Mutations in BrRBM25 encoding an RNA binding motif protein cause premature bolting in Chinese cabbage.

Bolting is an important agronomic character, and premature bolting leads to insufficient leafy head, which further affects the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. In this study, two allelic early-bolting mutants ebm11-1 and ebm11-2 were isolated from a Chinese cabbage DH line 'FT' by EMS-mutagenesis. Genetic analysis showed that a single recessive nuclear gene controlled the mutant traits of these two mutants.

Mechanically reconfigurable frequency selective surface inspired by rotating Kirigami.

In this paper, a mechanically reconfigurable frequency selective surface (RFSS) based on a rotating Kirigami structure is proposed. The proposed RFSS consists of two parts: a rotating Kirigami substrate and a conductive ring adhered to the substrate. The resonant frequencies of the RFSS are tuned by adjusting the angle between the squares of the rotating Kirigami substrate.

Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are double-edged swords in Salmonella infection.

Salmonella contains a group of serovars, which are more than just enteropathogenic bacteria but dangerous pathogens causing systemic infection of human, livestock, and poultry. As an innate immune response, inflammation induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) production from host cells in response to Salmonella infection. Generally, ROS and RNS are regarded as bactericidal substances for their ability to oxidize and modify the bacterial biomolecules including proteins, DNA, RNA, lipids, etc.

Difference between estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin c versus creatinine and risk of hypertension: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: The impact of the difference between cystatin C- and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRdiff) on hypertension remains unknown. We investigated the association of eGFRdiff and the risk of developing hypertension.

Methods: A total of 3628 participants without hypertension at baseline in 2011 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were enrolled.

OsbZIP83-OsCOMT15 module confers melatonin-ameliorated cold tolerance in rice.

Cold stress is one of the most common abiotic stresses, and melatonin (Mel) is involved in the regulation of plant cold tolerance. However, the detailed mechanism underlying Mel-mediated cold tolerance remains largely unknown. Here, we reveal that caffeic acid O-methyltransferase 15 (OsCOMT15) is cold-responsive (COR) and acts as a key modulator of Mel biosynthesis to enhance rice cold tolerance at the seedling stage.

Reappraisal of adverse obstetric outcomes independently associated with contemporary fertility treatment practices: a US prospective cohort study.

Background: Obstetric complications linked to assisted reproductive technology could be confounded by underlying parental factors and were often derived from databases not designed to study these complications. With evolving assisted reproductive technology practices, it is unclear to what extent contemporary assisted reproductive technology independently contributes to obstetric risks.

Objective: We aimed to prospectively evaluate obstetric risks associated with contemporary fertility practices, adjusting for parental and assisted reproductive technology parameters.

Off-axis angle-induced anisotropy in second harmonic generation of hexagonal SiC/SiO heterostructures.

Defects at semiconductor heterointerfaces significantly degrade device performance, necessitating precise characterization. This study investigates second harmonic generation (SHG) anisotropy in off-axis hexagonal SiC/SiO heterostructures to address this challenge. We develop a stratified model integrating nonlinear optical properties and geometric parameters (off-axis/azimuthal angles, polarization) to quantify SHG responses.

Application of PBL in combination with the SP teaching method in the clinical teaching of orthopedics and traumatology.

Background: Standardized training for orthopedic and traumatology residents is a crucial component of postgraduate medical education. Traditional teaching methods, such as Lecture-Based Learning (LBL), often fail to stimulate student initiative and clinical thinking. To address this, our study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a combined Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Standardized Patients (SP) teaching method in enhancing the clinical skills and self-learning abilities of orthopedic residents.

Orthopedic Implant Infection Management: Prevention, Barrier Breakthrough, and Immunomodulation.

The widespread use of biomedical implants has led to a surge in implant-associated infections, particularly in orthopedic applications, where biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and immune dysregulation synergistically exacerbate therapeutic challenges, increasing patient morbidity and healthcare burdens. This review delineates the pathogenic mechanisms, especially for , underpinning microbial persistence in orthopedic implant infections. Key mechanisms include biofilm-mediated physical barrier formation, abscesses, invasion of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network, and immune evasion that shield pathogens from antimicrobial agents and host defenses.

Electroantennographic response and odorant-binding protein expression alterations induced by host plant volatiles in (Hampson).

Athetis dissimilis is one of the main pests affecting crops, and is currently managed through chemical control methods. Plant volatiles can stimulate insects to feed and lay eggs. The investigation of plant volatiles and the development of effective attractants are essential for sustainable pest control.

An innovative compound that promotes oral wound healing via mobilizing gingival mesenchymal stem cell homing.

Oral wound healing is a complex biological process involving inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) play a crucial role in this process due to their regenerative potential and immunomodulatory properties. This study investigated whether Purpurolide C (PC), a fungal-derived bioactive compound, could promote oral wound healing by promoting the migratory ability of GMSCs.

Role of gut microbiota in neuroinflammation: a focus on perioperative neurocognitive disorders.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), including postoperative delirium, preoperatively cognitive impairment, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and delayed neurocognitive recovery, represent common complications following anesthesia and surgery, especially in the elderly. As the global population ages, PND is receiving increasing attention due to its prolonged the hospitalization, reduced quality of life and elevated mortality rate. A growing body of evidence has been suggested that the gut-brain axis, a communication system between the gut microbiota and the neuroinflammation, plays a critical role in the development and progression of cognitive impairment.

