Suppression of Spin-Orbit Torque Switching by the Magnetic Proximity Effect.

Functional magnetic multilayers are particularly interesting for enabling many emerging spintronic physics, including spin-orbit torque (SOT), magnetic proximity effect (MPE), and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), among many others. A comprehension of these spintronic phenomena is vital for the development of advanced spintronic materials and devices. Here, we investigate the interplay between the MPE and the current-induced SOT switching in the perpendicularly magnetized Pt/[Co/Pd] multilayers (with being the number of repetitions).

Development of a monoclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA for detection and quantification of the major cat allergen Fel d 1.

Felis domesticus allergen 1 (Fel d 1), the primary allergen produced by cats, is a key trigger of various allergic symptoms in humans, such as rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma. In this study, a recombinant Fel d 1 protein composed of chain 2 and chain 1 was successfully produced in E. coli, based on a previously reported fusion construct that closely approximates the native allergen.

Lifecycles of Cochrane Systematic Reviews (2003-2024): A Bibliographic Study.

Background And Objectives: The relevance of Cochrane systematic reviews depends on timely completion and updates. This study aimed to empirically assess the lifecycles of Cochrane reviews published from 2003 to 2024, including transitions from protocol to review, update patterns, and withdrawals.

Methods: We extracted data from Cochrane Library publications between 2003 and 2024.

Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Metaverse Era: A Review on Models and Applications.

The Metaverse is a decentralized, immersive 3-dimensional virtual environment that merges the physical and virtual worlds, fundamentally transforming digital interaction and garnering widespread attention. However, its primary platforms face challenges such as low-quality content and underdeveloped virtual environments, leading to a subpar user experience. Artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC) has emerged as a key driver in Metaverse development, enabling the efficient and cost-effective creation of digital content.

Identification and mechanistic insights of ubiquitin-proteasome system and pyroptosis-related biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Pyroptosis and ubiquitination have been identified as key processes influencing the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Aim: To investigate the genes associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and pyroptosis in type 2 DM (T2DM), and elucidate their mechanisms of action in T2DM.

Methods: The datasets GSE76894, GSE41762, and GSE86469 were utilized in this study.

The impact of household solid fuel use on depression trajectories in middle-aged and older adults: Findings from a longitudinal study in China.

Background: The global burden of mental disorders, particularly depression, is on the rise. Attention has been paid to the effect of outdoor air pollution on depression, but research on the harm of indoor air pollution remains limited, especially the change of depression status. In addition, the comorbidity of pain and depression is more noteworthy.

Lactate alleviates early brain damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage: Regulation of lipid metabolism.

This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of lactate in subarachnoid hemorrhage, a severe cerebrovascular disease that is commonly caused by arterial aneurysm rupture and has limited early treatment options. Lactate, a metabolic byproduct, has been shown to have neuroprotective properties, including enhancing cerebral microcirculation and reducing intracranial pressure in acute brain injury patients. However, the protective mechanisms of lactate in subarachnoid hemorrhage remain unknown.

The relationship between air pollution and dementia in mood disorders: The moderating role of sleep patterns-- A prospective study from the UK Biobank.

Purpose: This study aims to quantify dementia risk in mood disorder patients, to examine the association between air pollution and dementia risk, and to assess whether sleep patterns incorporating five specific sleep behaviors modifies this relationship.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 459,635 individuals from the UK Biobank, 46,256 mood disorder patients at baseline; of those, 1494 developed dementia during follow-up. Air pollution exposure (PM, PM, PM, NO, and NO) was estimated using land-use regression models.

Off-axis angle-induced anisotropy in second harmonic generation of hexagonal SiC/SiO heterostructures.

Defects at semiconductor heterointerfaces significantly degrade device performance, necessitating precise characterization. This study investigates second harmonic generation (SHG) anisotropy in off-axis hexagonal SiC/SiO heterostructures to address this challenge. We develop a stratified model integrating nonlinear optical properties and geometric parameters (off-axis/azimuthal angles, polarization) to quantify SHG responses.

