Folate-modified liposomes for co-delivery of schisandrin A and oxaliplatin to enhance colorectal cancer cell death.

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant threat to human life. Immunotherapy has emerged as an efficacious treatment against CRC. However, it is hindered by the challenge of inadequate immunogenicity.

A Framework Integrating GWAS and Genomic Selection to Enhance Prediction Accuracy of Economical Traits in Common Carp.

Common carp () is one of the most significant fish species worldwide, with its natural distribution spanning Europe and Asia. To conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and compare the prediction accuracy of genomic selection (GS) models for the growth traits of common carp in spring and autumn at 2 years of age, a total of 325 carp individuals were re-sequenced and phenotypic measurements were taken. Three GWAS methods (FarmCPU, GEMMA, and GLM) were applied and their performance was evaluated in conjunction with various GS models, using significance levels based on -values.

Stabilizing Zn Metal Anode via an Innovative Cu-MOF/Carbon Cloth Ion-Buffering Layer.

The performance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries is frequently hindered by anode-related issues such as uncontrolled dendrite formation and side reactions. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), characterized by their highly ordered porous structures, remarkably large specific surface areas, and tunable active sites, offer a promising solution by regulating Zn flux and promoting uniform Zn deposition. In this study, a Cu-MOF was synthesized in situ on carbon cloth (CM-C) and functioned as an ion-buffering layer within the battery.

Modified CEUS LI-RADS With Perfluorobutane in Patients at High-Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (CEUS LI-RADS) 2017 version is based on pure-blood pool contrast agent, potentially unsuitable for perfluorobutane contrast agent with the Kupffer phase. This article aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of unmodified CEUS LI-RADS and modified CEUS LI-RADS using perfluorobutane for hepatocellular carcinoma by integrating published and original data from three medical centers. Comparison between unmodified and modified CEUS LI-RADS with perfluorobutane involved ranking the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and superiority index (SI) using an ANOVA arm-based model.

scSAGRN: Inferring gene regulatory networks from single-cell multi-omics using spatial association.

Identifying the regulatory relationships between transcription factors and target genes is fundamental to understanding molecular regulatory mechanisms in biological processes including development and disease occurrence. Therefore, resolving the relationships between cis-regulatory elements and genes using single-cell multi-omics data is important for understanding transcriptional regulation. Here, scSAGRN is proposed as a framework for inferring gene regulatory networks from single-cell multi-omics.

SPACE: Subregion Perfusion Analysis for Comprehensive Evaluation of Breast Tumor Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound-A Retrospective and Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Objective: To develop a dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-based method for segmenting tumor perfusion subregions, quantifying tumor heterogeneity, and constructing models for distinguishing benign from malignant breast tumors.

Methods: This retrospective-prospective cohort study analyzed CEUS videos of patients with breast tumors from four academic medical centers between September 2015 and October 2024. Pixel-based time-intensity curve (TIC) perfusion variables were extracted, followed by the generation of perfusion heterogeneity maps through cluster analysis.

Ciprofloxacin disrupts testosterone synthesis in mice via downregulating StAR expression through NR4A1 pathway.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a synthetic third-generation quinolone antimicrobial agent with broad-spectrum bactericidal activity and widely used in human and veterinary medicine. Some studies have shown that quinolone antibiotics are endocrine disruptors, but the effect of early-life exposure to CIP on testosterone production remains unclear. Using adolescent male C57BL/6 J mice (n = 6 per group) exposed to CIP (1-75 mg/kg) for 30 days, combined with in vitro models of mouse testicular cells (TM3, TM4, GC-2spd), this study investigated the toxic effects of CIP on testosterone synthesis.

Construction and evaluation of pH-sensitive nanoparticles with resveratrol release to trigger the immunogenic cell death in colon cancer cellsin vitro.

Colon cancer (CC) is a major global health menace, with its progression linked to immune cell activity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). A nanocarrier-based drug immunotherapy can effectively treat CC while reducing the toxicity of drug delivery systems. Here, a strategy for delivering antitumor agents to trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells was demonstrated, enhancing the treatment of CC.

Enhancing Zn Metal Anode Stability via TiCT MXene/PEI Composite Coating.

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage application owing to their high capacity, good safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the presence of active water leads to issues such as corrosion, dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution reaction on Zn metal anodes, severely limiting the cycle lifetime and reversibility of AZIBs. To address these challenges, this study introduces a simple drop-casting method to deposit a composite protective coating of 2D titanium carbide (TiCT) MXene and polyethyleneimine (PEI) on the surface of Zn foil, i.

Ultrasound-responsive release of CD39 inhibitor overcomes adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an exceptionally aggressive subtype of breast cancer, is characterized by a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Although immunotherapy has shown promise for the treatment of TNBC, the immunosuppressive accumulation of adenosine (ADO) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to immune evasion and tumor progression. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel ultrasound-responsive liposomal system (BFPL) designed to inhibit ADO production and enhance the effectiveness of sonoimmunotherapy.

Short-term exposure to ciprofloxacin and microplastic leads to intrahepatic cholestasis, while long-term exposure decreases energy metabolism and increases the risk of obesity.

Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics are pervasive pollutants that may pose a risk to human health. Studies have shown that both MPs and antibiotics adversely affect lipid metabolism and increase the risk of obesity. However, it remains unclear whether combined exposure to these pollutants intensify the cumulative detrimental effect on obesity and metabolism.

A multi-view graph convolutional network framework based on adaptive adjacency matrix and multi-strategy fusion mechanism for identifying spatial domains.

Motivation: Spatial transcriptomics (ST) addresses the loss of spatial context in single-cell RNA-sequencing by simultaneously capturing gene expression and spatial location information. A critical task of ST is the identification of spatial domains. However, challenges such as high noise levels and data sparsity make the identification process more difficult.

