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is widely utilized in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening because of its noninvasive, rapid, and cost-effective characteristics, its effectiveness in post-adenoma resection surveillance remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the benefits of follow-up FIT surveillance in individuals with adenoma resection and to identify risk factors associated with adenoma recurrence.

Methods And Findings: As part of China's National Screening Project, we identified a total of 5,911 individuals who underwent adenoma removal during the first round of CRC screening in Jiashan and Haining between 2006 and 2021.

The effects of three physical modifications on the structural and functional characteristics of soluble dietary fibers: comparison among ultrasound, ball milling and cold plasma treatments.

This work studied three physical modifications, including ultrasound (US), ball-milling (BM), and cold plasma (CP) on Flammulina velutipes soluble dietary fibres (FV-SDF) regarding the structural and functional properties. Interestingly, BM was indicated to cause the most changes in SDF molecular structures among three modifications, refining surface morphology, significantly decreasing molecular weight, and exposing polar functional groups. This contributed to the greatly modified solubility and decreased viscosity of FV-SDF treated by BM that exerted a strong shear force onto SDF.

Synergistic Neuroprotection of Artesunate and Tetramethylpyrazine in Ischemic Stroke, Mechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Preservation.

Artesunate (AS) and tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) have been proven to have therapeutic potential in ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, their synergistic treatment mechanisms and effectiveness remain unclear. A rat MCAO model was induced, and AS, combined with TMP, was administered intranasally to rats once a day for 3 days.

A fluorescent biosensor based on glucose oxidase-DNAzyme/substrate complex synergy for salivary glucose monitoring.

Non-invasive glucose sensing technology exhibits significant clinical potential for continuous diabetes monitoring and early screening in high-risk populations. Herein, we developed a modular fluorescent biosensor for salivary glucose monitoring through synergistic integration of a detection module (glucose oxidase) and a signal transduction module (PL DNAzyme-substrate complex). The sensing system employs a fluorophore/quencher pair-modified PL DNAzyme-substrate complex as a fluorescence switching element.

Improving Tympanoplasty: Transverse External Auditory Canal Flap Advancement.

Objectives: We conducted this study to investigate the clinical outcomes of a new self-created technique for improving tympanoplasty. This technique, called the external auditory canal flap advancement method, aims to treat large tympanic membrane perforations, particularly those without residual edges at the anterior margin.

Methods: We selected 30 patients (50 ears) with large tympanic membrane perforations located in the anterior part of the tympanic membrane without residual edges.

Enhancing CO Photoreduction Efficiency Through Improved Interaction Enabled by a Decorated Covalent-Organic Framework.

Photoreduction of CO is often hindered by the sluggish kinetics for its activation. Refinement of host-guest interactions is an effective strategy to overcome this barrier. Here, we report the immobilization of active Co(II) sites within a covalent-organic framework (COF) with a one-dimensional (1D) chain structure, Co-PyPDA-COF, which demonstrates a remarkable CO generation rate of 30.

Transfersome enhances nail penetration of antifungal drug and photosensitizer for chemo-photodynamic therapy of onychomycosis in a novel rat model.

Onychomycosis is a prevalent nail infection caused by fungi, presenting significant treatment challenges due to poor drug penetration and high recurrence rates. Current treatments, including oral and topical antifungals, often have limited efficacy and can lead to resistance. Transfersomes are lipid vesicles that can penetrate skin for transdermal drug delivery.

An optimization method for hemi-diaphragm measurement of dynamic chest X-ray radiography during respiration based on graphics and diaphragm motion consistency criterion.

Introduction: Existing technologies are at risk of abnormal hemi-diaphragm measurement due to their abnormal morphology caused by lung field deformation during quiet breathing (free respiration or respiratory) interventions in dynamic chest radiography (DCR). To address this issue, an optimization method for hemi-diaphragm measurement is proposed, utilizing graphics and the consistency criterion for diaphragm motion.

Methods: First, Initial hemi-diaphragms are detected based on lung field mask edges of dynamic chest X-ray images abstracted from the DCR at respiratory interventions controlled by the radiologist's instructions.

The microbial metabolite isovaleric acid aggravates gelatinase-mediated periodontal tissue destruction via the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Isovaleric acid, an important short-chain fatty acid, can be generated by subgingival microbial fermentation of a leucine-rich diet, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. This study aimed to explore the impact of isovaleric acid on the destruction of periodontal tissues and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The level of isovaleric acid in the saliva of clinical subjects was measured via mass spectrometry.

Comprehensive machine learning analysis of PANoptosis signatures in multiple myeloma identifies prognostic and immunotherapy biomarkers.

PANoptosis is closely associated with tumorigenesis and therapeutic response, yet its role in multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. This study analyzed bulk transcriptomic and clinical data from the TCGA and GEO databases to identify seven PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) using machine learning (LASSO regression and random forest models) and univariate Cox analysis, and constructed a prognostic risk model. The model demonstrated robust predictive performance across three external validation cohorts.

[Magnetic resonance imaging research progress of hydropic ear disease].

Hydropic ear disease is an otological disease caused by hydrops in the labyrinth of the inner ear membrane. According to the medical history and imaging classification system, it is mainly divided into two types: primary hydropic ear disease and secondary hydropic ear disease. The clinical manifestations vary depending on the anatomical localization of hydrops.

Ultrasound-guided acupotomy release of A1 pulley in the treatment of trigger thumb: A case report.