Development of a Colloidal Gold-Based Immunochromatographic Strip Targeting the Nucleoprotein for Rapid Detection of Canine Distemper Virus.

Canine distemper, a fatal and highly transmissible disease caused by the canine distemper virus (CDV), poses a major threat to the companion animal industry. An urgent need exists for a rapid, specific, and simple method for the detection of this disease in order to improve its prevention and control. In this research, two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 1D3E9 and 1H9B7, were prepared, both of which specifically recognize the nucleoprotein (N protein) of CDV, and an immunochromatographic assay for CDV detection was subsequently developed using these mAbs.

The necessity and challenges of human papillomavirus testing for men.

Beyond its historical association with cervical cancer in women, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection poses a widespread health concern, particularly for men. Recent studies have highlighted the prevalence of HPV-related cancers, including penile and anal cancers, among the male population, making the case for male HPV testing all the more compelling. The potential for cross-infection between sexual partners underscores the need for comprehensive screening strategies.

A weakly-supervised oriented object detector : Knowledge-based dropblock and unified regression network.

Object detection in remote sensing images (RSIs) is facilitated by oriented bounding boxes, yet rotated boxes (RBoxes) are typically more labor-intensive than horizontal boxes (HBoxes). Consequently, there is a tendency in most research to explore HBox-based weakly-supervised detectors with self-supervised constraints on spatial transformations. However, such weakly-supervised networks for HBoxes tend to focus on the most discriminative parts of objects, which can adversely affect the network's location accuracy.

Circadian rhythms of gut microbiota and plaque vulnerability: mechanisms and chrono-microbiota modulation interventions.

The stability of atherosclerotic plaques constitutes the fundamental pathological basis for acute cardiovascular events, and their circadian rhythm characteristics highlight the essential role of dynamic interactions between the host and microorganisms. This review systematically elucidates the multifaceted mechanisms by which disruptions in the circadian rhythm of the gut microbiota contribute to plaque destabilization. Specifically, the microbiota modulates endothelial function, immune homeostasis, and vascular inflammation via rhythmic variations in metabolites.

Nup93-Mediated RNA Alternative Splicing Associated With Diabetic Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis, a life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), significantly increases the mortality risk among diabetic patients. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) not only constitute the core of atherosclerotic lesions but also serve as primary components of plaques. Although diabetes expedites this transformation process, the specific mechanism remains elusive.

Determinants of functional cure in interferon-treated chronic hepatitis B: a retrospective cohort analysis of HBsAg dynamics and clinical predictors.

Background And Objectives: Functional cure of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is the optimal goal of antiviral therapy. This study evaluates the functional cure rates in a large cohort treated with interferon (IFNα) and explores baseline predictors to optimize personalized treatment strategies.

Methods: This retrospective study included CHB patients treated with IFN monotherapy or IFN combined with nucleos(t)ide analogs at Beijing You'an Hospital from 2008 to 2023.

[Review on the Safety of Heavy Metals During Land Utilization of Municipal Sludge after Composting].

The leaching and release of heavy metals in municipal sludge pose critical constraints on the land utilization of municipal sludge after composting. To comprehensively understand the safety of heavy metals during land utilization of municipal sludge after composting， in this work， the heavy metal content levels of typical municipal sludge in China were summarized； the changes in the total amount， valence， and speciation forms of different types of heavy metals before and after composting were analyzed； and the short-term and long-term environmental behavior patterns of heavy metals after the application of municipal sludge composting products were reviewed. The mean concentrations of As， Cd， Cr， Cu， Hg， Ni， Pb， and Zn in municipal sludge in China were 21.

Causal relationship between nitrogen dioxide and the risk of Parkinson's disease: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study.

