Physics-informed neural network for hydraulic prediction in open-channel water transfer projects with sparse monitoring data.

Open-channel water transfer projects play a crucial role in addressing regional water supply-demand imbalances, and real-time, comprehensive, and accurate acquisition of their hydrodynamic spatiotemporal evolution is essential for ensuring safety and efficiency of water conveyance and optimizing scheduling strategies. While hydraulic monitoring systems and numerical simulations are potential solutions, the former struggles to balance the number of monitoring points with cost constraints to achieve comprehensive and economically feasible measurements, and the latter requires clear boundary conditions and key parameters that often pose challenges in practical scenarios. This paper presents a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN)-based method applied to predicting hydraulic transients in open channels, incorporating sparse monitoring data and physical laws.

Sub-ppb Methane Detection via EMD-Wavelet Adaptive Thresholding in Wavelength Modulation TDLAS: A Hybrid Denoising Approach for Trace Gas Sensing.

Wavelength modulation-tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (WM-TDLAS) is a critical tool for gas detection. However, noise in second harmonic signals degrades detection performance. This study presents a hybrid denoising algorithm combining Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and wavelet adaptive thresholding to enhance WM-TDLAS performance.

Direct photoluminescence tuning via enzyme/nano-substrate interaction: A mechanism study and analytical applications.

While the facile photoluminescence (PL) tuning of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) permits their versatile analytical applications, including enzyme activity assays, the reliance on indirect CQDs-enzyme interaction mediated by catalytic reaction substrates or products compromises the assay reliability. Herein, understanding the urgency for developing a direct CQDs/enzyme interaction dyad, we synthesized phosphate-functionalized CQDs (CQDs-P) and characterized their chemical and optical responses to alkaline phosphatase (AKP). The PL of CQDs-P is composed of a weak edge-state emission and a dominant core-state emission.

Integrated machine learning identifies disulfidptosis-related and ferroptosis-related genes to evaluate survival prognosis and treatment efficacy in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Ferroptosis and disulfidptosis, two programmed cell death pathways, critically drive tumor growth by affecting metastasis. Although the prognostic value of disulfidptosis and ferroptosis had been separately validated in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), prognostic effect of integrating two programmed death genes remains unclear in KIRC. Our objective is to establish an innovative prognostic model for KIRC.

Construction of a Machine Learning-Based Clopidogrel Resistance Risk Prediction Model.

Clopidogrel is extensively utilized for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and other arterial circulation disorders attributed to platelet hyperaggregation. Nevertheless, its antiplatelet efficacy displays substantial individual variability and unpredictability. Our aim was to develop a machine learning model based on clinical data, incorporating various laboratory indicators, to predict the risk of clopidogrel resistance in clinical patients.

MiR-21-5p promotes RPE cell necroptosis by targeting Peli1 in a rat model of AMD.

Nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and photoreceptors, resulting in central vision loss. The disease is primarily marked by the accumulation of drusen and RPE atrophy. Given the emerging role of miR-21-5p in various ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, pterygium, and choroidal neovascularization, we hypothesized that miR-21-5p may also impact RPE cell integrity in AMD.

Hydroxyl-tunable type I photosensitizer based on curcumin for photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumor cells.

The development of effective approaches to design type-I photosensitizers is of great importance due to their less oxygen content dependency. In this work, we report a simple strategy for the preparation of type-I photosensitizer (CNOH) by introducing two hydroxyl groups into the type-II photosensitizer (CN). Hydroxyl is not only an electron-donating group but can also form hydrogen bonds, affecting the energy levels and polarity of the photosensitizer.

Multifunctional Untethered Soft Machines Driven by 4D Printed Electrically Responsive Actuators.

Untethered robots, compared with their tethered counterparts, may bring enhanced autonomy. It is highly desirable to engineer multifunctional, lightweight, rapid, and low-voltage driven untethered soft robots that have enhanced adaptability and safer interaction capabilities. Here we present an untethered soft robot by a smart integration of 4D printed liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) actuators with the associated electronics.

Acupoint injection and electrical stimulation for postoperative nausea and vomiting: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone injection into the Neiguan acupoint combined with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery.

Study Design: This trial included 160 patients aged between 18 and 65 years who underwent gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Participants were assigned at random to one of four groups - the acupoint injection (AI) + TEAS group, AI group, TEAS group or control group - in a 1:1:1:1 ratio.

Comparison Between Erector Spinae Plane Block at T9 Level and Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia and Recovery in Patients with Obesity Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Effective postoperative analgesia is essential for recovery after bariatric surgery. This study examines whether T9 erector spinae plane (ESP) block provides better analgesia and recovery than subcostal transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods: Patients undergoing LSG were randomized to receive either ESP or TAP blocks.

Magnetic relaxation switching sensor based on self-generated porous FeO with controllable apparent diffusion coefficient for highly sensitive detection of caffeine.