Bioinformatics analysis and development of functional markers for TaMYB4-1A in wheat.

MYB transcription factors play crucial roles in various stages of plant growth and development. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that wheat TaMYB4-1A contains two conserved MYB domain. The coding region of TaMYB4-1A is 792 bp, encoding 263 amino acids.

The physiological role of copper: Dietary sources, metabolic regulation, and safety concerns.

Copper plays an important physiological role in the body, with both deficiency and excess potentially impacting overall health. The body maintains a stringent copper metabolism mechanism to oversee absorption, utilization, storage, and elimination. Dietary consumption serves as the principal source of copper.

Epigallocatechin Gallate Promotes Cuproptosis via the MTF1/ATP7B Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Cuproptosis is a form of copper-dependent non-apoptotic cell death. Cancer cells that prefer to use aerobic glycolysis for energy generation are commonly insensitive to cuproptosis, which hinders its application for cancer treatment. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) possesses diverse pharmacological activities.

Machine Learning-Based Measurement and Prediction of Ground Settlement Induced by Shield Tunneling Undercrossing Existing Tunnels in Composite Strata.

To address the issue of insufficient accuracy in traditional settlement prediction methods for shield tunneling undercrossing in composite strata in Hangzhou, this paper proposes a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory neural network (Bi-LSTM) prediction model for high-precision dynamic prediction of ground settlement under small-sample conditions. Shield tunneling is a key method for urban tunnel construction. This paper presents the measurement and prediction of ground settlement caused by shield tunneling undercrossing existing tunnels in composite strata in Hangzhou.

Optimizing nanopore adaptive sampling for pneumococcal serotype surveillance in complex samples using the graph-based GNASTy algorithm.

Serotype surveillance of (the pneumococcus) is critical for understanding the effectiveness of current vaccination strategies. However, existing methods for serotyping are limited in their ability to identify co-carriage of multiple pneumococci and detect novel serotypes. To develop a scalable and portable serotyping method that overcomes these challenges, we employed nanopore adaptive sampling (NAS), an on-sequencer enrichment method that selects for target DNA in real-time, for direct detection of in complex samples.

Diversified nanocarrier design to optimize glucose oxidase-mediated anti-tumor therapy: Strategy and progress.

Given the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of tumors, current therapeutic approaches often fall short in meeting prognostic requirements. Starvation therapy (ST) utilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) has emerged as a promising strategy, specifically targeting tumor glucose consumption to disrupt nutrient supply. However, the therapeutic potential of GOx is significantly hampered by its inherent limitations as a protein, particularly its poor stability and short in vivo half-life.

Atmospheric deposition of pollutants at three altitudes on Mount Emei, Sichuan Basin, southwestern China.

Comparing the atmospheric deposition chemistry between above and below the planetary boundary layer (PBL) may help understand the impacts from inter-regional air pollutant transport and local emissions to air pollutant deposition. In this study, we monitored ions, soluble and insoluble potentially toxic elements (PTEs), and dissolved organic nitrogen and carbon at the base (M-base: 551 m asl), middle (M-middle: 2400 m asl), and summit (M-summit: 3077 m asl) on Mount Emei. The annual volume-weighted mean (VWM) concentrations of all measured components were substantially higher at M-base than at M-summit, except for Na, Cl, and NO as Na and Cl at M-summit may be largely from ocean and NO to NO transformation may be faster at M-base.

Nanoreactors with Cascade Catalytic Activity Reprogram the Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Immunotherapy by Synchronously Regulating Treg and Macrophage Cells.

Immunotherapy has been extensively utilized and studied as a prominent therapeutic strategy for tumors. However, the presence of a hypoxic immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment significantly reduces the efficacy of the treatment, thus impeding its application. In addition, the hypoxic microenvironment can also lead to the enrichment of immunosuppressive cells and reduce the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy; nanoparticles with biocatalytic activity have the ability to relieve hypoxia in tumor tissues and deliver drugs to target cells and have been widely concerned and applied in the field of tumor therapy.

Promoting Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia on Silver Nanocrystals Doped with Iron Series Elements.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia (NRA) is a promising approach to remove environmental pollutants while producing green NH under ambient conditions. Ag-based nanomaterials have been used in NRA but their iron series elements (Fe, Co, Ni) doping has not been explored yet. Herein, an effective and versatile doping strategy of Ag nanocrystals by iron series elements for efficient NRA is presented.

Hedgehog pathway and cancer: A new area (Review).

In years of research on classical pathways, the composition, information transmission mechanism, crosstalk with other pathways, and physiological and pathological effects of hedgehog (HH) pathway have been gradually clarified. HH also plays a critical role in tumor formation and development. According to the update of interpretation of tumor phenotypes, the latest relevant studies have been sorted out, to explore the specific mechanism of HH pathway in regulating different tumor phenotypes through gene mutation and signal regulation.

WTAP/IGF2BP3-mediated GBE1 expression accelerates the proliferation and enhances stemness in pancreatic cancer cells via upregulating c-Myc.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant cancers with highly aggressiveness and poor prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) have been indicated to be involved in PC development. Glucan Branching Enzyme 1 (GBE1) is mainly involved in cell glycogen metabolism.

Salinity-responsive histone PTMs identified in the gills and gonads of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus).

Background: Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are epigenetic marks that can be induced by environmental stress and elicit heritable patterns of gene expression. To investigate this process in an ecological context, we characterized the influence of salinity stress on histone PTMs within the gills, kidney, and testes of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). A total of 221 histone PTMs were quantified in each tissue sample and compared between freshwater-adapted fish exposed to salinity treatments that varied in intensity and duration.