A Prediction Model of Stable Warfarin Doses in Patients After Mechanical Heart Valve Replacement Based on a Machine Learning Algorithm.

Background: The narrow therapeutic range of warfarin, alongside the response of numerous influencing factors and significant inter-individual variability, presents major challenges for personalized medication. This study aimed to combine clinical and genetic characteristics with machine learning (ML) algorithms to develop and validate a model for predicting stable warfarin doses in patients from Northern China after mechanical heart valve replacement surgery.

Methods: This study included patients who underwent mechanical heart valve replacement surgery at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 2021 and January 2024 and achieved a stable warfarin maintenance dose.

Insights to micropsoridia Nosema bombycis congenital infection and host immune responses in the embryo and larva stages of silkworms.

Unlabelled: Microsporidia are a group of intracellular and unicellular eukaryotic parasites, which can nearly infect all animals, including human beings. As the first identified microsporidia, is a world-wide threat for silkworm eggs production, it can cause the congenital infection transovarial transmission. It is important for pathogenesis elucidation to unravel the molecular characteristics of proliferation and host immune responses to the congenital infection in embryo and larva stage.

Effects of low-frequency and high-frequency electroacupuncture pretreatment on the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 pathway in a rat model of cold-coagulation dysmenorrhea.

Unlabelled: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to a condition in which women experience cyclic lower abdominal pain, often accompanied by lower back pain, and even severe pain and fainting around menstruation, significantly affecting daily activities and work. Inflammatory factors such as prostaglandins PGF2α, PGE2, and COX-2 play key roles in the pathological mechanisms of PD. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and hormonal contraceptives are the first-line treatments for dysmenorrhea; however, they have significant side effects.

A Rat Model of Hyperoxia-Induced White Matter Injury.

Background: Preterm infants are commonly exposed to hyperoxia, which can induce hyperoxia-induced white matter injury (WMI), commonly resulting in cognitive deficits. Existing neonatal rat models of WMI show significant variability. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a reliable rat model of hyperoxia-induced WMI.

Role of Masticatory Force in Modulating Jawbone Immunity and Bone Homeostasis: A Review.

Mastication exerts a significant influence on both the structural and immunological environment of the jawbone. The mechanical stress generated during chewing initiates bone remodeling through the coordinated activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, with these processes being modulated by immune cell responses. This review summarizes the interaction between masticatory forces and jawbone immunity, focusing on key mechanisms such as mechanotransduction in osteocytes, macrophage polarization, and the activation of T cells.

Quality Dynamics of Beef Bottom Round During 2-Month Frozen Storage (-18 °C) and Week-Long Refrigeration (4 °C).

: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of frozen (-18 °C) and refrigerated (4 °C) storage conditions on several beef bottom round quality parameters. : Fresh beef bottom round samples were stored under both frozen (-18 °C) and refrigerated (4 °C) conditions. For frozen samples, the pH, color, cooking loss, thawing loss, centrifugal loss, drip loss, moisture content, shear force, TBARS and TPA were measured at 0, 30 and 60 days.

Refining Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy: The Role of Renal Artery Resistive Index.

Rationale And Objectives: Accurate differentiation between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients is crucial for effective management. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound, particularly the renal artery resistive index (RRI), in distinguishing DN from NDRD in T2DM patients with early to mid-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 164 T2DM patients with renal disease who underwent renal biopsy.

Thrombus Size Matters: A Risk Assessment Model for Predicting Pulmonary Embolism in Isolated Distal Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Rationale And Objectives: Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT) is an insidious condition that can lead to pulmonary embolism (PE). This study aimed to develop and validate a risk assessment model based on thrombus size and patient characteristics to predict the risk of concomitant PE in IDDVT patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 494 IDDVT patients was conducted, divided into a derivation cohort (n=398) and a validation cohort (n=96).

YTHDC1 promotes postnatal brown adipose tissue development and thermogenesis by stabilizing PPARγ.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a vital role in non-shivering thermogenesis and energy metabolism and is influenced by factors like environmental temperature, ageing, and obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms behind BAT development and thermogenesis are not fully understood. Our study identifies the mA reader protein YTHDC1 as a crucial regulator of postnatal interscapular BAT development and energy metabolism in mice.

Ultrasound-responsive release of CD39 inhibitor overcomes adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an exceptionally aggressive subtype of breast cancer, is characterized by a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Although immunotherapy has shown promise for the treatment of TNBC, the immunosuppressive accumulation of adenosine (ADO) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to immune evasion and tumor progression. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel ultrasound-responsive liposomal system (BFPL) designed to inhibit ADO production and enhance the effectiveness of sonoimmunotherapy.

Immunomodulatory mechanism of Huangqi-Guizhi-Wuwu Decoction in alleviating autoimmune arthritis based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of childhood autoimmune arthritis. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction (HGWD), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, is widely used in China to treat patients with autoimmune arthritis. However, the bioactive ingredients and their complex regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Recent Advances in Drug Development for Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairments such as memory loss and executive dysfunction. The primary pathological features of AD include the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins leading to neurofibrillary tangles, disruptions of neuronal and synaptic functions, and chronic inflammatory responses. These multifactorial interactions drive disease progression.