Magnetic relaxation switch (MRS) sensors based on magnetic nanoparticles have received much attention in the field of environmental monitoring due to their rapid response and resistance to complex matrix interference. However, conventional MRS (cMRS) sensors constructed using magnetic nanoparticles have low sensitivity due to the lower relaxation rate of the magnetic probe. In this study, self-generated porous FeO were employed in the MRS sensors for detection of caffeine, and the regulation of transverse relaxation performance by porous structure has been explored.

A Task- and Role-Oriented Design Method for Multi-User Collaborative Interfaces.

In multi-user collaborative interaction systems, the interface serves not only as a medium for human-computer interaction but also as a crucial channel for communication between users. Consequently, the quality of collaborative interface design directly impacts the overall effectiveness of the system. In collaborative systems, different users typically assume distinct roles, and task flows are typically more complex.

Axial length as a predictor of myopic macular degeneration: a meta-analysis and clinical study.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between axial length (AL) and the severity of myopic macular degeneration (MMD).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases from their inception until October 1, 2023, to identify population-based or hospital-based studies reporting AL across different grades of MMD. Only studies employing the International Photographic Classification and Grading System for Myopic Maculopathy (META-PM) were included.

Discovery of Naphthyridinone Derivatives as Selective and Potent PKMYT1 Inhibitors with Antitumor Efficacy.

PKMYT1 is a crucial regulator of the cell cycle, particularly involved in the G2/M transition through the inhibitory phosphorylation of CDK1, and is a promising therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Data mining in the Roche kinome screen database identified a hit characterized by 100% PKMYT1 inhibitory activity at a 10 μM concentration, which was further validated with a PKMYT1 enzymatic assay showing double-digit nanomolar potency. The hit featured a quinolinone central core and a phenol headgroup.

Changes in the network structure of energy markets and financial markets under the different shocks of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and COVID-19.

Employing the quantile coherency method, we analyze the different impacts of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the global shock caused by COVID-19 on energy and stock markets, highlighting how market behaviors varied under these two crises. The findings reveal that natural gas performed better than oil during the pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict in the short and medium term. In contrast, oil outperforms natural gas over the long term.

First-principles methods for unraveling the structure-catalytic activity relationship and mechanism of δ-MnO-supported metal cluster catalysts in ambient temperature benzene to CO degradation.

Benzene, a volatile cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is frequently discharged into the environment and poses serious threats to human health. However, the effective degradation of benzene at low temperatures remains a formidable challenge in the field of environmental remediation. In this study, a series of 49 catalyst samples, spanning from single atoms to trimers and tetramers, supported on δ-MnO were meticulously constructed by employing the density functional theory (DFT) method.

Ancient origin of an urban underground mosquito.

Understanding how life is adapting to urban environments represents an important challenge in evolutionary biology. Here we investigate a widely cited example of urban adaptation, form , also known as the London Underground Mosquito. Population genomic analysis of ~350 contemporary and historical samples counter the popular hypothesis that originated belowground in London less than 200 years ago.

Multidimensional patterns of bird diversity and its driving forces in the Yangtze River Basin of China.

Biodiversity is fundamental to human well-being and economic development. The Yangtze River, the largest river in China, faces biodiversity loss due to habitat degradation, climate change, and other anthropogenic threats. However, the long-term changes in the region's biodiversity remain poorly understood.

The PI4K2A gene positively regulates lipid synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells and attenuates the inhibitory effect of t10,c12-CLA on lipid synthesis.

Currently, the identification of valuable candidate genes affecting milk fat synthesis in dairy cows is still limited, and the specific regulatory mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we used primary bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMECs)as a model and utilized overexpression and knockdown techniques for the PI4K2A gene to investigate the specific mechanisms by which it regulates lipid metabolism in BMECs. We studied whether PI4K2A regulates the inhibition of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) on lipid synthesis in BMECs.

Accumulation and depuration of 4,5-dihydro-KmTx2 from Karlodinium veneficum in the bivalves, Mercenaria mercenaria and Sinonovacula constricta.

Bivalves (e.g., clams, oysters, mussels, scallops) are a significant part of the global diet and are harvested for their nutritional value, but as filter feeders they are susceptible to the accumulation of toxins produced by certain species of phytoplankton.

Goat Milk Protein-Derived ACE Inhibitory Peptide SLPQ Exerts Hypertension Alleviation Effects Partially by Regulating the Inflammatory Stress of Endothelial Cells.

Hypertension has always posed a severe threat to people's health. Food-derived angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides have the potential to both prevent and treat hypertension. In the current investigation, two ACE-inhibitory peptides (SLPQ and PYVRYL) from goat milk were studied for their endothelial effects using EA.

Tenascin-C induces transdifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelial cells in proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Proliferation and transdifferentiation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are hallmarks of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR); however, the critical regulators of this process remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of tenascin-C in PVR development. In vitro, exposure of human ARPE-19 (hRPE) cells to TGF-β2 increased tenascin-C expression.