Several recent observational studies have found associations between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the causal relationship between them remains unclear. Our objective is to employ a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to determine the causal effect of NO2 exposure on the risk of PD. MR analyses were performed using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data on NO2 exposure (n = 456,380) and PD GWAS data (33,674 cases and 449,056 controls).

Low-Voltage Graphene Interface-Engineered Organic Ferroelectric Tunnel Junction Devices.

It has been indicated that the path forward for the widespread usage of ferroelectric () materials may be considerably facilitated through the reduction of programming voltages to on-chip logic-compatible values of <1 V. Obstacles involve issues related to the scaling of the s to lower thickness as well as the presence of an interfacial layer (IL) between the high-permittivity and the substrate- resulting in voltage across the IL. Here, we show how lower operating voltages along with a higher tunneling electroresistance (TER) could be achieved through IL engineering.

Z-scheme MIL-88A(Fe)/LaFeO heterostructured photocatalyst: Boosting photo-Fenton activity for enhanced organic pollutant detoxification.

A series of MIL-88A(Fe)/LaFeO were prepared by mechanical ball-milling method for boosted photo-Fenton ofloxacin (OFX) degradation under visible light irradiation. The optimized M160L40/photo-Fenton system accomplished complete degradation of 5.0 mg/L OFX within 10 min, attributed to synergistic enhancement of mass transfer efficiency and photogenerated carriers separation.

A Task- and Role-Oriented Design Method for Multi-User Collaborative Interfaces.

In multi-user collaborative interaction systems, the interface serves not only as a medium for human-computer interaction but also as a crucial channel for communication between users. Consequently, the quality of collaborative interface design directly impacts the overall effectiveness of the system. In collaborative systems, different users typically assume distinct roles, and task flows are typically more complex.

[Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibodies against cat allergen Fel d 1].

Objective Currently, there is no commercially available quantitative detection kit for the main Felis domestic allergen (Fel d 1) in China. To establish a rapid detection method for Fel d 1, this study aims to prepare monoclonal antibodies against Fel d 1 protein. Methods The codon preference of Escherichia coli was utilized to optimize and synthesize the Fel d 1 gene.

Sleep and prosocial behaviors among young preschoolers: The mediating role of cognitive empathy.

Study Objectives: Prosocial behaviors in early childhood predicts future mental health and academic achievements, and its development relies on socio-emotional cognition, such as capacity of cognitive empathy. Vital for early brain development, several studies have revealed the relations between early childhood sleep and prosocial behaviors, while the underlying mechanism remains unexplored. The current study aims to investigate the sleep-prosocial association in a large preschool population, and examined the mediative role of cognitive empathy.

The interference of baicalein with uric acid detected by the enzymatic method and its correction method.

In recent years, the frequency of clinical application and international recognition of Chinese herbal medicines have been increasing, but the effect of Chinese herbal medicines on common clinical biochemical tests is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of baicalein, a Chinese herbal medicine ingredient, on uric acid (UA), cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and to alleviate the interference of baicalein on these assays by improving the reagent. The interferences of baicalein during the detection of these five analytes were investigated on the Hitachi 7600 system.

Liver function differences in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a multi-ethnic dual-cohort retrospective study.

Background And Aims: Liver function plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Exploring the potential associations between liver function assessment indicators and ASCVD is essential for understanding the liver's involvement in ASCVD pathogenesis. However, the specific relationships between these indicators and ASCVD are still debated.

Engineered endoplasmic reticulum-targeting nanodrugs with Piezo1 inhibition and promotion of cell uptake for subarachnoid hemorrhage inflammation repair.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening acute hemorrhagic cerebrovascular condition, often presenting with severe headaches caused by intracranial hypertension, which in severe cases can lead to brain herniation. Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel protein whose mechanical properties are closely linked to central nervous system diseases. In this study, we developed an engineered endoplasmic reticulum membrane-based nanomedicine (CAQKERM@GsMTx4) using HEK293T cells, aimed at targeted delivery to acute hemorrhagic regions, rapid absorption, and precise inhibition of Piezo1 therapy.