Rationale: Trigger thumb, characterized by A1 pulley thickening secondary to tendon sheath stenosis, represents a common clinical entity. While multiple therapeutic options exist, ultrasound-guided acupotomy has gained significant clinical adoption in China yet remains inadequately documented in the scientific literature. This study reports a case of trigger thumb managed with ultrasound-guided acupotomy.

Fungal β-glucan instructed miR-32-5p modulates Dectin-1 signaling mediated inflammation, reactive oxygen species and apoptosis through polarization of "M2a-like" macrophage in colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and easy-to-relapse intestinal disease characterized by colon inflammation and microbial dysbiosis. is the most common fungal resident in the human gut. Overgrowth of has been linked to the aggravation of UC.

Protective effects of artesunate on the neurovascular unit by regulating PDGFRβ signaling in experimental cerebral malaria.

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe manifestation of malaria that significantly impacts the central nervous system, and current therapeutic options are inadequate in addressing the associated neurovascular damage. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of artesunate on the neurovascular unit (NVU) in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) by elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved. It demonstrated artesunate significantly reduced parasitemia and improved behavioral and physiological manifestations, and protected the NVU by increasing NeuN-positive neurons and αII-Spectrin and Connexin 43 (CX43) mRNA levels, while decreasing vascular endothelial growth factor α (VEGFα) mRNA and S100β levels.

Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) induces glucose metabolism disorders and ovarian dysfunction in ovarian white follicles of hens.

Energy metabolism is crucial for reproduction, and disturbances in glucose metabolism are closely associated with reproductive disorders. The gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) plays a crucial role in reproduction and glucose homeostasis in both birds and mammals. However, its specific effects on glucose metabolism-associated ovarian dysfunction in hens remain uncharacterized.

SOX12 promotes serine synthesis and tumor progression in endometrial cancer.

Studies have demonstrated that the sex-determining region Y-box 12 (SOX12), a key oncogene, is highly expressed in various tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. Unfortunately, the effect of SOX12 in endometrial cancer (EC) remains unclear. Here, we discovered that SOX12 expression was significantly elevated in EC tissues from advanced-stage patients and patients who died.

Branched-chain amino acids promote gelatinase secretion from human periodontal ligament stem cells through nuclear factor kappa-B signaling.

Objective: To explore the effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on periodontal tissues and regulation of gelatinase secretion by human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs).

Design: The salivary BCAA levels (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) in the clinical participants were measured using mass spectrometry. A local injection model in the periodontium of Sprague Dawley rats was established to investigate the periodontal destruction induced by BCAAs.

Substation Inspection Safety Risk Identification Based on Synthetic Data and Spatiotemporal Action Detection.

During substation inspection, operators are often exposed to hazardous working environments. It is necessary to use visual sensors to determine work status and perform action detection to distinguish between normal and dangerous actions in order to ensure the safety of operators. However, due to information security, privacy protection, and the rarity of dangerous scenarios, there is a scarcity of related visual action datasets.

Presbycusis: Pathology, Signal Pathways, and Therapeutic Strategy.

Presbycusis, also known as age-related hearing loss (ARHL), is a progressive auditory impairment and ranks among the most prevalent sensory disorders in the elderly population. It is primarily caused by damage to hair cells, degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons, and atrophy of the stria vascularis, which are integral components of the cochlea. While extensive research has been devoted to hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, this review focuses on the critical role of the stria vascularis in ARHL.

RNN-Based Full Waveform Inversion for Robust Multi-Parameter Bone Quantitative Imaging.

Background And Objective: The full waveform inversion (FWI) method plays a significant role in bone quantitative imaging. It is shown that even a small deviation in transducer positions can lead to a considerable variation in frequency-domain signals, and result in a marked decline in the performance of frequency-domain full waveform inversion (FDFWI). To address this limitation, a multi-parameter time-domain full waveform inversion algorithm based on a recurrent neural network (RNN-MPTDFWI) is proposed for bone quantitative imaging.

A multi-task neural network for full waveform ultrasonic bone imaging.

Background And Objective: It is a challenging task to use ultrasound for bone imaging, as the bone tissue has a complex structure with high acoustic impedance and speed-of-sound (SOS). Recently, full waveform inversion (FWI) has shown promising imaging for musculoskeletal tissues. However, the FWI showed a limited ability and tended to produce artifacts in bone imaging because the inversion process would be more easily trapped in local minimum for bone tissue with a large discrepancy in SOS distribution between bony and soft tissues.

Correlation of endolymphatic hydrops with clinical characteristics in patients with unilateral Ménière's disease.

Purpose: The development of delayed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the inner ear after intratympanic gadolinium (Gd) injection has allowed the identification of endolymphatic hydrops (EH). We aimed to investigate the correlations between EH and auditory-vestibular clinical symptoms in patients with unilateral Ménière's disease (MD).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 91 patients with definite MD (DMD) and 20 patients with probable MD (PMD) underwent intratympanic injection Gd-enhanced MRI of the inner ear.

Two-Dimensional Fully Compensated Ferrimagnetism.

Antiferromagnetic spintronics has long been a subject of intense research interest, and the recent introduction of altermagnetism has further ignited enthusiasm in the field. However, fully compensated ferrimagnetism, which exhibits band spin splitting but zero net magnetization, has yet to receive enough attention. Since the experimental preparation of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic van der Waals (vdW) materials in 2017, 2D magnetic materials, thanks to their super tunability, have quickly become an important playground for spintronics.